American Public University System DigitalCommons@APUS ePress Course Materials APUS ePress 2014 Introduction to Music Appreciation Bethanie Hansen American Public University System David Whitehouse American Public University System Cathy Silverman American Public University System Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.apus.edu/epresscoursematerials Part of the Music Commons Recommended Citation Hansen, Bethanie; Whitehouse, David; and Silverman, Cathy, "Introduction to Music Appreciation" (2014). ePress Course Materials. Book 3. http://digitalcommons.apus.edu/epresscoursematerials/3 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the APUS ePress at DigitalCommons@APUS. It has been accepted for inclusion in ePress Course Materials by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@APUS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INTRODUCTION TO MUSIC APPRECIATION By Bethanie Hansen, David Whitehouse, and Cathy Silverman Edited by Kimberly Jacobs American Public University System ePress 2012 Revised 2014 Authors: Bethanie Hansen, David Whitehouse, and Cathy Silverman Content Editor: Kimberly Jacobs Acquisitions Editor: Judith Novak Production Editor: Molly Fischer Copy Editor: Missy Sheehan Editor in Chief: Fred Stielow Cover Illustration: Jessica Radlich, American Public University System Visual Arts Copyright © 2012; Revised 2014 APUS ePress All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America This text was compiled in Charles Town, West Virginia by the APUS ePress. This book uses constantly changing technologies, and is frequently updated to ensure links are accessible. ISBNs: 978-1-937381-08-0 (e-book) 978-1-937381-05-9 (print book) American Public University System ePress 111 West Congress Street Charles Town, WV 25414 www.apus.edu http://apus.campusguides.com/APUS_ePress Chapter 1: Music Elements, Critical Listening, and Course Overview Table of Contents Chapter 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Music Elements, Critical Listening, and Course Overview ...................................................... 1 What is Music? ........................................................................................................................... 2 Music Elements .......................................................................................................................... 4 Music Terms ............................................................................................................................... 5 Music Notation ......................................................................................................................... 12 Genres ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Styles ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Self-Check Exercises ................................................................................................................ 14 Closing ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 2 ................................................................................................................................... 35 Early Western Art Music ......................................................................................................... 35 Gregorian Chant and the Liturgy ............................................................................................. 38 Secular Music ........................................................................................................................... 42 The Beginnings of Polyphony .................................................................................................. 44 Motet ......................................................................................................................................... 48 Key Music Terms ...................................................................................................................... 51 The Renaissance ...................................................................................................................... 54 Closing ...................................................................................................................................... 61 Self-Check Exercises ................................................................................................................ 63 Chapter 3 ................................................................................................................................... 68 The Baroque Era ..................................................................................................................... 68 Opera ........................................................................................................................................ 72 Instrumental Music .................................................................................................................. 75 Cantata and Oratorio ............................................................................................................... 78 Key Music Terms ...................................................................................................................... 79 The Eighteenth Century ........................................................................................................... 82 Vivaldi, Handel, and Bach ........................................................................................................ 82 Closing ...................................................................................................................................... 92 Self-Check Exercises ................................................................................................................ 94 Chapter 4 ................................................................................................................................... 98 The Classical Era (1750-1820) ............................................................................................... 98 Relevant Historical Events ....................................................................................................... 98 Political Influences ................................................................................................................... 99 Social Influences ................................................................................................................... 100 Cultural Influences ............................................................................................................... 951 Defining Characteristics of Classicism in Music ................................................................. 103 Key Music Terms ................................................................................................................... 105 Instrumental Music Forms ................................................................................................... 107 Composers ............................................................................................................................. 108 Closing ................................................................................................................................... 114 Self-Check Exercises ............................................................................................................. 116 Chapter 5 ................................................................................................................................. 117 The Romantic Period ............................................................................................................ 117 Relevant Historical Events .................................................................................................... 118 Political Influences ................................................................................................................ 120 Social Influences ................................................................................................................... 122 Cultural Influences ................................................................................................................ 123 Defining Characteristics of Romanticism in Music ............................................................. 125 Key Music Terms ................................................................................................................... 128 Composers ............................................................................................................................. 131 Summary of the Romantic Era ............................................................................................. 142 Self-Check Exercises ............................................................................................................. 144 Chapter 6 ................................................................................................................................. 154 Twentieth-Century Music ...................................................................................................... 154 Relevant Historical Events ...................................................................................................