GSEM: War and Peace in the Ancient World Annette M. Baertschi / Fall 2009 Astrid Lindenlauf Preliminary Schedule of Readings and Lectures Note: This is a tentative syllabus, and subject to change or revision by the instructors. WEEK 1 INTRODUCTION: THE STUDY OF WAR September 3 ▪ Introduction and Overview ▪ Topics: approaches to war, ideologies of war, warfare in the classical world, perceptions in art and literature, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. H. van Wees, “Warfare and Society”, in: The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, Vol. 1: Greece, the Hellenistic World and the Rise of Rome, ed. P. Sabin, H. van Wees, and M. Whitby (2007), 273–299 2. T. Hölscher, “Images of War in Greece and Rome: Between Military Practice, Public Memory, and Cultural Symbolism”, Journal of Roman Studies 93 (2003), 1–17 3. P. J. Holliday, “Scenes of Battle, Emblems of Conquest”, in: The Origins of Roman Historical Commemoration in the Visual Arts (2002), 63–121 4. J. Cobet, “Herodotus and Thucydides on War”, in: Past Perspectives. Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing, ed. I. S. Moxon, J. D. Smart, and A. J. Woodman (1986), 1–18 5. P. A. Brunt, “Laus Imperii”, in: Roman Imperial Themes, ed. P. A. Brunt (1990), 288–323 6. H. Sidebottom, “Philosophers’ Attitudes to Warfare under the Principate”, in: War and Society in the Roman World, ed. J. Rich and G. Shipley (1993), 241–264 ▪ Further Readings: 1. A. Cohen, “The Battle between Darius and Alexander; The First Level of Existence”, in: The Alexander Mosaic. Stories of Victory and Defeat (1997), 83–142 2. I. M. Ferris, “Image and Reality”, in: Enemies of Rome. Barbarians Through Roman Eyes (2000), 148–177 WEEK 2 INTRODUCTION: THE STUDY OF WAR (CONT.) September 10 ▪ Topics: war and masculinity, women and war, self and other, foreign war vs. civil war, aristocratic vs. democratic warfare, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. D. Ogden, “Homosexuality and Warfare in Ancient Greece”, in: Battle in Antiquity, ed. A. B. Lloyd (1996), 107–168 2. K. Dowden, “The Amazons: Development and Functions”, Rheinisches 1 GSEM: War and Peace in the Ancient World Annette M. Baertschi / Fall 2009 Astrid Lindenlauf Museum für Philologie 140 (1997), 97–128 3. E. Hall, “Asia Unmanned: Images of Victory in Classical Athens”, in: War and Society in the Greek World, ed. J. Rich and G. Shipley (1993), 108–133 4. I. M. Ferris, “The Enemy Within”, in: Enemies of Rome. Barbarians Through Roman Eyes (2000), 119–147 5. A. N. Sherwin-White, “The Northern Barbarians in Strabo and Caesar”, “Tacitus and the Barbarians”, in: Racial Prejudice in Imperial Rome (1967), 1–61 6. H. van Wees, “Homeric Warfare”, in: A New Companion to Homer, ed. I. Morris and B. Powell (1997), 668–693 7. V. Hanson, “Democratic Warfare, Ancient and Modern”, in: War and Democracy. A Comparative Study of the Korean War and the Peloponnesian War, ed. B. Strauss and D. McCann (2001), 3–33 8. K. Raaflaub, “Father of All – Destroyer of All: War in Late Fifth- Century Athenian Discourse and Ideology”, in: War and Democracy. A Comparative Study of the Korean War and the Peloponnesian War, ed. B. Strauss and D. McCann (2001), 307–356 ▪ Further Readings: 1. E. Hall, “The Barbarian Enters Myth”, in: Inventing the Barbarian. Greek Self-Definition Through Tragedy (1989), 101–159 2. L. Rawlings, “Caesar’s Portrayal of Gauls as Warriors”, in: Julius Caesar as Artful Reporter. The War Commentaries as Political Instruments, ed. K. Welch and A. Powell (1998), 171–192 3. K. Clarke, “An Island Nation: Re-Reading Tacitus’ Agricola”, Journal of Roman Studies 91 (2001), 94–112 4. P. Heather, “The Barbarian in Late Antiquity: Image, Reality, and Transformation”, in: Constructing Identities in Late Antiquity, ed. R. Miles (1999), 234–258 WEEK 3 INTRODUCTION: THE STUDY OF PEACE: GREECE September 17 ▪ Topics: concepts, notions and theories of peace, criteria and strategies for peace, peace time, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. M. Defourny, “The Aim of the State: Peace”, in: Articles on Aristotle. 2. Ethics and Politics, ed. J. Barnes, M. Schofield, and R. Sorabji (1977), 195–201 2. K. Raaflaub, “Introduction: Searching for Peace in the Ancient World”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 1– 33 3. L. A. Tritle, “War and Peace Among the Greeks”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 172–190 4. D. Konstan, “War and Reconciliation in Greek Literature”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 191–205 5. C. L. Lawton, “Attic Votive Reliefs and the Peloponnesian War”, in: 2 GSEM: War and Peace in the Ancient World Annette M. Baertschi / Fall 2009 Astrid Lindenlauf Art in Athens During the Peloponnesian War, ed. O. Palagia (2009), 66–93 ▪ Further Readings: 1. K. Raaflaub, “Homer and Thucydides on Peace and Just War”, in: Experiencing War. Trauma and Society in Ancient Greece and Today, ed. M. B. Cosmopoulos (2007), 81–94 2. M. Ostwald, “Peace and War in Plato and Aristotle”, Scripta Classica Israelica 15 (1996), 102–118 WEEK 4 INTRODUCTION: THE STUDY OF PEACE: ROME September 24 ▪ Topics: concepts, notions and theories of peace, criteria and strategies for peace, pax Romana, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. G. Woolf, “Roman Peace”, in: War and Society in the Roman World, ed. J. Rich and G. Shipley (1993), 171–194 2. N. Rosenstein, “War and Peace, Fear and Reconciliation at Rome”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 226– 244 3. C. A. Barton, “The Price of Peace in Ancient Rome”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 245–255 4. J. Blair DeBrohun, “The Gates of War (and Peace): Roman Literary Perspectives”, in: War and Peace in the Ancient World, ed. K. A. Raaflaub (2007), 256–277 5. P. J. Holliday,“Time, History and Ritual on the Ara Pacis Augustae”, Art Bulletin 72 (1990), 542–557 6. D. Cloud, “Roman Poetry and Anti-Militarism”, in: War and Society in the Roman World, ed. J. Rich and G. Shipley (1993), 113–138 ▪ Further Readings: 1. M. J. Strazzulla, “War and Peace: Housing the Ara Pacis in the Eternal City”, American Journal of Archaeology Online 113 (2009) WEEK 5 COMMEMORATION OF WAR AND PEACE: GREECE October 1 ▪ Topics: burial places (Marathon), grave monuments and funerary art, “memorial spaces”, private and public, historiography of ancient warfare, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. S. Hornblower, “Warfare in Ancient Literature: The Paradox of War”, in: The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, Vol. 1: Greece, the Hellenistic World and the Rise of Rome, ed. P. Sabin, H. van Wees, and M. Whitby (2007), 22–81 2. B. Bosworth, “Thucydides and the Unheroic Dead”, in: Art in Athens During the Peloponnesian War, ed. O. Palagia (2009), 168–187 3 GSEM: War and Peace in the Ancient World Annette M. Baertschi / Fall 2009 Astrid Lindenlauf 3. H. R. Goette, “Images in the Athenian ‘Demosion Semac’ ” , in: Art in Athens During the Peloponnesian War, ed. O. Palagia (2009), 188–206 4. H. R. Goette and T. M. Weber, Marathon. Siedlungskammer und Schlachtfeld – Sommerfrische und Olymische Wettkampfstätte (2004), 78–85 5. J. M. Hurwit, “The Problem with Dexileos: Heroic and Other Nudities in Greek Art”, American Journal of Archaeology 111 (2007), 35–60 6. E. Rice, “The Glorious Dead: Commemoration of the Fallen and Portrayal of Victory in the Late Classical and Hellenistic World”, in: War and Society in the Greek World, ed. J. Rich and G. Shipley (1993), 224–257 ▪ Further Readings: 1. C. W. Clairmont, Classical Attic Tombstones (1993) 2. J. H. Oakley, Picturing Death in Classical Athens (2004) 3. G. J. Oliver, The Epigraphy of Death (2000) 4. L. Parlama, “Palaiologou Shaft, Athens”, in: The City Beneath the City. Antiquities From the Metropolitan Railway Excavations, ed. L. Parlama and N. C. Stampolidis (2001), 396–399 5. R. Stupperich. Staatsbegräbnis und Privatgrabmal im klassischen Athen, Ph.D. Münster (1977) WEEK 6 COMMEMORATION OF WAR AND PEACE: ROME October 8 ▪ Topics: “memorial spaces”, private and public, triumph, historiography of ancient warfare, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. M. Beard, “The Impact of the Triumph”, in: The Roman Triumph (2007), 42–71 2. M. Beard, “Constructions and Reconstructions”, in: The Roman Triumph (2007), 72–106 3. P. J. Holliday, “Images of Triumph”, in: The Origins of Roman Historical Commemoration in the Visual Arts (2002), 22–62 4. P. J. Holliday, “Funerary Commemorations”, in: The Origins of Roman Historical Commemoration in the Visual Arts (2002), 122–154 5. P. J. E. Davies, “The Politics of Perpetuation. Trajan’s Column and the Art of Commemoration”, American Journal of Archaeology 101 (1997), 41–65 ▪ Further Readings: 1. T. Corey Brennan, “Triumphus in Monte Albano“, in: Transitions to Empire. Essays in Greco-Roman History, 360-146 B.C. in Honor of E. Badian, ed. R. W. Wallace and E. M. Harris (1996), 315–337 2. A. Powell, “Julius Caesar and the Presentation of Massacre”, in: Julius Caesar as Artful Reporter. The War Commentaries as Political Instruments, ed. K. Welch and A. Powell (1998), 111–137 3. B. A. Kellum, “What We See and What We Don’t See. Narrative 4 Annette M. Baertschi / GSEM: War and Peace in the Ancient World Astrid Lindenlauf Structure and the Ara Pacis Augustae”, Art History 17 (1994), 46–58 WEEK 7 October 10–18 FALL BREAK – NO SEMINAR! WEEK 8 ARCHAEOLOGY OF WARFARE: BATTLEFIELDS October 22 ▪ Topics: individual battlefields (Marathon, Teutoburg Forest, etc.), battlefields as “memorial spaces”, etc. ▪ Core Readings: 1. C. Hein, “Hiroshima: The Atomic Bomb and Kenzo Tange's Hiroshima Peace Center”, in Out of Ground Zero: Case Studies in Urban Reinvention, ed.