These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden Woody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location U = Upland, W = Woodland, B = Both areas Baneberry - White Baneberry - White Baneberry - Red Baneberry-Red Actaea pachypoda Fruit stalks thick and red. Actaea rubra White berry form, berry B (Flw. cluster more pyramidal W Leaf similar to Red W (Flower cluster usually more B stalks thin, not red. Toxic B thick flower & fruit stalks) Baneberry. Toxic rounded) Baneberry-Red Baneberry-Leaf Garlic Mustard Garlic Mustard Garlic Mustard Red berry form, berry stalks Stems 1-2.5’ hi. Leaf of red Alliaria petiolata Leaves with heart-shaped Plants can be 4 inches to 6’ thin, not red.Toxic B & white similar. Flower B (Invasive) B base, coarse teeth. Flowers B To control remove seed B clusters & fruit different in terminal spike. Biennial heads at maturity or pull root Serviceberry-Saskatoon* Serviceberry-Saskatoon* Serviceberry-Saskatoon* Serviceberry - Downy* Serviceberry - Downy* Amelanchier alnifolia Leaf toothed in the upper Pomes to 1/2”, fleshy, red to Amelanchier arborea Leaf -toothed, bronze and W half, no hair at flowering, W purple-black, edible. Trunk W (AKA - Downy Juneberry) W hairy at flowering, pointed W rounded tip to 25’ if growing as a tree To 30’ if growing as a tree tip. Pomes to 3/8” edible Serviceberry - Allegheny* Serviceberry - Allegheny* Serviceberry - Allegheny* Hepatica - Sharp-lobed Hepatica - Round-lobed Amelanchier laevis Leaf ovate, toothed, bronze Pomes to 3/8”, red to purple- Anemone acutiloba Anemone americana W when young, abrupt tip point W black. Edible.Trunk to 30’ W W W when growing as a tree ©2020 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. “www.friendsofeloisebutler.org” Page 11 These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden Woody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location U = Upland, W = Woodland, B = Both areas Wood Anemone Wood Anemone Wood Anemone Field Pussytoes Field Pussytoes Anemone quinquefolia Some flowers can be Leaves basal, 3-5 parted, Antennaria neglecta Stems prostrate, erect only B doubles. Stems 2-8” high B upper half lobed, long stalk, B U in flower 4-16”; leaves U bronze when young woolly. Flowers dioecious Smooth Rockcress Smooth Rockcress Wild Calla Wild Calla Wild Calla Boechera laevigata Stem erect, 1-3.5’, stem Calla palustris Leaves basal, waxy green. Fruit cluster reddish, toxic W leaves long, narrow, curling. W (AKA - Water Arum) W Flower stalk single, shorter W when fresh. Flower stalk W Basal leaves obovate L than leaves. 5-10” high L single, shorter than leaves L Toothwort - Cut-leaved Toothwort - Cut-leaved Toothwort - Two-leaved Toothwort - Two-leaved Pennsylvania Bitter-cress Cardamine concatenata Stem leaf - 3 deep-lobed Cardamine diphylla Stems have 2 leaves, Cardamine pensylvanica W leaflets, appear to be 5 W (AKA - Crinkleroot) W opposite, 3 lobes, not deeply W (Pennsylvania Bittercress) W lobed. 8-16” high cut. 8-16” high L Pennsylvania Bitter-cress Mouse-ear Chickweed Mouse-ear Chickweed Virginia Spring Beauty Virginia Spring Beauty Terminal leaflet largest. Cerastium fontanum ssp. Stem to 12” high. Leaves Claytonia virginica 1/2” flowers in loose cluster, Stem leaf shown. Lower leaf W vulgare W opposite, stalkless, fine hair. W W 3-6” high. Basal leaves long W has wider leaflets. 6-24” high L Flowers - 5 deep cleft petals narrow. 1 pair stem leaves ©2020 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. “www.friendsofeloisebutler.org” Page 12 These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden Woody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location U = Upland, W = Woodland, B = Both areas Dogwood - Redosier* Dogwood - Redosier* Dogwood - Redosier* Dutchman’s Breeches Dutchman’s Breeches Cornus sericea Leaves opposite, entire, Drupes turn whitish-lead Dicentra cucullaria Leaves basal, yellow-green, (Stems red Fall to Spring.) W whitish beneath, fine hair on W color with pale red stalks. W W pinnately divided. Flowering W L top. Stems to 9+’ high L Dogwood drupes not edible L scape above leaves to 12” Shooting Star Shooting Star False Rue Anemone False Rue Anemone White Troutlily Dodecatheon meadia Flowering scape to 18” high Enemion biternatum Flowers rise from leaf axils. Erythronium albidum (AKA - Pride of Ohio) U held above basal rosette of U W Leaves 2-3 times 3 parted, W (AKA - White Fawn Lily) W oblong leaves leaflets lobed. 