Taiwania 63(3): 195-219, 2018 DOI: 10.6165/tai.2018.63.195 New Orchids (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae and Vandoideae) in the Flora of Vietnam Leonid V. AVERYANOV1,*, Van Canh NGUYEN2, Hoang Tuan NGUYEN3, Ba Vuong TRUONG4, Phi Tam NGUYEN5, Sinh Khang NGUYEN6, Tatiana V. MAISAK1, Hiep Tien NGUYEN7, Duc Nam BUI8, Xuan Canh CHU9 1. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Street 2, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia. 2. Center of scientific research and practice , Thu Dau Mot University, No. 6 Tran Van Ơn Street, Phu Hoa ward, Thu Dau Mot city, Binh Duong province, Vietnam; [email protected] 3. 15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam; [email protected] 4. Institute of Tropical Biology, Dept. of Biological resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan St., Distr. 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; [email protected] 5. Viet Nam Post and Telecommunications Group – VNPT Lam Dong, 8 Tran Phu Street, Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam; [email protected] 6. Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; [email protected] 7. Center for Plant Conservation, no. 25/32, lane 89, Lac Long Quan, Nghia Do, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi, Vietnam; [email protected] 8. Thach That General Hospital, 84 street, Kim Quan commune, Thach That district, Hanoi, Vietnam; [email protected] 9. 292 Thanh Nhan Street, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam; [email protected] *Corresponding author’s e-mails: [email protected] or [email protected] (Manuscript received 5 April 2018; accepted 21 June 2018; online published 10 July 2018) ABSTRACT: The paper continues our recent publication of new original data on orchid diversity in Vietnam (Averyanov et al., 2018a-c) obtained in 2016–2017. It includes data on 5 orchid species new for science (Calanthe nguyenthinhii Aver., Dendrobium truongcuongii Aver. & Canh, Gastrodia khangii Aver., Nephelaphyllum thaovyae Aver. & Canh and Podochilus truongtamii Aver. & Vuong) and 15 species, new for the flora of Vietnam (Calanthe ceciliae, Dendrobium eriiflorum, D. griffithianum, D. hekouense, D. minusculum, D. stuposum, D. xichouense, Eria lancifolia, E. xanthocheila, Geodorum terrestre, Liparis condylobulbon, L. tenuis, Luisia teres, Pomatocalpa maculosum, Porpax ustulata). Annotated species list includes the valid name, synonyms, type, citations of relevant taxonomic regional publications, data on ecology, phenology and distribution, estimated IUCN Red List status, studied specimens, brief taxonomic notes, and illustrations for each recorded species. Lectotypes for two species, Liparis tenuis, and Dendrobium exsculptum are proposed. When the new data presented in this paper are included, the documented orchid flora of Vietnam reaches at least 1243 species. KEY WORDS: Flora of Vietnam, Indochina, New species, Orchidaceae, Plant geography, Plant taxonomy, Nature protection. INTRODUCTION Dendrobium eriiflorum Griff., D. griffithianum Lindl., D. hekouense Z.J. Liu et L.J. Chen, D. minusculum Aver., This paper continues our recent publications of new D. stuposum Lindl., D. xichouense S.J. Cheng et Z.Z. original data on orchid diversity in Vietnam (Averyanov Tang, Eria lancifolia Hook.f., E. xanthocheila Ridl., et al, 2018a-c) obtained in the field studies mostly during Geodorum terrestre (L.) Garay, Liparis condylobulbon years 2016–2017 since last our publications (Averyanov Rchb.f., L. tenuis Downie, Luisia teres (Thunb.) Blume, et al., 2016a-d, 2017a, b; Averyanov and Maisak, 2017a, Pomatocalpa maculosum (Lindl.) J.J. Sm. and Porpax b; Nguyen and Averyanov, 2017). Like previous papers, ustulata (E.C. Parish et Rchb.f.) Rolfe. When the new it summarizes the results of joint efforts of professional data presented in this paper are included, the documented botanists and orchid enthusiasts on studies of orchid flora of Vietnam reaches at least 1243 species. Vietnamese native orchids from subfamilies Valid name, synonyms, type, citations of relevant Epidendroideae and Vandoideae leading to the discovery taxonomic regional publications, data on ecology, of 5 species new for science, namely Calanthe phenology and distribution, estimated IUCN Red List nguyenthinhii Aver., Dendrobium truongcuongii Aver. status and studied specimens as well as brief taxonomic & Canh, Gastrodia khangii Aver., Nephelaphyllum and biological notes are provided for each studied thaovyae Aver. & Canh and Podochilus truongtamii species. Lectotypes for two species, Liparis tenuis, and Aver. & Vuong. Additionally, fifteen species are Dendrobium exsculptum are proposed. reported and documented here as a new for the flora of An illustrated annotated list of all studied species Vietnam. These species are: Calanthe ceciliae Rchb.f., arranged in alphabetical order is presented below. 