BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOL. 49. PP. 195-248. 13 PLS., 1 FIG. FEBRUARY I. 1938 LOWER CAMBRIAN OLENELLUS ZONE OF . THE APPALACHIANS BY CHARLES ELMER RESSER AND BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HOWELL CONTENTS Page Introduction........................................................................................................................... 196 The Appalachians................................................................................................................. 197 Historical summary.............................................................................................................. 197 Material available for this study....................................................................................... 198 Stratigraphic units of the Lower Cambrian..................................................................... 198 Stratigraphic position of the OleneUua zone..................................................................... 200 Distribution of Lower Cambrian strata in the Appalachians....................................... 200 General statement......................................................................................................... 200 Straits of Belle Isle....................................................................................................... 200 Labrador series..................................................................................................... 200 Bradore formation................................................................................................ 201 Forteau formation................................................................................................ 201 Highlands of St. John and Hawke Bay.................................................................... 201 St. Lawrence Valley..................................................................................................... 201 Western Vermont.......................................................................................................... 201 Five sequences....................................................................................................... 201 Monkton quartzite............................................................................................... 202 Winooski dolomite................................................................................................ 202 Mallet dolomite..................................................................................................... 202 Parker shale........................................................................................................... 202 Rugg Brook dolomite........................................................................................... 203 Southern Vermont and eastern New York.............................................................. 203 General statement................................................................................................ 203 Bomoseen grit........................................................................................................ 203 Schodack formation.............................................................................................. 204 Southeastern New York.............................................................................................. 204 Poughquag quartzite............................................................................................ 204 Stissing dolomite................................................................................................... 204 Lancaster and York basins.......................................................................................... 204 General statement................................................................................................ 204 Antietam sandstone.............................................................................................. 205 Vintage dolomite................................................................................................... 205 Kinzers formation................................................................................................. 205 Ledger dolomite.................................................................................................... 205 Appalachian Valley between the Hudson and the Susquehanna rivers............. 206 Appalachian Valley between the Susquehanna and the Potomac rivers......... 206 General statement................................................................................................ 206 Antietam sandstone.............................................................................................. 206 Tomstown formation............................................................................................ 206 Waynesboro formation........................................................................................ 206 (195) Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/49/2/195/3430769/BUL49_2-0195.pdf by guest on 27 September 2021 196 BESSER AND HOWELL----LOWER CAMBRIAN OLENELLUS ZONE Page Appalachian Valley in southwestern Virginia.........................................................206 Erwin sandstone....................................................................................................206 Shady dolomite.....................................................................................................207 Rome formation....................................................................................................207 Olenellus fauna...................................................................................................................... 207 Characteristics...............................................................................................................207 Preservation of the fossils........................................................................................... 207 Composition of the fauna............................................................................................208 Relationships of the fauna.......................................................................................... 208 Description of genera and species......................................................................................209 Localities........................................................................................................................209 Algae............................................................................................................................... 209 Porifera...........................................................................................................................210 Coelenterata ?............................................................................................................... 211 Echinodermata..............................................................................................................212 Brachiopoda.................................................................................................................. 213 Gastropoda....................................................................................................................214 Annelida ?...................................................................................................................... 215 Undetermined forms.................................................................................................... 216 Agnostia.......................................................................................................................... 216 Trilobita.........................................................................................................................217 Undetermined trilobite................................................................................................ 230 Other crustacea.............................................................................................................231 Undetermined crustaceans.........................................................................................233 Works to which reference is made.....................................................................................234 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Hall’s drawings of Olenellus ...................................................................................... 219 Plate Facing page 1. Algae, sponges, and coelenterates............................................................................. 236 2. Coelenterates, gastropods, and echinoderms.......................................................... 237 3. Annelids ?, gastropods, and trilobites...................................................................... 238 4. Gastropods, trilobites, brachiopods, and cystids................................................... 239 5. Trilobites and other crustacea................................................................................... 240 6. Trilobites....................................................................................................................... 241 7. Trilobites....................................................................................................................... 242 8. Trilobites....................................................................................................................... 243 9. Trilobites and undetermined organisms.................................................................... 244 10. Trilobites and other crustacea..................................................................................