4-16” high Flower 2-7” high White Troutlily Strawberry - Woodland Strawberry - Woodland Strawberry - Virginia Strawberry - Virginia Flowers nod, single above 2 Fragaria vesca Flower stalk above leaves. Fragaria virginiana Flower stalk shorter than mottled basal leaves; 1 leaf W U Leaflets often stalkless. Tip U W leaves. Leaflets stalked. Tip W on non-flowering plants tooth of leaflet broad tooth of leaflet shorter Bedstraw - Cleavers Bedstraw - Cleavers Dame’s Rocket - White Dame’s Rocket - White Dame’s Rocket - White Galium aparine Weak sticky stems,4-40” Hesperis matronalis Leaves alternate, lance Pink or white flowers; stem (AKA - Stickywilly) B long, sprawling; 4-petal B (AKA - Sweet Rocket) W shape, toothed. Flowers in W little branched, fine hair, 2-5 W Seed pod round, 2-cell, hairy flowers; leaves - whorl 6 to 8 L loose terminal cluster L feet high L ©2020 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. “www.friendsofeloisebutler.org” Page 13 These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden Woody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location U = Upland, W = Woodland, B = Both areas Twinleaf Twinleaf Mountain Laurel* Mountain Laurel* Tatarian Honeysuckle* Jeffersonia diphylla Leaves basal, long stalk, 2 Kalmia latifolia Leaves alternate, leathery, Lonicera tatarica W opposite leaflets. Flowers on W W glossy, evergreen, to 5” W (Invasive) B 4-10” leafless scape long. Low growing. Toxic Tatarian Honeysuckle* False Solomon’s Seal False Solomon’s Seal False Solomon’s Seal Twoleaf Miterwort Leaves elliptical, opposite. Maianthemum racemosum Single stem, tiny flowers in Berries red or mottled red in Mitella diphylla Flowers white to pink. Stems B B branched cluster at stem tip; B Autumn. Not considered B (AKA - Bishop's Cap) W shrubby, 3-10’. Berries red stem to 30” long edible Twoleaf Miterwort Blunt-leaved Sandwort Blunt-leaved Sandwort Chokecherry* Chokecherry* Leaves mid-stem, 1 pair, Moehringia lateriflora Leaf - oblong, blunt tip, no Prunus virginiana Leaf oval, fine teeth, pale almost stalkless, 3-5 lobes. W U stalk, < 1” long, fine hair. U W under, small glands on leaf W Flower 1/5” wide, plant 6-16” Plant < 10 inches high stalk. Multiple stems to 20’ Chokecherry* Pussy Willow* Red Elderberry* Red Elderberry* Red Elderberry* Drupes 1/3”, deep red to Salix discolor Sambucus racemosa Flower cluster domed, leaf 5 Drupes small, birds love dark purplish black. Pit is W W (Flowers white to pinkish) W -7 leaflets, serrate edge. W them, not palatable to W toxic. Makes good jelly L Leafs out before flowering humans. Stems 6-12’ ©2020 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. “www.friendsofeloisebutler.org” Page 14 These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden Woody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location U = Upland, W = Woodland, B = Both areas Bloodroot Bloodroot American Bladdernut* American Bladdernut* American Bladdernut* Sanguinaria canadensis 3-8” high. Flowers solitary. Staphylea trifolia Leaf - 3 ovate shiny leaflets, 1 - 4 seeds inside inflated 3- W Leaf single, basal, 5 - 7 W W fine teeth, lateral leaflets not W angled papery pod. W lobes, wraps flower stem stalked Usually multiple stems to 15’ Foamflower Foamflower Trillium - Nodding Trillium - Nodding Trillium - Drooping Tiarella cordifolia To 14” hi. Leaves all basal, Trillium cernuum Flower nods beneath the 3 Trillium flexipes (AKA - Heartleaf W heart-shape base, 5 to 7 W W bracts. 8-16” high. Green W (AKA - Nodding Wakerobin) W Foamflower) lobes, stalks w/glandular hair sepals reflexed backward Trillium - Drooping Trillium - Large-flowered Trillium - Large-flowered Trillium - Snow Trillium - Snow Flower droops but remains Trillium grandiflorum 8-16” hi. Largest flower of Trillium nivale Smallest trillium, sepals with above bracts. Green sepals W (AKA - White Trillium) W white trilliums, erect, facing W W purplish tones, bracts small W partly reflexed, to 16” high outward. Pink with age and more narrow; to 4” high Nannyberry* Nannyberry* Nannyberry* Highbush Cranberry* Highbush Cranberry* Viburnum lentago Leaf egg shaped, fine teeth, Drupes to 1/3”, oval, bluish- Viburnum opulus var. Leaf 3-lobed, coarse teeth. W in opposite pairs, stalks W black, red stalks, not W americanum (AKA American W Plant to 15’ high, scaly bark. W reddish with small wings palatable. Stems to 20’ Cranberrybush) L Multiple stems to 15’ L ©2020 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. “www.friendsofeloisebutler.org” Page 15 These are spring flowering plants that you may encounter on a visit between April & early May. Spring Wildflowers Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ).