The American community in Chiang Mai welcomed the visit of Their Majesties the King and Queen to northern Thailand, February 27 - March 17, 1958 ™ÿ¡™π™“«Õ‡¡√‘°—π∂«“¬°“√√—∫‡¥Á®æ√–∫“∑¡‡¥Á®æ√–‡®â“Õ¬ŸàÀ—« ·≈–¡‡¥Á®æ√–π“߇®â“œ æ√–∫√¡√“™‘π’π“∂ √–À«à“߇¥Á®æ√–√“™¥”‡π‘𠇬’ˬ¡√“…Æ√®—ßÀ«—¥¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ «—π∑’Ë 27 °ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å ∂÷ß 17 ¡’π“§¡ 2501 American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ 1867-2007 æ.». 2410-2550 is produced by the U.S. Consulate º≈ß“π¢Õß∂“π°ßÿ≈„À≠àÀ√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ General Chiang Mai in honor of His Majesty ‡™’¬ß„À¡à ∑’Ë®—¥∑”¢÷Èπ‡π◊ËÕß„π‚Õ°“∑’Ë King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s 80th birthday æ√–∫“∑¡‡¥Á®æ√–‡®â“Õ¬ŸàÀ—«¿Ÿ¡‘æ≈Õ¥ÿ≈¬‡¥™ and in recognition of the many valuable ∑√ß¡’æ√–™π¡“¬ÿ§√∫ 80 æ√√…“ connections between our two countries past, ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√√”≈÷°∂÷ß“¬—¡æ—π∏åÕ—π¡’§à“ present and future. √–À«à“ߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬·≈–À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“„πÕ¥’µ ªí®®ÿ∫—π ·≈–Õ𓧵 American Threads in the Lanna Fabric U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 ISBN 978-974-8134-31-4 Edited by: Beatrice Camp, Plai-auw Thongsawat, Supattra Suttilagsana Translated by: Pantip Jatchavala, Dheerayupa Sukonthapanthu Published by: The U.S. Consulate General Chiang Mai July 2007 Designed by: Within Design Co., Ltd. Tel. 0 5327 2111 ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.». 2410-2550 ‡√’¬∫‡√’¬ß‚¥¬: ‡∫’¬∑√‘´ ·§¡ªá, ª≈“¬ÕâÕ ∑Õß«—¥‘Ï, ÿ¿—µ√“ ÿ∑∏‘≈—°…≥å ·ª≈‚¥¬: ª“π∑‘æ¬å ™—™«“≈“, ∏’√¬ÿæ“ ÿ§π∏æ—π∏ÿå ®—¥æ‘¡æå‚¥¬: ∂“π°ßÿ≈„À≠àÀ√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‡™’¬ß„À¡à °√°Æ“§¡ 2550 ÕÕ°·∫∫√Ÿª‡≈à¡‚¥¬: ∫√‘…—∑«‘∑Õ‘π¥’‰´πå ®”°—¥ ‚∑√. 0 5327 2111 Contents “√∫—≠ Preface 4 §”π” Acknowledgements 6 §”¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ Contributions in Education 8 ∫∑∫“∑„π¥â“π°“√»÷°…“ Collaboration in Medicine 22 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å Partnerships in Sustainable Development 34 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ„π°“√æ—≤π“Õ¬à“߬—Ë߬◊π U.S. Diplomatic Presence 42 °“√∑ŸµÀ√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ Americans Who Made a Difference 49 ™“«Õ‡¡√‘°—π∑’Ë√—ß√√§å‘Ëß„À¡à„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ Daniel McGilvary ¥“‡π’¬≈ ·¡§°‘≈«“√’ Sophia Bradley McGilvary 50 ‚´‡øï¬ ∫√—¥‡≈¬å ·¡§°‘≈«“√’ Harold Young 51 ·Œ‚√≈¥å ¬—ß Edwin McDaniel 52 ‡ÕÁ¥«‘π ·¡§¥“‡π’¬≈ David Wyatt 53 ‡¥«‘¥ «—¬Õ“® Chester Gorman 54 ‡™‡µÕ√å °Õ√å·¡π Joan Eubank 55 ‚®π ¬Ÿ·∫ߧå Dick Mann 56 ¥‘Í° ·¡ππå Rebecca Weldon Sithiwong 57 √’‡∫°°“ ‡«≈¥Õπ ‘∑∏‘«ß»å References and Sources 58 ‡Õ°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß ·≈–∑’Ë¡“ Preface The relationship between northern Thailand and the United States is woven of many strands. Starting with the arrival of American missionary Rev. Daniel McGilvary in Chiang Mai in 1867, countless teachers, students, NGO workers, business people and U.S. government experts and diplomats have formed the foundations on which today’s relationship stands. One of the most visible contributions made by Americans both historically and today is in the area of education. As an example, a list of current university presidents in the north shows the results of these continued U.S. connections: Chiang Mai and Maejo University presidents both hold doctoral degrees from Oklahoma State, the president of Rajabhat Chiang Mai has a Ph.D. from North Texas State and the president of Mae Fah Luang graduated from the Rochester Institute of Technology. Many others in the region have attended local schools founded by Americans, studied in the U.S., received Fulbright scholarships, participated in AFS exchange programs, or had their first English lessons from a Peace Corps Volunteer. Medicine, agriculture, music, architecture, and environment are a few of the other areas in which U.S. involvement has made a difference. We hope through this small booklet to interest others in these American threads in the Lanna fabric. American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ 4 U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.». 2410-2550 5 §”π” §«“¡—¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ߉∑¬·≈–À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“∂Ÿ°∂—°∑Õ¢÷Èπ¥â«¬ “¬—¡æ—π∏å¡“°¡“¬À≈“¬·¢πß ‡√‘Ë¡¥â«¬°“√‡¥‘π∑“ß¡“‡™’¬ß„À¡à¢Õß¡‘™™—ππ“√’Õ‡¡√‘°—π ·¥‡π’¬≈ ·¡§°‘≈«“√’„πªï æ.». 2410 ºŸâ§π®”π«ππ—∫‰¡à∂â«π ‰¡à«à“®–‡ªìπ§√Ÿ π—°»÷°…“ ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’ËÕߧå°√‡Õ°™π π—°∏ÿ√°‘® ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠¢Õß√—∞∫“≈À√—∞œ·≈–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë∑“ß°“√∑Ÿµ ¢ÕßÀ√—∞œ ∫ÿ§§≈‡À≈à“π’È≈â«π¡’à«π„π°“√√â“ßæ◊Èπ∞“𧫓¡—¡æ—π∏å‰∑¬-À√—∞œ ∑’ˇ√“ ª√–®—°…å‡ÀÁπÕ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π Àπ÷Ëß„π§ÿ≥Ÿª°“√∑’ËÀ√—∞œ ¡Õ∫·°àª√–‡∑»‰∑¬∑—Èß„πÕ¥’µ∑’˺à“π¡“·≈–„πªí®®ÿ∫—π ´÷Ëß“¡“√∂‡ÀÁπ‰¥â™—¥∑’Ëÿ¥‰¥â·°à ‡√◊ËÕß°“√»÷°…“ Õ∏‘°“√∫¥’¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õªí®®ÿ∫—π À≈“¬∑à“π§◊Õµ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë·¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁ𧫓¡‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß¢ÕßÀ√—∞œ ∑’Ë¡’¡“Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß Õ“∑‘ Õ∏‘°“√∫¥’¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à·≈–¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬·¡à‚®â ‰¥â√—∫ª√‘≠≠“¥ÿ…Ø’∫—≥±‘µ®“° ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬·Ààß√—∞‚Õ§≈“‚Œ¡“ Õ∏‘°“√∫¥’¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬√“™¿—؇™’¬ß„À¡à‰¥â√—∫ª√‘≠≠“ ¥ÿ…Ø’∫—≥±‘µ®“°¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬πÕ√å∏‡∑Á°´— ·≈–Õ∏‘°“√∫¥’¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬·¡àøÑ“À≈«ß®∫ °“√»÷°…“®“°∂“∫—π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’√Õ™‡™‡µÕ√å πÕ°®“°π’È ¬—ß¡’Õ’°À≈“¬∑à“π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ ∑’ˇ§¬‡√’¬π„π‚√߇√’¬π∑’Ë™“«Õ‡¡√‘°—π°àÕµ—Èߢ÷È𠇧¬‡¥‘π∑“߉ª»÷°…“µàÕ„πÀ√—∞œ ‰¥â√—∫∑ÿπ øÿ≈‰∫√∑å ‡§¬‡ªìππ—°‡√’¬π‡Õ‡Õø‡Õ À√◊Õ‡§¬‡√’¬π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…‡ªìπ§√—Èß·√°®“°§√Ÿ∑’ˇªìπ Õ““¡—§√Àπ૬—πµ‘¿“æÀ√—∞œ πÕ°®“°„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√»÷°…“·≈â« À√—∞œ ¬—ß¡’à«π‡°’ˬ«æ—π∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√æ—≤π“„π¥â“π °“√·æ∑¬å °“√‡°…µ√ ¥πµ√’ ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡ ·≈–‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡√“À«—ß«à“Àπ—ß◊Õ‡≈ࡇ≈Á°π’È ®–∑”„À⺟âÕà“π‡°‘¥§«“¡π„®„𓬄¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π∑’Ë∂—°∑ÕÕ¬Ÿà„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“º◊ππ’È American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ 4 U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.». 2410-2550 5 Acknowledgements The U.S. Consulate General Chiang Mai would like to thank Embassy Bangkok for support, especially Public Affairs Officer Anne Casper for financial and translation assistance. In addition, we would like to express gratitude to Cindy Beavon, Ken Kampe, Gary Suwannarat, Terry Daru, Bill Young, Becky Sithiwong, Joan Eubank, Dick Mann, Alan Feinstein, Terry Otis, Heather Smith, and Charly Mehl. Also, Serin Jirakupt at Prince Royal’s College, Anukul Konkaew at McCormick Hospital, Arisa Lertruek at Payap University Archives, Somchai Obboon at McKean Rehabilitation Institute and Hospital, and Apaporn Nakvachara and Vichien Jiratikanchai from Radio Thailand Chiang Mai. American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ 6 U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.». 