FINAL COUNTRY REPORT: HAITI FINAL COUNTRY REPORT: HAITI October 2009 October 2009 Updated in December 20111 Updated in December 20111 1 The baseline survey in Haiti was not originally planned as it was for other countries due to the instability in Haiti. However, 1 The baseline survey in Haiti was not originally planned as it was for other countries due to the instability in Haiti. However, because of improving situation, the baseline survey was finally undertaken in October 2011 by a member of JICA study team because of improving situation, the baseline survey was finally undertaken in October 2011 by a member of JICA study team 仮 305 Haiti Haiti Country Profile Country Profile Geographic coordinates 18o to 20o N, 71o30” to 74o 30” W Geographic coordinates 18o to 20o N, 71o30” to 74o 30” W Total area 27,750 sq km Total area 27,750 sq km Land area 27,560 sq km Land area 27,560 sq km Water area 190 sq km Water area 190 sq km Length of Coastline 1,977 km Length of Coastline 1,977 km Shelf Area 5,857 sq km Shelf Area 5,857 sq km Territorial Sea 40,142 sq km Territorial Sea 40,142 sq km Claimed EEZ 86,398 sq km Claimed EEZ 86,398 sq km Highest point (m) 2,680 m (Montagne de la Selle) Highest point (m) 2,680 m (Montagne de la Selle) Climate tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade wind Climate tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade wind Natural hazards lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from Natural hazards lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic drought June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic drought Population 9,035,536 (July 2009 est.) Population 9,035,536 (July 2009 est.) Annual Population Growth 1.838% (2009 est.) Annual Population Growth 1.838% (2009 est.) Rate Rate Life Expectancy at birth total population: 60.78 year Life Expectancy at birth total population: 60.78 year Languages French (official), Creole (official Languages French (official), Creole (official Ethnic Mix black 95%, mulatto and white 5% Ethnic Mix black 95%, mulatto and white 5% Work force 3.643 million Work force 3.643 million Unemployment About 60%. Unemployment About 60%. GDP (PPP) $11.53 billion (2008 est.) GDP (PPP) $11.53 billion (2008 est.) GDP Growth rate 1.3% (2008 est.) GDP Growth rate 1.3% (2008 est.) GDP per Capita (PPP) $1,300 (2008 est.) GDP per Capita (PPP) $1,300 (2008 est.) Currency Unit Gourdes (HTG); US$1 = HTG 39.216 (2008 est.) Currency Unit Gourdes (HTG); US$1 = HTG 39.216 (2008 est.) Area of Mangrove Forests 22.630 ha (THORBJARNARSON (1985)) Area of Mangrove Forests 22.630 ha (THORBJARNARSON (1985)) Percent of Mangrove Not applicable Percent of Mangrove Not applicable Forests Protected Forests Protected Per Capita Food Supply 3 kg/person Per Capita Food Supply 3 kg/person from Fish/Fishery Products from Fish/Fishery Products (2000) (2000) Exports $490 million (2008 est.); apparel, manufactures, oils, cocoa, mangoes, Exports $490 million (2008 est.); apparel, manufactures, oils, cocoa, mangoes, coffee. coffee. Sources: CIA World Factbook – Haiti (2009); EarthTrends Country Profiles – Haiti Sources: CIA World Factbook – Haiti (2009); EarthTrends Country Profiles – Haiti 仮 307 Abbreviations and Acronyms Abbreviations and Acronyms CARICOM Caribbean Community CARICOM Caribbean Community CARIFIS Caribbean Fisheries Information System CARIFIS Caribbean Fisheries Information System CFO Chief Fisheries Officer CFO Chief Fisheries Officer CFRAMP CARICOM Fisheries Resource Assessment and Management Programme CFRAMP CARICOM Fisheries Resource Assessment and Management Programme CRFM CARICOM Regional Fisheries Mechanism CRFM CARICOM Regional Fisheries Mechanism DPAQ2 Direction des Pêches et Aquaculture (Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture) DPAQ2 Direction des Pêches et Aquaculture (Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture) EU European Union EU European Union FAO Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAC Fisheries Advisory Committee FAC Fisheries Advisory Committee FD Fisheries Department FD Fisheries Department FMP Fisheries Management Plan FMP Fisheries Management Plan GEF Global Environmental Facility GEF Global Environmental Facility GOH Government of Haiti GOH Government of Haiti IHHN Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis IHHN Hypodermal Hematopoietic Necrosis JICA Japan International Co-operation Agency JICA Japan International Co-operation Agency MARNDR Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Rural Development MARNDR Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Rural Development MPA Marine Protected Area MPA Marine Protected Area mt Metric Ton mt Metric Ton OECS Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Organization of Eastern Caribbean States TIP Trip Interview Program TIP Trip Interview Program TSV Taura Syndrome