List of Entries Essays are shown in bold ▶ AAA ATPase ▶ Actin Polymerisation ▶ AAV ▶ Actin Related Proteins ▶ Abasic Site ▶ Action Potential ▶ ABCB1 ▶ Action Potential Backpropagation ▶ ABC Transporters ▶ Activation (of a Molecule) ▶ Absorption Coefficient ▶ Activators of G Protein Signaling ▶ Absorption Edge ▶ Active Site ▶ Absorptive Intestinal Cells ▶ Activin ▶ ACAMP ▶ Activin Receptor-Like Kinase ▶ Acamprosate ▶ Actomyosin ▶ Acantholysis ▶ ActR-IB/-IC ▶ Acanthosis ▶ ActR-IIA/-IIB ▶ Acceptor ▶ Acute Intermittent Porphyria ▶ Accessible Surface Area ULRICH GROSS ▶ ACE ▶ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ▶ ACE Inhibitor ▶ Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ▶ Acetabular Protrusion ▶ Acute Phase Proteins ▶ Acetal Linkage ▶ Acute Phase Reaction ▶ Acetyl Choline Esterase ▶ Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia ▶ AchE ▶ Acyltransferase ▶ Achondrogenesis ▶ AD ▶ Achondroplasia ▶ ADAM ▶ Acousto-Optical Filters ▶ Adaptive Immunity ▶ Acousto-Optical Modulator ▶ Adaptor Complexes ▶ Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter ▶ Adaptor Protein Complexes ▶ Acquired Immunity ▶ Adaptor Proteins ▶ Acquisition Time ▶ Addiction, Molecular Biology ▶ Acrocentric Chromosome WALTER ZIEGLGÄNSBERGER ▶ Acrosome ▶ Addison’s Disease ▶ Acrosome Reaction ▶ Adeno-Associated Virus ▶ ACTH ▶ Adenoma ▶ Actin ▶ Adenomas ▶ Actin Cytoskeleton ▶ Adenomatous Polyposis Coli RAJESH ARASADA,MICHAEL SCHLEICHER ▶ Adenylyl Cyclase ▶ Actin Filaments ▶ ADH 2042 List of Entries ▶ ADHD ▶ ALFPs ▶ Adherens Junction ▶ ALK YASUYUKI FUJITA,CATHERINE HOGAN ▶ Alkaline Phosphatase ▶ Adhesion Molecules ▶ Alkanethiol KERSTIN DANKER ▶ Alkyltransferases ▶ Adipogenesis BERND KAINA,MARKUS CHRISTMANN ▶ Adiponectin ▶ ALL ▶ Adjuvant ▶ Allele ▶ ADMET or ADME / Tox ▶ Allele-Specific ▶ Adoptee’s Family Studies ▶ Allelic Association ▶ ADPKD (Autosomal Dominant Polycystic ▶ Allelic Series Kidney Disease) ▶ Allergic Disorders, Genetics ▶ Adrenal Insufficiency ▶ Allergic Drug Reactions ▶ Adrenocorticotropin ▶ Allergy ▶ Adrenoleucodystrophy ▶ Allostery ▶ Adrenomyeloneuropathy ▶ Allotetraploid ▶ Adult Neurogenesis ▶ Allozygous ▶ Adult Onset Polycystic Kidney Disease ▶ Alpha-Antitrypsin ▶ Adult Stem Cells ▶ Alpha-Glucosidase/Alpha-Mannosidase ▶ AER ▶ Alpha-Helix (α-Helix) ▶ Affinity ▶ Alpha-Mannosidase ▶ Affinity Chromatography ▶ Alpha-Oxidation ▶ Affinity Chromatography and In Vitro ▶ Alpharetroviruses Binding (Beads) ▶ Alpharetroviruses CA (Capsid) KONRAD BÜSSOW ▶ Alpha-Tubulin / Beta-Tubulin ▶ Affinity Constant ▶ Alphoid DNA ▶ Affinity Separation ▶ Alternative Splicing ▶ Affinity Tag STEFAN STAMM ▶ Agarose ▶ Alu Repetitive Elements ▶ Aggrecan ▶ Aly/ REF ▶ Aggregation (Chimera) ▶ Alzheimer Dementia ▶ Aggregophore ▶ Alzheimer’s Disease ▶ Aging ULRICH FINCKH ▶ Agonist ▶ AMACR Deficiency ▶ Agouti ▶ Amadori Rearrangement ▶ AGS ▶ AME ▶ AGT ▶ AMH / MIS ▶ AHO ▶ AMHR-II ▶ AIDS ▶ Amide Bonds ▶ AJ ▶ Amide-Linkage ▶ Akt ▶ Amino Acids: Physicochemical Properties ▶ Alagille Syndrome EPHRAIM KATCHALSKI-KATZIR, ▶ Albright’s Hereditary Osteodystrophy RONI KASHER,MATI FRIDKIN ▶ Alcohol Abuse, Consequences ▶ AML ▶ ALD ▶ AMN ▶ Aldosterone ▶ AMP List of Entries 2043 ▶ Amphetamine ▶ Antibody Array ▶ Amphipathic ▶ Antibody Chip ▶ Amplification ▶ Antibody Cross Reactivity ▶ Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphic ▶ Anticipation Markers ▶ Anticodon ▶ Amygdala ▶ Anti-Craving Substances ▶ Amyloid ▶ Antigen ▶ Amyloidosis ▶ Antigen Expression ▶ Amyotrophy ▶ Antigen Receptors ▶ Analytical Ultracentrifugation ▶ Antimüllerian Hormone PETER SCHUCK ▶ Anti-Nuclear Autoantibodies ▶ Anaphase ▶ Antiparallel ▶ Anaphase Movement ▶ Antiretroviral Agents ▶ Anaphase Promoting Complex ▶ Antisense (Oligonucleotides) (APC)/Cyclosome ▶ Antisense RNA ▶ ANAs ▶ Antisera ▶ Anchorage Dependence/Independence ▶ AOM ▶ Androgen Insensitivity ▶ Aorta ▶ Androgen Receptor (Gene) ▶ AOTF ▶ Aneuploidy ▶ AP Endonuclease ▶ Angelman Syndrome ▶ AP–1 ▶ Angiofibroma ▶ APC ▶ Angiogenesis ▶ APC KARL H. PLATE ▶ APC/C ▶ Angiogenesis Factors ▶ APCI ▶ Angiogenesis-Dependent Diseases ▶ APH–1 ▶ Angiomyolipoma ▶ Apheresis ▶ Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ▶ Apical Ectodermal Ridge ▶ Ångström (Å) ▶ Apical Junctional Complex ▶ Animal Cap ▶ Apical Membrane ▶ Animal Model ▶ APL ▶ Anionic C-terminal Carboxylate ▶ APOE ▶ Ankyrin Repeat ▶ APO–2 ligand ▶ Anlage ▶ apoE Null (Mutant, Knockout) Mice ▶ Annotation ▶ Apolar ▶ Anomalous Diffraction, Anomalous Scattering ▶ Apolipoprotein ▶ Anomalous Scatterer ▶ Apoptosis ▶ Anomalous Scattering ▶ Apoptosis, Regulation and Clinical ▶ Anomer Implications ▶ ANT1 HANS-UWE SIMON, ▶ Antagonist UWE ZANGEMEISTER-WITTKE ▶ ANT-C ▶ Apoptosome ▶ Antennapedia Complex ▶ APP/App ▶ Anterior Horn Cells ▶ Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess ▶ Anthracyclines ▶ Appositional Growth ▶ Antibody ▶ APR 2044 List of Entries ▶ Aptamer ▶ Atrophia Gyrata ▶ Apurinic or Apyrimidinic (AP) Sites ▶ Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ▶ AQP2 ▶ Attenuation ▶ Aquaporin ▶ AUG Translational Start Site ▶ Aquaporin–2 ▶ AU-Rich Elements ▶ Arabinogalactan ▶ Aurora Kinases ▶ Arachnodactyly ▶ Autoantibody ▶ Archimedes Principle ▶ Autoantigen ▶ ARE ▶ Autocorrelation ▶ ARF ▶ Autocrine ▶ Armadillo ▶ Autogenous Translational Control ▶ Arp2/3 Complex ▶ Autoimmune Diseases ▶ Array WESTLEY H. REEVES ▶ ARS ▶ Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ▶ ARVs ▶ Autoimmunity ▶ Arylsulfatase A ▶ Autoinflammatory Disease ▶ Ashkenazi ▶ Automated High Throughput Functional ▶ Asn-Linked Glycosylation Characterization of Human Proteins ▶ Assembly DIETER LINK ▶ Assisted Reproduction ▶ Autonomic Nervous System ▶ Association ▶ Autonomous Transposable Element ▶ Association Studies ▶ Autonomously Replicating Sequence ▶ Association-Dissociation Equilibrium ▶ Autophosphorylation ▶ Aster ▶ Autosomal ▶ Asthma ▶ Autosomal Dominant (Inherited Disorder) ▶ Astral Microtubule ▶ Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia ▶ Astrocyte ▶ Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney ▶ Asymmetric Carbon Atom Disease ▶ Asymmetric Cell Division ▶ Autosomal Recessive (Disorder) ▶ Asymmetric Unit ▶ Autosomal Recessive Spinal Muscular ▶ Asynchronous Replication Atrophy ▶ Ataxia ▶ Autosome ▶ Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) ▶ Auxotrophic ▶ Ataxia Telangiectasia-Like Disease ▶ Avascular ▶ Ataxia Teleangiectasia Mutated Gene ▶ Avidin ▶ Atelosteogenesis ▶ Avidity/Affinity ▶ AT-LD ▶ Axial Element ▶ ATM ▶ Axin/Conductin ▶ Atomic Force Microscopy ▶ Axis Formation – Formation and Function FILIPP OESTERHELT of the Dorsal Organizer ▶ Atopy, Genetics MASAHIKO HIBI SABINE HOFFJAN ▶ Axon ▶ ATP ▶ Axon Guidance ▶ ATPase ▶ Axon Initial Segment ▶ ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters ▶ Axonal Outgrowth ▶ ATP-Dependent Nucleosome Remodelling ▶ B Lymphocyte List of Entries 2045 ▶ β-TrCP ▶ Beta-Catenin (β-Catenin) ▶ BAC ▶ Beta-Oxidation ▶ BAC Transgene ▶ Beta-Sheet Oligomers (β-Sheet Oligomer) ▶ Back-Projection ▶ Beta-Sheet Structure (β-Sheet Structure) ▶ Bacterial Artificial Chromosome ▶ Beta-Tubulin ▶ Bacteriophage ▶ bHLH ▶ Bacteriophage Display ▶ bHLH Transcription Factors ▶ Bacteriophage Lambda ▶ Biallelic ▶ Bacteriophage Surface Display ▶ Bicistronic ▶ Bait ▶ Bijvoet Difference ▶ Balancer Chromosome ▶ Bile Acids ▶ Balbiani Ring mRNP ▶ Bile Ducts (Choledochus) ▶ Band Keratopathy ▶ Biliary Atresia ▶ Baroreceptor Reflex/Baroreflex ▶ Bimolecular Process ▶ Barr Body ▶ Binary GAL4-Expression System ▶ Basal Cell Carcinoma ▶ Binding Affinity ▶ Basal Ganglia ▶ Binding Isotherm ▶ Basal Promoter ▶ Bio-Beads ▶ Base Excision Repair ▶ Biochemical Engineering of Glycoproteins MARIA KARTALOU,LEONA D. SAMSON RÜDIGER HORSTKORTE ▶ Basement Membrane (BM) ▶ Biochip ▶ Base-Pairs (bp) ▶ Biochip Technology ▶ Basic Helix-Loop-Helix ▶ Bioconjugation ▶ Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ▶ Bioethics ▶ Basic-Region-Leucine Zipper ▶ Biogerontology ▶ Basolateral Domain ▶ Bioinformatics ▶ Batch Entrez ▶ Biological Membranes ▶ BC1/BC100 THOMAS POMORSKI,ANDREAS HERRMANN ▶ BCC ▶ Biologicals ▶ B-Cell Epitope ▶ Biologics ▶ Bcl–2/Bcl–xL ▶ Biomarker ▶ B-CLL ▶ Biomimetic Ligands ▶ BCR-ABL ▶ Biopanning ▶ BCRP ▶ Biopharmaceuticals ▶ BCYRN1 ▶ Biosensors ▶ BDNF ▶ Bipartite NLS ▶ Bead Models ▶ Bipolar Affective Disorder ▶ Beads MARKUS M. NÖTHEN,SVEN CICHON, ▶ Becker Muscular Dystrophy CHRISTINE SCHMÄL,MARCELLA RIETSCHEL ▶ Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome ▶ Bispecific Antibodies ▶ BER ▶ Bithorax Complex (BX-C) ▶ Bernard-Soulier Syndrome ▶ BLAST ▶ Beta Adrenergic Blocker ▶ BLAST Link ▶ Beta2-Syntrophin/Utrophin Complex ▶ Blastocyst ▶ Beta-Amyloid (β-Amyloid) ▶ Blastocyst Injection ▶ Beta-Blocker (β-Blocker) ▶ Blastomere 2046 List of Entries ▶ BLink ▶ Bud Neck ▶ Blocked 5′ Structure ▶ Bullous (Blistering) ▶ Blocks ▶ Bullous Impetigo ▶ Bloom Syndrome ▶ BX-C EBERHARD PASSARGE ▶ bZip ▶ Blotting ▶ bZIP Proteins ▶ BMP ▶ C Type Lectin Domain ▶ BMPR-IA/-IB ▶ C. Elegans ▶ BMPR–II ▶ C. elegans Genome, Comparative ▶ Boc Chemistry Sequencing ▶ Bone and Cartilage JAGAN SRINIVASAN,RALF J. SOMMER CHRISTINE HARTMANN ▶ C2H2 Zinc Finger Gene ▶ Bone Disease and Skeletal Disorders, ▶ C57BL/6J Genetics ▶ CAAX-Box STEFAN MUNDLOS ▶ CADASIL ▶ Bone Lining Cell ▶ Cadherins ▶ Bone Marrow AKIRA NAGAFUCHI, MASATOSHI TAKEICHI ▶ Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ▶ caenorhabditis elegans ▶ Bootstrapping ▶ Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model ▶ Boundary Conditions Organism for Functional Genomics ▶ Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ADAM ANTEBI ▶ Brachydactyly ▶ Caged Compound ▶ Bragg's Law ▶ Caging Group ▶ Brain ▶ Calcified INGO BECHMANN ▶ Calcium Release Channel ▶ Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ▶ Calnexin ▶ Branchial Arches ▶ Calpain 10 ▶ BRCA ▶ Calreticulin ▶ BRCA1 ▶ Camel as a Model for Functional Genomics ▶ BRCA2 DIRK SAERENS,MIREILLE PELLIS, ▶ BRCT Domain CÉCILE VINCKE,ELS