Set-Top Boxes Codes and Standards Enhancement (CASE) Initiative For PY 2013: Title 20 Standards Development Analysis of Standards Proposal for Set-Top Boxes California Energy Commission DOCKETED 12-AAER-2A TN 71759 JUL 29 2013 Docket #12-AAER-2A July 29, 2013 Prepared for: PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO GAS AND SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COMPANY EDISON ELECTRIC GAS COMPANY Prepared by: Gregg Hardy, Jeffrey Swofford, Suzanne Foster Porter, Apurva Pawashe, Katherine Dayem and Debbie Driscoll Ecova This report was prepared by the California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program and funded by the California utility customers under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission. Copyright 2013 Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Southern California Edison, Southern California Gas, San Diego Gas & Electric. All rights reserved, except that this document may be used, copied, and distributed without modification. Neither PG&E, SCE, SoCalGas, SDG&E, nor any of its employees makes any warranty, express of implied; or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any data, information, method, product, policy or process disclosed in this document; or represents that its use will not infringe any privately-owned rights including, but not limited to, patents, trademarks or copyrights. Acknowledgements The CASE Team would like to thank NRDC, in particular, Noah Horowitz and Pierre Delforge for their contributions in the development of this standards proposal. Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 2 ACRONYMS................................................................................................................... 2 3 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 3 3.1 Overview ........................................................................................................... 3 3.2 Product Classes .................................................................................................... 4 3.3 Additional Functionality .......................................................................................... 4 3.4 Scope of Products .................................................................................................. 5 4 MANUFACTURING AND MARKET CHANNEL OVERVIEW ......................................... 6 5 ENERGY USAGE............................................................................................................. 8 5.1 Test Methods ....................................................................................................... 8 5.1.1 Current Test Methods ........................................................................................................ 8 5.1.2 Proposed Test Methods ....................................................................................................... 9 5.2 Baseline Energy Use Per Product ............................................................................... 9 5.2.1 Duty Cycle .................................................................................................................... 9 5.2.2 Unit Energy Consumption ................................................................................................ 10 5.3 Efficiency Measures ............................................................................................. 11 5.3.1 Reduce On Mode Power Levels ........................................................................................... 11 5.3.2 Reduce Sleep Mode Power Levels ......................................................................................... 14 5.3.3 Increase Time Spent In Sleep Mode ..................................................................................... 14 5.3.4 Implement New System Architectures ................................................................................... 15 5.4 Standards Case Energy Use Per Product ..................................................................... 16 5.4.1 Primary Standards Criteria ............................................................................................... 16 5.4.2 Secondary Standards Criteria ............................................................................................ 17 5.4.3 Standards Case Unit Energy Consumption ............................................................................. 18 6 MARKET SATURATION & SALES ............................................................................... 19 6.1 Current Market Situation ...................................................................................... 19 6.1.1 Baseline Case ................................................................................................................ 19 6.1.2 High Efficiency Options ................................................................................................... 21 6.2 Future Market Adoption of High Efficiency Options ...................................................... 22 7 SAVINGS POTENTIAL.................................................................................................. 25 7.1 Statewide California Energy Use .............................................................................. 25 7.2 Statewide California Energy Savings .......................................................................... 28 7.3 Other Benefits and Penalties ................................................................................... 29 7.4 State or Local Government Costs and Savings .............................................................. 29 8 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS................................................................................................ 29 8.1 Incremental Cost ................................................................................................ 29 8.2 Design Life ........................................................................................................ 33 8.3 Lifecycle Cost / Net Benefit ................................................................................... 34 9 ACCEPTANCE ISSUES .................................................................................................. 35 9.1 Infrastructure issues ............................................................................................. 35 9.2 Existing Standards ............................................................................................... 36 9.2.1 ENERGY STAR Program ................................................................................................. 36 9.2.2 U.S. Department of Energy Rulemaking ............................................................................... 36 9.3 Stakeholder Positions ........................................................................................... 37 10 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...................................................................................... 37 10.1 Hazardous Materials ............................................................................................. 37 10.2 Air Quality ........................................................................................................ 37 10.3 Greenhouse Gases ............................................................................................... 38 11 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 39 11.1 Recommended Standards Proposal ........................................................................... 39 11.2 Proposed Changes to the Title 20 Code Language ......................................................... 39 11.3 Implementation Plan ............................................................................................ 42 12 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 43 APPENDIX A: ADDITIONAL MARKET DATA....................................................................... A-1 APPENDIX B: ENERGY USE AND SAVINGS ANALYSIS USING CHANGING COMPLIANCE RATES OVER TIME .................................................................................................................... 5 APPENDIX C: CRITERIA POLLUTANT EMISSIONS AND MONETIZATION ......................... C-1 C.1 Criteria Pollutant Emissions Calculation .................................................................... C-1 C.2 Criteria Pollutant Emissions Monetization ................................................................. C-1 APPENDIX D: GREENHOUSE GAS VALUATION DISCUSSION ............................................. D-1 D.1 Damage Cost Approach ........................................................................................ D-1 D.1.1 Interagency Working Group Estimates ................................................................................ D-1 D.2 Abatement Cost Approach .................................................................................... D-2 D.3 Regulated Carbon Market Approach ........................................................................ D-3 D.3.1 European Union Emissions Trading System ......................................................................... D-3 D.3.2 California Cap & Trade ................................................................................................. D-3 1 Executive Summary The Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), Southern