Virus TSV Taura Syndrome Virus UNDP United Nations Development Program UNDP United Nations Development Program 1. Before 2011, it was “Service du pêcherie (Fisheries Service)” 1. Before 2011, it was “Service du pêcherie (Fisheries Service)” 仮 308 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE # PAGE # 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. COMMUNITY BASED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT COMPONENT 2. COMMUNITY BASED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT COMPONENT 2.1 Coastal Community Characteristics 7 2.1 Coastal Community Characteristics 7 2.2 Policy, Legislation and Supporting Institutional Arrangements 7 2.2 Policy, Legislation and Supporting Institutional Arrangements 7 2.3 National Programs to Promote the Involvement of Fishers, Fisher 2.3 National Programs to Promote the Involvement of Fishers, Fisher Organizations, Fishing Communities and other Stakeholders in the Organizations, Fishing Communities and other Stakeholders in the Management of Fishery Resources 11 Management of Fishery Resources 11 2.4 Effectiveness of National and Community Level Participatory 2.4 Effectiveness of National and Community Level Participatory Approaches to Fisheries Management 12 Approaches to Fisheries Management 12 2.5 Socio-Cultural and Attitudinal Issues Related to participatory 2.5 Socio-Cultural and Attitudinal Issues Related to participatory Approaches to Fisheries Management and introduction of Approaches to Fisheries Management and introduction of Alternative Livelihoods 12 Alternative Livelihoods 12 3. PELAGIC FISH RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND 3. PELAGIC FISH RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT 3.1 Policy Supporting Legislation and Fishery Development and 3.1 Policy Supporting Legislation and Fishery Development and Management Plans 16 Management Plans 16 3.2 Fishery Development Status Regarding Stated Policy Goals and 3.2 Fishery Development Status Regarding Stated Policy Goals and Development Management Objectives 17 Development Management Objectives 17 3.3 Fishery and Market Characteristics 17 3.3 Fishery and Market Characteristics 17 3.4 Catch and Effort 21 3.4 Catch and Effort 21 4. AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT 4. AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT 4.1 Aquaculture Development Component 25 4.1 Aquaculture Development Component 25 4.2 Aquaculture Development Status Regarding Stated Policy Goals 4.2 Aquaculture Development Status Regarding Stated Policy Goals and Development Objective 25 and Development Objective 25 4.3 Aquaculture and Market Characteristics 26 4.3 Aquaculture and Market Characteristics 26 4.4 Current Levels of Aquaculture Production by Species 26 4.4 Current Levels of Aquaculture Production by Species 26 4.5 Knowledge on Aquaculture Issues by Category 27 4.5 Knowledge on Aquaculture Issues by Category 27 4.6 Technical Aspects of Small-Scale aquaculture Operations and 4.6 Technical Aspects of Small-Scale aquaculture Operations and Stock Enhancement 31 Stock Enhancement 31 4.7 Technical and Research Capabilities of Fisheries 32 4.7 Technical and Research Capabilities of Fisheries 32 5. REGIONAL FISHERIES DATABASE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT 5. REGIONAL FISHERIES DATABASE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT 5.1 Policy and Data Management Documents 33 5.1 Policy and Data Management Documents 33 5.2 Data Collection- Current Situation 33 5.2 Data Collection- Current Situation 33 5.3 Data Management – Current Situation 33 5.3 Data Management – Current Situation 33 5.4 Information Dissemination 33 5.4 Information Dissemination 33 5.5 Gaps in the Capacity for Management of Fisheries Information 5.5 Gaps in the Capacity for Management of Fisheries Information System 33 System 33 6. RESULT OF THE BASELINE WORKSHOP 6. RESULT OF THE BASELINE WORKSHOP 6.1. Output from Workshop in the Fisheries Department 34 6.1. Output from Workshop in the Fisheries Department 34 6.2. Output from Workshop with Local Fishers 35 6.2. Output from Workshop with Local Fishers 35 6.3. Key issues identified for the coastal resources management in the 6.3. Key issues identified for the coastal resources management in the Workshop 36 Workshop 36 REFERENCES 41 REFERENCES 41 仮 309 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The Republic of Haiti occupies the western third of the island of Hispaniola (which it The Republic of Haiti occupies the western third of the island of Hispaniola (which it shares with the Dominican Republic), with Jamaica 180 km to the southwest and Cuba 90 km shares with the Dominican Republic), with Jamaica 180 km to the southwest and Cuba 90 km northwest across the Windward Passage. Haiti was the first modern state governed by people of northwest across the Windward Passage.