'-'.t ' j., 'S ■ ■ Memorandum of Evidence ........ 1 Appendices ............................................. 23 a) Sotea on Systems of Government. In d ia ........................................................................... 23 Pakistan ....... ........ ......... ........................ ......... 27 Gallon ............ 29 Burma ....................... ......... ......... 31 Malaya....... ............................ ........................... 33 3intjapore................... ......... 35 Australia ............................. 36 Sew Zealand ..... 2.............................................. 37 - Jiorael.......................... ................................. 38 Jamaica..................... .........................39 ftatal prior to Union ............................. .............. 40 b) Pa«t Institute decisions (not included for the ffioinenty -brtract from Findings of Council 194S Correspondence with Prime Minister, 1950, RB.IO3/50 The Coloured Franchise RE.6/ 51 Pamphlets (tnolosed) (not included for the moment). “White Civilisation"* by E.S.Harria "Demooracy in Jlulti—racial.('ulti-racial Societies'’,Societies", byhy L.M.TL.M.Thompson. "The Cape Coloured Franchise’’, by L.li. Thompson. — £0 forward in faith”, hy 4uintin flhyte. "The politicalPo litical Status of Won-KuropeansMon-iiuropeans in SouthernSouth Africa” , hy rfuriel Horrell. ■ rgtf* - -SV/VV ' hr- - • ' A j.; • f ■* •' r ■'a > ’’ ,.kv‘‘ .- /S i ■ “ Draft of evia<5«c? to be p r a « « t a d te. tne Ccwuaatdwi to enquire into the -Subject Hattar of the Separate Kepraeentatiojs of Voters Act yalldatioffffisgiiwaflt * 3 1 !- . r v j ; :1km. South African Institute Of 3ace Kel&tiene o»s •etablished 2 5 yeare ago to work for peaoa, goodwill and practical . l\ ■ ■co-operation between the various section** of the population. It . * has not been connected with any political party ainee its inception • •A-.'/'V ' ' ' ;*■.•■, -- |,r>•■ ■.> y:<^rt.••>'• ' -- •'A'- :V ■ ■'* ' aL' • ' ■ ■ ''Ji’" ” nor has it baa# tiad to any party-politeal doctrine. I t s work ■ Vv h u baaa paraaatad by the fvndaaantal prinoiplee of Christian living •Vand by the values basic to Western Civilisation, Its wetboda bava ■ P ® -Hffl. PP * . ^ r. .JJH 5-^,-S ^ ^ - -rv bam research and investigation, the objective analysis of faots so obtained, end reeoaaendations based on such analysis. The Institute is <iape»d«it upon voluntary public subscriptions for its *7 support. It «Kwb:?rs*ip, of over is cunyceei of all r*<ual groups and it has affiliated to it municipalities, church©a, aieaions, univaraitiwa, welfare and a variety of other organisations. :0 _ # b U * ... paying special attention to undor-privllegad and culturally backward groups, it Aas sought the welfare of all groups, for it believes V that the intor-d»pena«noe of troupe in South Africa is euoh that the ■; " vih *, welfare and progress of that SonHCaropaaa groups is «M«ttUal to the • progress sad j»ro«perity of all South Africans. ■ . , 'S§lp, ; j.*. AolMjinf'Tx >. i\ o ft - i- a - . .• In preaacting this aewora^dua the Institute aake* certain which it beUavaa are -ooritsoB ground ft>r all Jiouth Africans of whatever colour* tb-’se are, - f:;.u " (a) That all groups la the eountry are concerned to oaintain end advanca ^estem Christian Civiliaal -0 k i < T M J : A frica. " r T; 2:- - -i'H- •••*'il'l. • .. ■ ,X':' -'VVE ‘ -/■: “V : _ r , . f (b ) That a ll (groups believe in the valves of 4 M # The first aesuaptioa involves the aeesptanae that J civilisation aeans a moral and political order evolved for the ocaraon i^ood and each that eacb »s«ber in i*ociety bae the opportunity f « “ tbe fullest devaloateenVaf hi a capacities and personality. Hr-elao inturyMa the helU fjtftat aach civilisation will be ii^fwraed and paraeated fay the principles of Chri*Uan living, nataely, the brother- hood of man in its Ccristian interpretation, the value of the : individual and his potentialities, and the e<4«*ality of the talus of each Aan*s ijersonality, however different his fusetitna and oapabililies in society way be. -h MM . ‘ v' . '• • . • . • • 1,.^,:,:..'-"' ■ '«•* Vi ,,‘v • . involve* ths suscaptane* of the ?eco.pltiun of . »r*ional raapon e & k 11 ty t the in-U aper.v.AbllMI^ #f ‘ iiaou saion aa an A tflM M ta to to* acceptance tuo word of ■-?,: ' ■ --- --- * ■ ■ ■ • • j. ■ < F t f - -■•• *u*kO«itj, the e.i»*UtS «f educational* econoaie and woral opportunity to mil, «K4 the aoe*i>t?me* of the impartial of Law* (of. 3avn«, ??hite Civilisation attacked.) The Institute hollowe* the aainteeumfjio afid p r o ^ jBB of ■’White* Civilisation in Sw*tfe Afrio* requires the reco^ition TV?-. ’ • of those and ether i*n*lioit valuee. t/C- i;'' ■ •• ■ „<gr « a Soutli .ifriea olaima ftat# H U unique i« the ostwrn ,orld. Thi* u»ii4uane#a oonslate of -fbo exiatenco of different ethnic and other ®W»#n* differing c«lturea» the undeveloped not re of th* aalority of it* papulati«M and th* f*ot that - - tsft ••*#•&.•• . m r p s r i o t ainori V whom initiative h&» feeeft largely * raaponaifclo for .«» ece&oaie, jolitioal and aoral. * iffiflr ' country and the *voluti<» of South ±moa to «*ti<* otatu*. , fhere are other *>ver#i*jB etatee in toe world whicft haare fltH,*** resulting f*oa the WEietawee of different ethnic, r*i J o ^ y m other groaji* wlthi* thoo, hat i* theoe, the nui«wfioaUy «perior ™ ' ^ ■ ■■-' • *r>7W^ • 'tp|A I ^ • In SSeutb A frica, i i i » the hoXde political power, and the lagrr— m ~ X0 * * l m orioea aa te the e*tont each cultural ^o *^rrty can be M ^ r d o d aa a fnctor smie^ *aot he t d » ifttc ooeeunii i * tfco / : / ijsplio ition of te®0CT*0jf in a uni tury atate and in tho wioldins of | j [ ^ | political wormt* i » homogenooua ocoi*tioe in tfce i»ast, tae faW g ; aK»lioutiaB of the rieaocratio procedure hao involTed the principle of *o«« «an eao vote '.i ohat ortoat i» tfcio • valid deaoorntic principle in a aal ti~roo*«i» eelf-yproanUif o i^ uador«»l»?oa -ftWi to a wwMtaoal ainority of a a«po»or ouituro _ koi.dititi power? ttljf/*«♦ • ■ • ’ Hecentiy , in otii„r ?**$■ of the world there oas been mush constitutional oxpcrimen t*tion - in India, fcuraa, Ceyleng, in other African territories u*d *1 a q p & r & . Jfanyof thee# experiments, whether in ls4*$wad«at countries tar in dependent territories such aa those la A frica, hare arisen from the desire to' apply A stern democratic principles to .societies in which there « * • variety of races or of jt? i • * * .. ~ religious in terests without Western democratic tra il ti oris, or ehsre ' there are culturally backward peoples* In independent countries suoh • I ■ * experiments or adaptations ef traditional democracy have bean aads with V i a view to protecting t&e ioter*sts of numerical minorities and soeurins their adequate representation in the affaire of the country concerned* i In dependant territories such as British pofl^ssions in Africa with a • settled whits minority* the attempt is being node to reooneile the civilised and economic, interests of euoh a minority with the demands e ■■I ef a culturally be ok ward hat numerically stronger group and at the same , time direct events towards the attainment of the ultimate objective of -astern democratic self-governmont* Such experiaahts have taken the •j .-r' ■ . * form of the reservation of seats, or of communal representation, or of adaptations of the common franchise in such ways ss to secure the •mm -O representation ef oul turally minor or sectional interests. South a Y\ Africa itself has h a u the application of the ;riroa&le of the common roil ijt^the Cape prior be l<?i$, the establishment of a differentiated hurt ooaaon franchise aftwr lyl'Q, the application of a oommuaal franchise with the Sepres^afeatica ef Satives ant of l§36 sad the Aaiatio Sepre— : ; 0 r ? m aawtttticm or.'l Land Tenure Act ef 1946, and tu»%ne%ual loading of constituencies aa between town arA country* Feople **th power very seldom, i f ever, wish to give it up or abare it *ith others* IStis is true of the position of imperial pwwera in Africa sad is particularly true where snch ruling powers . have a settled ruling minority in «uch territories* ./ Reluctance to Ci'ifu.-i uf^Ti t j." . rfhara each power finds aaay . Justification^ »— the African psople are & s' illiterate! thay Know little or nothing of the worknge and ; •- conventions/..** •j/ chriatiaaity civilisation if they to power} the oountry would rctroj^aa aeonoaiu *lly, there vrould &« a >acegenation wad so on. , there is a curtain validity in many of the arguaents so put • •• 0 <U ImJt*^ & ^A;V* forward but the fact is that mok powr is shared. Peoples* /'•• • .;• v . ^ • - ;A.v,. # f e ic aotives ere aired and the appreciation that activwa are coaple* * * £ £it /WVtt ia a batter baaia fro® v&ich to work than a belief that the aotivea are eiaple and uncomplicated. Man ia not aaralj an economic or IKcr«J' „ political animal, ha is a rsliioua aud irsvmrtt Wing and he tries to find oatiaf^ction for all such drives. fhe white people of South Africa, for axaapla, have ahowa this throughout their history, Ingliah and Afrikaans alike» the; have given with one hand, and flM*«fhoedljr taken, away with the ether. Its h$*e been readnded - V * * recently that the #u*ch Seforwed Churhc«s, held to be the religious aspect of a vearjr intenaa nationaliefe, raise *400, OOQjier annua for aiscion woric yet the political expression of that nut><jn alien, whiie-dlso .giving, daniea^tmat is the logical conse­ quences of t£*t isivinf.l . ;>■ the existence of duch adzed aotives on the part of . auropeans and such aspirations as the Hoa->3ttrcip«ans show, are factors which attat be taken into account in ths application of the prindplea M fr-*- ■* of deaocr^cy in a «uiti—racial society* fhe aim of governaMit "v. 'L J t U should be tc dispel each faar<i, especially when titey-ere irrational and unfounded, a»d/ givW outlets for aapiratione building up mutual trust and jtutual reapknaxbdlity, for it is the function of fevemMent * '• to ensure that no ata^ need ba afraid of another.