195 Taiwania Vol. 63, No. 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS Malesian species to the orchid flora of Vietnam. It shows remarkable geographical variation in its flowers color. Materials used in present studies were collected Plants with pink-purple flowers are most common in mainly during years 2016–2017. Some previously Java and Sumatra (Comber, 1990, 2001). White flowers collected herbarium specimens and living samples also tinged with violet are typical for the plants in Malay provided significant additional information of the Peninsular (Seidenfaden and Wood, 1992; Clayton and current investigation. Fresh plants, as well as flowers and Cribb, 2013). According to available collections and inflorescences from living plants, were fixed and stored observations, the flowers in Vietnam are pure white with in 60–65% ethanol. Measurements of the floral parts for light yellow callosity at the lip base. Specimens from descriptions were taken on both herbarium and liquid- Vietnam also differ from Malesian plants in spreading, fixed materials In describing of quantitative characters, obtriangular, truncate lip side lobes (vs. side lobes infrequent extreme values (i.e. rarely occurring minimal somewhat forward directed, ovate with roundish apex) and maximal values) of a variation range are and small median lobe much narrower than side lobes parenthesized before and after the normal variation with almost entire margin (vs. median lobe distinctly range. Detailed analytical photos of plant parts compiled wider than side lobes, finely denticulate along margin). into plates referred to here as “digital plates” or “digital Studied Vietnamese plants certainly represent distinct epitypes” were made from the living plants prior to geographical race, but the identification of its preparation of the appropriate herbarium specimens. taxonomical rank needs further studies and analysis of Taxa distribution in Vietnam is indicated in the text by more material. mentioning concerned provinces according to the Studied specimens. Southern Vietnam, Lam Dong province, official administrative country division (Viet Nam Bao Loc town, Loc Chau commune, Ba Mountain. Shady and wet, sometimes flooded place on the hillside. 700–800 m a.s.l. 15 August Administrative Atlas, 2007). The online version of the 2017, Nguyen Hoang Tuan, Nguyen Van Thien, Nguyen Huy Hau, s.n. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (2017) was used (LE). Plate – d-EXSICCATES OF VIETNAMESE FLORA for estimation of preliminary species conservation status. 0291/Nguyen Hoang Tuan et al., s.n. 15.08.2017 (Fig. 1). Southern Place of the housing of cited specimens is indicated by Vietnam, Dak Lak province, Chu Yang Sinh Mountains, cult. N.V. Canh, herbarium specimen prepared from cultivated plants 19 October accepted acronyms or respected Herbaria. The studied 2017, Nguyen Van Canh, L. Averyanov AL 320 (LE, LE – photo). taxa are listed below in alphabetical order. Northern Vietnam, with no exact location, cult. Nguyen Minh Duc, herbarium specimen prepared from cultivated plants 25 October 2017, TAXONOMIC TREATMENT L. Averyanov, T. Maisak AL 400 (LE, LE – photo). List of new orchids in the flora of Vietnam Calanthe nguyenthinhii Aver., sp. nov. Fig. 2 Calanthe ceciliae Rchb.f., 1883, Gard. Chron. n.s. 19, 1: Described from southern Vietnam. Type (“16 432; Seidenfaden, 1975, Dansk Bot. Ark. 29, 2: 19, fig. October 2017, Nguyen Phi Tam, L. Averyanov, T. 5; Comber, 1990, Orch. Java: 95, fig.; id., 2001, Orch. Maisak, AL 287”) – LE (holotype), was prepared from Sumatra: 271, fig.; Seidenfaden, Wood, 1992, Orch. the flowering plant cultivated in Dalat Town by Nguyen Pennins. Malaysia Singapore: 169, fig. 72b-c.; Kurzweil, Phi Tam. The living plant was collected in Lam Dong 2010, Adansonia, ser. 3, 32, 1: 84; Clayton, Cribb, 2013, province, Lac Duong district, Da Chais municipality, Gen. Calanthe: 250, pl. 35E-G. Bidoup Mountains, an evergreen forest at elevation 1600 Fig. 1 m a.s.l., 21 January 2017 by Nguyen Van Thinh, sine n. Described from Malayan Peninsula (“Most probably Digital epitype – d-EXSICCATES OF VIETNAMESE this Calanthe, from the Malayan peninsular…, Messrs. FLORA 0297/AL 287 (Fig. 2). H. Low & Co. …”). Type (“cult. Low”) – W-RCHB Etymology. The specific epithet refers the name of 2196 (holotype). the plant discoverer, Nguyen Van Thinh, orchid explorer Habitat, phenology and conservation status. and grower from Dalat town, Lam Dong province. Terrestrial rosulate herb. Primary and secondary Description. Terrestrial herb with few erect evergreen broad-leaved submontane forests, commonly abbreviated stems densely clustering on the short