Government of Andhra Pradesh Public Disclosure Authorized Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Department VOL. 1 Andhra Pradesh Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project The World Bank Assisted Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Analysis And Environmental Management Framework Public Disclosure Authorized Final Report November 2008 Public Disclosure Authorized Samaj Vikas Development Support Organisation Hyderabad [email protected] Andhra Pradesh Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project Environmental Analysis .Final Report .November 2008 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 10 1. 1 Background .............................................................................................................. 10 1.2 Andhra Pradesh Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project .................................. 10 1.2.1 Objectives ..................................................................................................... 10 1.3 Scope of the Project ........................................................................................... 11 1.4 Brief profile of Andhra Pradesh ............................................................................... 12 1.4.1 Physiographic Profile .................................................................................... 12 1.4.2 Water Resources ............................................................................................. 13 1.5 Environmental Analysis ..........................................................................................13 1.5.1 Objective ........................................................................................................14 1.6 Methodology ............................................................................................................14 1.6.1 Data Collection and Review ........................................................................... 14 1.6.2 Sample Habitations for Pilot Study ..............................................................17 1.6.3 Preliminary Site Visits ....................................................................................17 1.6.4 Public Consultations .......................................................................................17 1.7 Organisation of the Report .......................................................................................18 2 . Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in Andhra Pradesh - Policy, Regulatory Framework and Programme ......................................................................................................................20 2.1 RWSS at National Context ...................................................................................... 20 2.1.1 Sector Reforms Project ...................................................................................21 2.1.2 Swajaladhara ..................................................................................................21 2.1.3 Sub - Mission Project (SMP) .........................................................................22 . 2.1.4 Total sanitation Campaign .............................................................................. 22 2.2 RWSS Coverage in Andhra Pradesh .......................................................................23 2.2.1 Drinking Water ...............................................................................................23 2.2.2 Sanitation ........................................................................................................26 2.3 Regulatory and Policy Framework ..........................................................................26 2.3.1 The World Bank Safeguard Policies ..............................................................30 2.4 Sector Institutions ....................................................................................................32 Nodal Institution ............................................................................................................32 2.4.1 Nodal Institutions ........................................................................................... 33 2.4.2 Converging Departments ................................................................................ 35 2.5 GOAP RWSS Sector Vision ....................................................................................36 2.6 Proposed World Bank Assisted Project ...................................................................37 3 . Baseline Environmental Status ......................................................................................39 3.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................39 3.2 Physical Environmental ...........................................................................................39 3 2.1 Location ..........................................................................................................39 3.2.2 Geomorphology ..............................................................................................39 3.2.3 Ecologically Sensitive Areas ..........................................................................40 3.2.4 Climate and Rainfall .......................................................................................42 3.2.5 Demographic Status .......................................................................................43 3.2.6 Agriculture ......................................................................................................45 3.3 Water Resources ......................................................................................................47 3.3.1 Surface Water .................................................................................................48 3.3.2 Groundwater ...................................................................................................48 3.3.3 Artificial Recharge of Groundwater ...............................................................55 3.3.4 Water Quality .................................................................................................56 Samaj Vikas (~nfo$~sal-nal viA:ik~j~) 2 Andhra Pradesh Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project Environmental Analysis .Final Report .November 2008 3.3.5 Surface Water Quality .................................................................................... 56 3.3.6 Ground water Quality ..................................................................................... 57 3.3.7 Current Water Supply and Treatment Practices ............................................. 63 3.3.8 Incidence of Water and Sanitation - Related Diseases .................................. 64 3.4 House Hold and Environmental Sanitation ............................................................. 66 3.4.1 Status of Toilet Construction .......................................................................... 66 ............................................. ..................... 4 . Environment Management Framework !.... t~ 69 4.1 Environmental Analysis .......................................................................................... 69 4.2 Key Environmental Issues ....................................................................................... 69 4.2.1 Water Availability .......................................................................................... 69 4.2.2 Water Quality ................................................................................................. 70 4.2.3 Construction Stage Environmental Impacts ................................................... 73 4.3 Objectives of EMF ................................................................................................... 74 4.4 Environmental Management Frame Work .............................................................. 75 4.4.1 Key Elements of the EMF ..............................................................................75 4.4.2 Application of EMF to Project .......................................................................76 4.4.3 Environmental Supervision and Monitoring .................................................. 77 . 4.5 Institutional Arrangements ......................................................................................78 4.5.1 Village Level GPWSC and SOs .....................................................................78 4.5.2 Mandal Level ..................................................................................................79 4.5.3 Disrtict Level ..................................................................................................79 4.5.4 State Level ...................................................................................................... 79 4.5.5 Performance Indicators ...................................................................................81 4.6 Training and Capacity Building .......................................................................... 81 4.6.1 Objectives .......................................................................................................81 4.6.2 Approach ........................................................................................................81 4.6.3 Institutions for Training ..................................................................................82 4.6.4 Details of Training Programmes ....................................................................82 4.6.5 Budget ............................................................................................................84