Intensive CCITYLABITYLAB INTENSIVE rreadereader MOBILITY SOUTHWEST ‘BOSTON’S PEOPLE POWER COORIDOR: MAKES HISTORY’ 17 HEALTH ‘CITIES ALIVE: WALKING A TOWARDS WORLD’ 05 NUMBER 7-R IN-SITU READINGS: FRAMING URBAN EXPLORATIONS INDEX FIVE DESIGN LENSES 03 #LongViewBAC THE LONG VIEW VIEW THE LONG ISSUE The BAC aims to provide excellence in design education emerging from practice and accessible to diverse communities. The college’s vision is to be the recognized leader in the education of design professionals, connecting theory and practice and engaging educators, practitioners, allied professions, and the general public. Boston Architectural College. 2018 Edited By: Beth Lundell Garver Photography: Bonica Ayala, Sam Rosenholtz, Liz Linder Photography Text: Gil Sans, Adobe Garamond Pro 0 00_INDEX 0 _ I N D E X 01 HEALTH & HUMAN COMFORT _05 Cities Alive: Towards a Walking World by ARUP (2016) 02 MOBILITY _17 Boston’s Southwest Corridor: People Power Makes History by Neal R. Peirce & Robert Guskind in Breakthroughs: Re-Creating the American City (Bruner Foundation, 1989) 03 OPEN SPACE _31 The Park at Post Offi ce Square, Boston, MA by Jay Farbstein and Richard Wener in Rebuilding Communities: Re-Creating Urban Excellence (Rudy Bruner Award for Excellence in the Urban Environment, 1993) 04 BUILT FORM & DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS _43 Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative, Boston, MA by Lance Hosey and Jay Farbstein and Richard Wener in Building Coalitions for Urban Excellence (Rudy Bruner Award for Excellence in the Urban Environment, 1995) 05 CULTURE & SOCIAL SPACE _53 Remembering by Peter Medoof and Holly Sklar in Streets of Hope: The Fall and Rise of an Urban Neighborhood (South End Press, 1994) Boston Architectural College | CityLab Intensive Reader 3 BostonBoston Architectural College | CityLabCityLab Intensive Reader 4 01_HEALTH 01_HEALTH HEALTHHEALTH + HUMAN COMFORT READINGREADING TowTTo ardrds a walkilking wororld CitiesCities Alive:Alive: Towards a Walking World byby ARUP (2016) URL Source: https://www.arup.com/perspectives/publications/https://www.arup.com/perspectives/publications/ research/section/cities-alive-towards-a-walking-worldresearch/section/cities-alive-towards-a-walking-world BostonBoston Architectural CollegeCollege | CityLabCityLab Intensive Reader 5 ([HFXWLYHVXPPDU\ In our mission to shape a better world we must shape better walking to be placed at the heart of all decisions about the built FLWLHV:LWKQHDUO\RIWKHZRUOG¶VSRSXODWLRQVHWWROLYH HQYLURQPHQWDVZDONDEOHFLWLHVDUHEHWWHUFLWLHVIRUHYHU\RQH LQXUEDQDUHDVE\WKHTXDOLW\RIOLIHH[SHULHQFHGE\WKLV :HQHHGWRGHVLJQSK\VLFDODFWLYLW\EDFNLQWRRXUHYHU\GD\ SRSXODWLRQZLOOGHWHUPLQHRXUJOREDOIXWXUH,WLVLQFUHDVLQJO\ lives by incentivising and facilitating walking as a regular daily cities, more than national governments, that have the power to tackle climate change, fuel the global economy, deliver PRGHRIWUDQVSRUW,QDGGLWLRQWRWKHKRVWRIKHDOWKEHQH¿WV WKHUHDUHPDQ\HFRQRPLFEHQH¿WVIRUGHYHORSHUVHPSOR\HUVDQG SURVSHULW\DQGDOOHYLDWHSRYHUW\1:LWKWKHDGYHQWRIVRFLDO media and the growth of the global middle class, urban citizens UHWDLOHUVZKHQLWFRPHVWRZDONLQJ,WLVWKHORZHVWFDUERQOHDVW polluting, cheapest and most reliable form of transport, and have greater power than ever to stop or start projects, choose where they live, work and invest and demand a better quality of LVDOVRDJUHDWVRFLDOOHYHOOHU+DYLQJSHRSOHZDONLQJWKURXJK urban spaces makes the spaces safer for others and, best of all, it OLIH PDNHVSHRSOHKDSS\ Intrinsic to the success of cities and the quality of life they RIIHULVKRZSHRSOHPRYHDURXQGZLWKLQWKHP,QWKHWZHQWLHWK Left: Towards a walking world, FHQWXU\SODQQLQJIRUWKHFLW\ZDVDERXWSODQQLQJIRUWKHFDU EHQH¿WVRIZDONLQJ In this report we make the case for policies that encourage vision & strategy / benefit framework 50 drivers of change covering social, safe & efficient transportation system / technological, economic, environmental and political domains. 50 benefits political 50 drivers of change 50 benefits that should be achievable and demonstrable by environmental / / environmental Cities Alive / environment liveable quantitative and qualitative Towards a measurements. social walking world economic / economic 40 environmental sense of place & communities / actions technological / / technological 40 actions and policies to address the political complexity of urban issues social / 80 through 5 lenses. case studies 80 smart & responsive city responsive smart & case studies from across the world to inspire us all towards a walking world. Towards a walking world framework benefits and actions the research framework consists of 50 the diagram summarises the interrelation drivers of change, 50 benefits, 40 actions between walkability’s benefits and and 80 global case studies suggested implementable actions. Boston Architectural College | CityLab Intensive Reader 6 This report, Cities Alive: Towards a walking world, shines to do with virtuous cycles, ecosystem services, liveability and DOLJKWRQZDONLQJZKLFKLVDOOWRRRIWHQWDNHQIRUJUDQWHG WUDQVSRUWDWLRQHI¿FLHQF\DQGSROLWLFDOEHQH¿WVDVVRFLDWHGZLWK It investigates the role walkability plays in developing more leadership, urban governance, sustainable development and OLYHDEOHVXVWDLQDEOHKHDOWK\VDIHDQGDWWUDFWLYHFLWLHV SODQQLQJRSSRUWXQLWLHV 7RVHWWKHFRQWH[WGULYHUVRIFKDQJHDUH¿UVWO\RXWOLQHG 7KHYDULRXVGLPHQVLRQVRIZDONDEOHFLWLHVDUHH[SORUHGWKURXJK structured around the STEEP framework, covering social, DVHWRILQWHUYLHZVZLWKOHDGLQJWKLQNHUVLQWKLV¿HOG±H[SHUWV WHFKQRORJLFDOHFRQRPLFHQYLURQPHQWDODQGSROLWLFDOGRPDLQV from Gehl Architects, the University of Hong Kong, Arup, 7KHVHH[SORUHJOREDOWUHQGVWKDWDUHVKDSLQJWKHIXWXUHRIRXU 3URMHFWIRU3XEOLF6SDFHVDQGWKH&LW\RI$XFNODQG FLWLHV 0RYLQJWRZDUGVDZDONLQJZRUOGUHTXLUHVDFWLRQV7KHVH $OLVWRIEHQH¿WVRIZDONLQJWKDWVKRXOGEHDFKLHYDEOHLQ DFWLRQVFRQFHUQYLVLRQVDQGVWUDWHJLHVVDIHDQGHI¿FLHQW PRVWFRQWH[WVDQGGHPRQVWUDEOHE\TXDQWLWDWLYHDQGTXDOLWDWLYH transport systems, creating liveable environments, a sense of PHDVXUHPHQWVLVWKHQSUHVHQWHG6RFLDOEHQH¿WVVXFKDVKHDOWK SODFHDQGFRPPXQLW\DQGVPDUWDQGUHVSRQVLYHFLWLHV7KH and wellbeing, safety, social cohesion, social equality; economic SUDFWLFDOLW\RIWKHVHDFWLRQVLVLOOXVWUDWHGE\DVHULHVRIFDVH EHQH¿WVLQFOXGLQJWKHORFDOHFRQRP\FLW\DWWUDFWLYHQHVV VWXGLHVIURPDFURVVWKHZRUOG7KHVHVKRZZKDWFDQEHDFKLHYHG XUEDQUHJHQHUDWLRQDQGFRVWVDYLQJVHQYLURQPHQWDOEHQH¿WV DQGDUHGHVLJQHGWRLQVSLUHXVDOOWRZDUGVDZDONLQJZRUOG areas of benefit areas of action single actions Car-free initiatives “Vision zero” policies Pedestrian and health campaigns Local champions Pop-up and temporary initiatives Economic incentives Safety Virtuous cycles Density and mixed functions Placemaking Walkable connectivity Pedestrian streets vision and strategy Social Cohesion and Equality Road share Integration with public transport Road diet Health and Wellbeing Safe crosswalks and intersections safe and efficient Traffic calming measures transportation system Improved signage Local Economy Infrastructure re-use Urban Regeneration Innovative public spaces Greenways and blueways City Attractiveness Pocket parks liveable environment Parklets Cost Saving Street design and furniture Ecosystem Services Microclimate measures Virtuous Cycles Active facades sense of place Open street events Liveability and communities Public art DIY opportunities Transport Efficiency Street fairs and markets Leadership Heritage promotion smart and responsive city Redundant spaces reallocation Urban Governance Urban nightscape Inclusive design Sustainable Development Playful interactive environment New modes of city exploration Planning Opportunity Wayfinding systems Accessibility and inclusivity Sensing of people and environment Mapping safety City monitoring Digital evaluation tools Boston Architectural College | CityLab Intensive Reader 7 Actions “Artists, philosophers, urban planners and architects have been GUHDPLQJZULWLQJDERXWDQGGUDZLQJµLGHDOFLWLHV¶IRUKXQGUHGV visions and strategies: series of urban policies, involving of years...In most of these visions the pedestrian is the measure of city plan policies and innovative interventions, promoting a ideal urban spaces.” diffused walkable approach to the city; VDIHDQGHI¿FLHQWWUDQVSRUWDWLRQV\VWHPVLQWHUYHQWLRQVWKDW —Tracy D. Writes, “Pedestrians’ Quality Needs”, European Cooperation in Science and Technology operate on a city’s infrastructure providing an improved street network; creating liveable environments: set of actions that affects 0RYLQJWRZDUGVDZDONLQJZRUOGUHTXLUHVDFWLRQV*LYLQJ areas of action the urban quality, re-designing public space on the basis of FRQVLVWHQF\WRWKHODUJHVSHFWUXPRIEHQH¿WVLGHQWL¿HGZRXOG pedestrians’ priorities; QHHGWKHGH¿QLWLRQRIDKROLVWLFZDONDEOHVWUDWHJ\(UJRKRZWR vision and strategy VWDUW" safe and efficient sense of place and community: strategies and proposals to transportation system encourage the active and emotional participation of citizen The Walkable CityLVDFLW\WKDWSXWVSHRSOH¿UVWDQGVKDSHVLWVHOI livable environment in everyday urban life; LQDFFRUGDQFHWRLWVFLWL]HQV¶QHHGVDQGGHVLUHV7KHUHIRUHWR sense of place and DGGUHVVWKHFRPSOH[LW\RIWKHXUEDQLVVXHVDNDOHLGRVFRSLFVHW smart and responsive cities: technological tools and communities RIDFWLRQVDQGSROLFLHVLVUHTXLUHGGLYHUVL¿HGERWKE\QDWXUHDQG innovative approaches contributing to a city’s monitoring smart and responsive city GLPHQVLRQ7KHVHDFWLRQVFRQFHUQ DQGHYDOXDWLRQ Dig Sensing of people a ital e es i ic valuation City mon pol o” Mappi er Accessibility and incl tools nd envir i n tori strian and health campaigns g e s n initiatives Car-free champions a g “Vision z fet al onme Ped c and temporary