On the Interactions Between Urban Structures

On the Interactions Between Urban Structures

On the interactions between urban structures and air flows : A numerical study of the effects of urban morphology on the building wind environment and the related building energy loads Lucie Merlier To cite this version: Lucie Merlier. On the interactions between urban structures and air flows : A numerical study of the effects of urban morphology on the building wind environment and the related building energy loads. Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]. INSA de Lyon, 2015. English. NNT : 2015ISAL0070. tel-01368556 HAL Id: tel-01368556 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01368556 Submitted on 19 Sep 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Numéro d’ordre: 2015-ISAL-0070 Année: 2015 Thèse ON THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN URBAN STRUCTURES AND AIR FLOWS: A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF URBAN MORPHOLOGY ON THE BUILDING WIND ENVIRONMENT AND THE RELATED BUILDING ENERGY LOADS Soutenue devant: L’Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon) Pour obtenir: le grade de docteur Formation doctorale: Génie Civil Ecole doctorale: MEGA Mécanique, Energétique, Génie Civil Acoustique Laboratoire d’accueil: CETHIL, UMR 5008 Centre d’Energétique et de Thermique de Lyon Par: Lucie MERLIER Soutenue le 4 septembre 2015 devant la commission d’examen. Jury: Bert BLOCKEN Professeur, BPS - TU Eindhoven Rapporteur Julien HANS Directeur adjoint, Dpt. Energie & Environnement - CSTB Co-encadrant Frédéric KUZNIK Professeur, CETHIL - INSA de Lyon Directeur de thèse Peter MOONEN Professeur, LFC-R - Univ. de Pau et pays de l’Adour Examinateur Marjorie MUSY Ingénieure de recherche HDR, CRENAU-IRSTV Nantes Rapporteur Christian OBRECHT Maître de conférences, CETHIL - INSA de Lyon Invité Gilles RUSAOUËN Maître de conférences, CETHIL - Univ. de Lyon Co-encadrant Pierre SAGAUT Professeur, M2P2 UMR 7340 - Univ. de Aix Marseille Examinateur Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés ii Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés INSA Direction de la Recherche - Liste des Écoles Doctorales SIGLE ÉCOLE DOCTORALE NOM ET COORDONNÉES DU RESPONSABLE CHIMIE CHIMIE DE LYON M. Jean-Marc LANCELIN EDA 206 http://www.edchimie-lyon.fr Université de Lyon - Collège Doctoral Sec. : Renée EL MELHEM Bât. ESCPE Bât. Blaise Pascal 3ème étage 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918 Tél. : 04 72 43 80 46 69622 VILLEURBANNE Cedex Insa : R. GOURDON Tél. : 04 72 43 13 95 [email protected] [email protected] E.E.A. ÉLECTRONIQUE, ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE, M. Gérard SCORLETTI EDA 160 AUTOMATIQUE École Centrale de Lyon http://edeea.ec-lyon.fr 36, avenue Guy de Collongue Sec. : M. C. HAVGOUDOUKIAN 69134 ECULLY [email protected] Tél. : 04 72 18 60 97 / Fax. : 04 78 43 37 17 [email protected] E2M2 ÉVOLUTION, ÉCOSYSTEME, MICROBI- M. Fabrice CORDEY EDA 341 OLOGIE, MODÉLISATION Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon http://e2m2.universite-lyon.fr Université Claude Bernard Lyon I Sec. : Bât. Géode - Bureau 225 Bât. Atrium - UCB Lyon I 43, bvd du 11 novembre 1918 Tél. : 04 72 44 83 62 69622 VILLEURBANNE Cedex Insa : S. REVERCHON Tél. : 04 72 44 83 74 [email protected] [email protected] EDISS INTERDISCIPLINAIRE SCIENCES-SANTÉ Mme Emmanuelle CANET-SOULAS EDA 205 http://ediss-lyon.fr INSERM U1060, CarMeN lab, Univ. Lyon I Bât. Atrium - UCB Lyon I Bâtiment IMBL Tél. : 04 72 44 83 62 11, avenue Jean Capelle [email protected] 69621 VILLEURBANNE Cedex Tél. : 04 72 11 90 13 [email protected] INFOMATHS INFORMATIQUE ET MATHÉMATIQUES Mme Sylvie CALABRETTO EDA 512 http://infomaths.univ-lyon1.fr LIRIS - INSA de Lyon - Bât. Blaise Pascal Sec. : Renée EL MELHEM 7, avenue Jean Capelle Bât. Blaise Pascal - 3ème étage 69622 VILLEURBANNE Cedex [email protected] Tél. : 04 72 43 80 46 / Fax. : 04 72 43 16 87 [email protected] Matériaux MATÉRIAUX DE LYON M. Jean-Yves BUFFIERE EDA 034 http://ed34.universite-lyon.fr MATEIS - INSA de Lyon - Bât. Saint Exupéry Sec. : M. LABOUNE-DAHMANI 7, avenue Jean Capelle Bât. Direction - 1er étage 69621 VILLEURBANNE Cedex Tél. : 04 72 43 71 70 Tél. : 04 72 43 71 70 / Fax. : 04 72 43 85 28 [email protected] [email protected] MEGA MÉCANIQUE, ÉNERGÉTIQUE, GÉNIE M. Philippe BOISSE EDA 162 CIVIL, ACOUSTIQUE LAMCOS - INSA de Lyon