2410-2550 7 §”¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ ∂“π°ßÿ≈„À≠à·ÀàßÀ√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“‡™’¬ß„À¡à ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥∂“π‡Õ°Õ—§√√“™∑Ÿµ À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–∑’˪√÷°…“ΩÉ“¬¢à“«“√·≈–ª√–™“—¡æ—π∏å ·Õππå ·§‡ªÕ√å ∑’Ë„Àâ°“√π—∫πÿπ¥â“π°“√‡ß‘π·≈–°“√·ª≈ ∂“π°ßÿ≈„À≠àœ ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ Cindy Beavon, Ken Kampe, Gary Suwannarat, Terry Daru, Bill Young, Becky Sithiwong, Joan Eubank, Dick Mann, Alan Feinstein, Terry Otis, Heather Smith, Charly Mehl √«¡∑—Èß Õ“®“√¬å‡√‘π∑√å ®‘√§ÿªµå À—«Àπâ“æ‘æ‘∏¿—≥∑å‚√߇√’¬πª√‘πå√Õ¬·¬≈å«‘∑¬“≈—¬ §ÿ≥Õπÿ°Ÿ≈ °âÕπ·°â« À—«Àπâ“·ºπ°∫√‘°“√ ‚√ß欓∫“≈·¡§§Õ√å¡‘§ §ÿ≥Õ√‘»“ ‡≈‘»æƒ°…å ÀÕ®¥À¡“¬‡Àµÿ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬æ“¬—æ §ÿ≥¡™“¬ Õ∫∫ÿ≠ ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√∂“∫—π·¡§‡§π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√øóôπøŸ¿“æ ·≈–‚√ß欓∫“≈ §ÿ≥Õ“¿“æ√ 𓧫—™√– À—«Àπâ“ΩÉ“¬√“¬°“√«‘∑¬ÿ ∂“π’«‘∑¬ÿ°√–®“¬‡’¬ß ·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™’¬ß„À¡à ”π—°ª√–™“—¡æ—π∏å ‡¢µ 3 ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™’¬ß„À¡à §ÿ≥«‘‡™’¬√ ®‘√µ‘°“πµå™—¬ Õ¥’µºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√∂“π’«‘∑¬ÿ°√–®“¬‡’¬ß·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™’¬ß„À¡à ”π—°ª√–™“—¡æ—π∏å ‡¢µ 3 ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™’¬ß„À¡à American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ 6 U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.». 2410-2550 7 Contributions in Education From the first western schools established in prominent and continuing legacies of early Chiang Mai in the 19th century to extensive linkages American involvement in northern Thailand. today, Americans have played a key role in the Until the late 19th century, education in educational development of northern Thailand. northern Thailand was available only for boys and For the first Americans arriving in Chiang Mai, only in Thai Buddhist temples. Education in the primarily Presbyterian missionaries, the foundation temples was, for the most part, limited to reading of schools was of primary importance. Successful and writing skills and usually only for the most educational institutions remain one of the most ambitious and dedicated. The model of education imported from the United States transformed education in northern Thailand. Despite initial skepticism, Thais recognized that western-style schools offered important benefits to the country. H.M. King Mongkut permitted American language teachers into the Royal Palaces in the mid-1800s, seeing the United States as a country that did not aspire to build Southeast Asian empires. In his view, the Americans represented a “neutral” force between France in the east and England in the west. Ms. Julia Hatch (third from the left), Principal of the American School for Girls, and teachers. ¡‘ ®Ÿ‡≈’¬ ·Œ™ §√Ÿ„À≠à‚√߇√’¬πµ√’Õ‡¡√‘°—π ·≈–§≥–§√Ÿ American Threads in the Lanna Fabric ‡âπ¥â“¬Õ‡¡√‘°—π„πº◊πºâ“≈â“ππ“ 8 U.S. Involvement in Northern Thailand 1867-2007 Contributions in Education §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕ‡¡√‘°—π„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ æ.».