DESERT QUARTZITE SOLAR PROJECT FINAL PLAN AMENDMENT/ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT/ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT APPENDIX P CLASS III ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT (see PDF files on enclosed CD) Class III Archaeological Survey of the Desert Quartzite Solar Project, Palo Verde Mesa, Riverside County, California Edited by Michael K. Lerch, Patrick B. Stanton, and Karen K. Swope Contributions by Dean M. Duryea, Jr., Scott H. Kremkau, Michael K. Lerch, Tim M. Mills, Patrick B. Stanton, Mark Q. Sutton, Karen K. Swope, Carly Whelan, and Jason D. Windingstad Screen check final report prepared for George E. Kline, Archaeologist Bureau of Land Management Palm Springs–South Coast Field Office 1201 Bird Center Drive Palm Springs, CA 92262 Technical Report 15-36 Statistical Research, Inc. Redlands, California Class III Archaeological Survey of the Desert Quartzite Solar Project, Palo Verde Mesa, Riverside County, California Edited by Michael K. Lerch, Patrick B. Stanton, and Karen K. Swope Contributions by Dean M. Duryea, Jr., Scott H. Kremkau, Michael K. Lerch, Tim M. Mills, Patrick B. Stanton, Mark Q. Sutton, Karen K. Swope, Carly Whelan, and Jason D. Windingstad Screen check final report prepared for George E. Kline, Archaeologist Bureau of Land Management Palm Springs–South Coast Field Office 1201 Bird Center Drive Palm Springs, CA 92262 Technical Report 15-36 Statistical Research, Inc. Redlands, California January 2016 CONTENTS List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. ix List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... xi Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................... xiii Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................................... xv 1. Introduction, by Michael K. Lerch and Scott H. Kremkau ............................................................... 1.1 Project Location .................................................................................................................................. 1.1 Project Description .............................................................................................................................. 1.4 Applicable Regulations ....................................................................................................................... 1.4 APE Definitions .................................................................................................................................. 1.4 Direct APE .................................................................................................................................... 1.5 Indirect APE ................................................................................................................................. 1.5 Personnel Qualifications ...................................................................................................................... 1.6 Organization of the Report .................................................................................................................. 1.7 2. Background Information, by Scott H. Kremkau, Tim M. Mills, Mark Q. Sutton, Carly Whelan, Karen K. Swope, Jason D. Windingstad, and Michael K. Lerch ................................................... 2.1 Environmental Setting ......................................................................................................................... 2.1 Geology ......................................................................................................................................... 2.1 Flora .............................................................................................................................................. 2.2 Fauna ............................................................................................................................................. 2.3 Cultural Setting .................................................................................................................................... 2.7 Prehistoric Background ................................................................................................................. 2.7 The Paleoindian Period (12,000–8500 B.P.) ........................................................................... 2.7 The Archaic Period (8500–1500 B.P.) .................................................................................... 2.7 The Patayan Period (1500–200 B.P.) ...................................................................................... 2.8 Ethnographic Background ................................................................................................................... 2.9 Ethnographic Sources from the Colorado Desert.......................................................................... 2.9 Academic Studies ................................................................................................................... 2.9 Land Management Studies ................................................................................................... 2.11 The Cahuilla ................................................................................................................................ 2.12 Settlement and Subsistence .................................................................................................. 2.12 Sociopolitical Organization .................................................................................................. 2.12 Material Culture ................................................................................................................... 2.13 Houses and Other Structures .......................................................................................... 2.13 Hunting and Gathering Implements ............................................................................... 2.13 Baskets, Pottery, and Steatite Vessels ............................................................................ 2.13 Miscellaneous Implements ............................................................................................. 2.13 Trade and Conflict ................................................................................................................ 2.14 Worldview and Ritual Practice ............................................................................................. 2.14 The Chemehuevi ......................................................................................................................... 2.14 Settlement and Subsistence .................................................................................................. 2.15 Sociopolitical Organization .................................................................................................. 2.16 Material Culture ................................................................................................................... 2.16 Houses and Other Structures .......................................................................................... 2.16 iii Hunting, Gathering, and Farming Implements .............................................................. 2.16 Baskets and Pottery ........................................................................................................ 2.16 Trade and Conflict ................................................................................................................ 2.17 Worldview and Ritual Practice ............................................................................................. 2.17 The Mojave ................................................................................................................................. 2.18 Subsistence and Settlement .................................................................................................. 2.18 Sociopolitical Organization .................................................................................................. 2.19 Material Culture ................................................................................................................... 2.19 Houses and Other Structures .......................................................................................... 2.19 Hunting, Fishing, Farming, and Gathering Implements ................................................ 2.19 Baskets and Pottery ........................................................................................................ 2.20 Trade and Conflict ................................................................................................................ 2.20 Worldview and Ritual Practice ............................................................................................. 2.20 The Halchidhoma ........................................................................................................................ 2.21 Subsistence and Settlement .................................................................................................. 2.21 Sociopolitical Organization .................................................................................................. 2.21 Material Culture ..................................................................................................................