http://mega.universite-lyon.fr Bât. Jacquard Sec. : M. LABOUNE-DAHMANI 25 bis, avenue Jean Capelle Bât. Direction - 1er étage 69621 VILLEURBANNE Cedex Tél. : 04 72 43 71 70 Tél. : 04 72 43 71 70 / Fax. : 04 72 43 72 37 [email protected] [email protected] ScSo AMÉNAGEMENT, URBANISME, Mme Isabelle VON BUELTZINGLOEWEN EDA 483 ARCHÉOLOGIE, SCIENCES POLITIQUES, Université Lyon II SOCIOLOGIE, ANTHROPOLOGIE 86, rue Pasteur http://recherche.univ-lyon2.fr/scso/ 69365 LYON Cedex 07 Sec. : Viviane POLSINELLI Tél. : 04 78 77 23 86 / Fax. : 04 37 28 04 48 Brigitte DUBOIS [email protected] Insa : Jean-Yves TOUSSAINT [email protected] Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés iv Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Ph.D. Thesis: Interactions between urban structures and air flows: Numerical study of the effects of urban morphology on the building wind environment and the related building energy loads Par : Lucie MERLIER Soutenue le: 04 septembre 2015 Équipe encadrante: Pr. Frédéric KUZNIK (Directeur) MCF. Gilles RUSAOUËN, Dr. Julien HANS Rapporteurs: Pr. Bert BLOCKEN, Dr. Marjorie MUSY Examinateurs: Pr. Peter MOONEN, Pr. Pierre SAGAUT (Président), MCF. Christian OBRECHT (Invité) Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés vi Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Có công mài s˘atcó´ ngày nên kim. - Vietnamese citation - Cette thèse est accessible à l'adresse : http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2015ISAL0070/these.pdf © [L. Merlier], [2015], INSA Lyon, tous droits réservés Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank my family for their every day support during these last three years, and during these last 29 years actually. Thank you very much Mum, Dad and Sweety! And thank you Benjamin for your support and help and for your understanding of the hazards of a Ph.D. student mood... (I am glad you are nearly an urban physics expert now!) I would also like to sincerely thank my supervisors Frédéric Kuznik, Gilles Rusaouën and Julien Hans, as well as Jean-Jacques Roux and Serge Salat for their valuable advice and the discussions we had during my Ph.D. thesis and before. I also wanted to warmly thank Christian Obrecht, for his help in proof checking my manuscript and all the valuable scientific, methodological and typographic advice he gave me, as well as for his prefectionism, coffees, funny T-shirts... 42 to sum up! Thank you very much to all the members of the jury too, Bert Blocken, Marjorie Musy, Pierre Sagaut and Peter Moonen for agreeing to review and discuss my first real work as a researcher, yet an apprentice. I am very glad and honored you participated on my jury. Your comments and advice on my work will certainly be of the utmost importance for my future carrier, during which, hopefully, I will be able to discuss urban physics issues with you again. I also wanted to express my gratefulness to all the persons I met during my Ph.D., who took some of their precious time to discuss my work and give me helpful advice, even though I already mentioned some of them in the previous paragraph, especially Thijs Defraeye, Peter Moonen, Bert Blocken, Emmanuel Bozonnet and Darren Robinson. I am also grateful to the CETHIL and the CSTB for providing the financial support without which this project would not have existed. Thank you to the CETHIL members for their warm welcome during these last few years, especially Dany and Jocelyn, the directors of the lab, for making my thesis possible and their consideration for Ph.D. students. I also wanted to thank Loic for making me appreciate SSH, command lines and the other “dark sides” of my work, as well as for still talking to me despite all my requests; Eric and Etienne, for their dynamic help on Paraview, Stéphane for his precious beamer templates; and Florence, Corrine(s), Christine, Rémy and Marilyn for their administrative support. Warmest thanks to all the Ph.D. students, post-docs and interns of the lab too, especially Ro- main, Sébastien, Carolina and my work guard teddy Furby with whom I mostly shared my office, Damien, Auline, Benjamin, Leon, Kim, Christophe, Philémon, Rémi, Ali, Roula, both Matthieu(s), Virginie, Céline, Quentin, Sylvain, Wei and Zakaria, as well as the senior members, especially Stéphane(s), Olivier(s), Jacques, Damien, Agnès, Abdelkrim, Ronnie, M’hamed, Magda, Joel and the others.

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