NATO time-line © ULLSTEINBILD © INBILD Russia ratifi es Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and SALT II • Humane Genome Berlin Wall Yuri Gagarin War in Vietnam Poland Fall of Berlin wall 1949 Project completed - maps out all genes in human DNA © ULLSTE © NATO Signing of North Atlantic Treaty in Washington by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, © NATO © NATO France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United NATO in the Balkans NATO-Russia agreement New members from the East Rebuilding security Kingdom, the United States • Proclamation Beginning of institutionalised relations between NATO and EU • NATO deploys INBILD INBILD INBILD 1950 Korean war increases fears of of People’s Republic of China and German 1960 1970 1980 INBILD INBILD 1990 NATO adopts plan to develop cooperation between East and West • Germany is reunifi ed 2000 forces to the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia* • Large-scale terrorist Communist expansion Democratic Republic • New German Länder in East become part of NATO attacks perpetrated against US © ULLSTE © ULLSTE © ULLSTE Signing of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty © ULLSTE © ULLSTE • NATO invokes article 5 of its Treaty for fi rst time 1951 Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe opens near Paris 1961 Erection of the Berlin wall 1971 US engages in détente with China and USSR 1981 Martial law declared in Poland following 1991 Dissolution of Warsaw Pact and break-up of Soviet Union • NATO adapts military doctrine (the Alliance’s 2001 • Euro becomes offi cial • Creation of European Coal and Steel Community • Yuri Gagarin, fi rst human to fl y in space civil unrest • Iraq-Iran war • US-Soviet Strategic Concept) and command structure and starts cooperating with partner countries currency in 12 EU countries • talks on intermediate-range nuclear International coalition forces US-Soviet agreements on strategic arms forces (INF) begin launch anti-terrorist operations 1952 Greece and Turkey join NATO • Algerian war starts • War in Indochina 1962 Cuban missile crisis 1972 limitations (SALT I) and anti-ballistic missile 1982 Spain joins NATO • 1992 2002 NATO offers support to UN in the former Yugoslavia in Afghanistan systems are signed US-Soviet strategic • EU adopts Maastricht Treaty, envisaging a Common Foreign Security Policy arms reduction Assassination of US President John F. Kennedy talks (START) begin Creation of NATO-Russia Council 1953 1963 1973 NATO and Warsaw Pact talks on reductions 1983 1993 UN establishes International Tribunal for the former 2003 • Falklands war • strengthens relations • NATO in conventional forces • The Conference on Yugoslavia US military intervention Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) Soviets walk out states it will operate when INBILD INBILD INBILD in Vietnam opens in Helsinki of all arms control and where necessary to fi ght INBILD 1954 © CMCC © ULLSTE © ULLSTE © ULLSTE 1964 1974 1984 negotiations 1994 NATO launches the Partnership for Peace programme 2004 terrorism • NATO introduces Creation of NATO Mao Zedong a Warsaw Pact Hungarian uprising France withdraws from INBILD • NATO starts to strengthen its “European pillar” major reforms to prepare itself NATO integrated military Oil price hikes provoke global recession • NATO against new threats © ULLSTE Federal Republic of Germany joins NATO • Warsaw Pact structure includes economic factors in security concept © ULLSTE 1955 is formed (USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, 1965 1975 1985 Gorbachev initiates 1995 NATO launches the Mediterranean Dialogue • NATO conducts process of reform in air operations against Bosnian Serb forces • Signing of The EU takes over the NATO mission in the former Yugoslav Republic of the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, NATO HQ and SHAPE US Apollo and Soviet Soyuz meet in space Soviet Union Dayton Peace Agreement • NATO deploys peacekeeping Macedonia* • US leads military campaign against Iraq and overthrows Saddam Poland, Romania) relocate to Belgium • Total withdrawal of US from South Vietnam • The forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina Hussein’s regime • NATO streamlines its military command structure • NATO leads 1956 1966 • Allies adopt strategy 1976 Helsinki Final Act of the CSCE recognises Europe’s 1986 1996 Disagreement over Suez crisis leads NATO Chernobyl disaster the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan and supports Polish of “fl exible response” existing frontiers and pledges respect for human to develop its political role • Soviet Union in Ukraine troops in Iraq • First NATO Response Force prototype is launched integrating nuclear rights and fundamental freedoms Partner countries, including Russia, contribute to crushes Hungarian uprising weapons into NATO’s NATO-led forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1977 1987 1997 1957 1967 entire force structure and INBILD Signing of INF Treaty Major terrorist attacks in Madrid • Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, • Sputnik demonstrates Soviet adopting high readiness SALT II is signed but not ratifi ed due to Soviet Signing of special NATO-Russia agreement • NATO reinforces Slovenia and Romania join NATO • Transfer of power to Iraqi Interim Government intercontinental ballistic missile capability © ULLSTE deployment of SS-20s and invasion of Afghanistan • NATO commits itself to the training of Iraqi security forces • NATO reinforces its levels relations with partner countries • Signing of NATO-Ukraine INBILD • NATO deploys Pershing and Cruise missiles but Mediterranean Dialogue and offers to cooperate with countries from the broader • Rome Treaty: Creation of European 1978 1988 1998 Charter • Dolly - First mammal to be cloned 1958 1968 Warsaw Pact countries announce major Middle East region Economic Community • Russian dog Laïka: pursues arms control measures © ULLSTE Warsaw Pact armed forces reductions in conventional forces • Soviet fi rst animal to fl y in space *Turkey recognises the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name. invade Czechoslovakia troops start withdrawing from Afghanistan Taliban regime in Afghanistan INBILD 1959 Fidel Castro in power in Cuba 1969 “Prague Spring” movement 1979 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall 1999 Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland join NATO • NATO conducts air campaign to end ethnic cleansing in Kosovo © ULLSTE crushed by USSR • NATO’s 50th anniversary Summit - Adoption of new Strategic Concept • NATO-led peacekeeping force deploys to Kosovo INBILD • First man on the moon - INBILD Neil Armstrong, Apollo 11 © ULLSTE © NATO © ULLSTE First man on the moon Oil crisis Cruise missiles www.nato.int (BILDER© NATO ISAF) © NATO Stabilising Afghanistan Seven new members New horizons.