E1E1--E2E2 (CFA) FIBER TO THE HOME (FTTH) © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED To day customers wants Dependable High Speed Data High Quality Voice Video Service These services are delivered by Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) Cable Modems Wireless USER REQUIREMENT Video Data User The preferred user’s requirement Voice • Many services on one infrastructure is efficient • Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers • Enhanced choice is attractive to customers • Commercially viable for network owner/operator © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED To meet the costumers demand, service provider needs a Robust networking solution. The solution is fiber based networks on fiber based technologies or FTTH © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FTTH OFFERS Unlimited bandwidth The flexibility to meet customer demand for interactive, video-based services. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Fiber in the loop In FITL network architecture the fiber optic technology is being deployed from Central Office (CO) of a telephone carrier to a remote serving area interface(SAI) to an Optical Network Unit (ONU) located at the customer premises . Normally, the fiber is deployed in either all or part of the local loop distribution network. • FITL includes various architectures such as FTTC, FTTH & FTTP. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Fiber to the x ( FTTX) It is a generic term for any network architecture that uses optical fiber to replace all or part of the usual copper local loop used form telecommunications . © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Today, fiber networks come in many varieties, depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTx Fiber To The Node/Network (FTTN) Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC) Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB), Fiber To The Home (FTTH), For simplicity, most people have begun to refer to the fiber network as FTTx, in which x stands for the termination point. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FTTN Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/ Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab). Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet (neighbourhood). Customers connect to this cabinet is using twisted pair wiring. The area served by the cabinet is less than 1500 meters in radius. If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300 meters in radius then the architecture is normally called fiber to the curb. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Advantages :- Low Cost Non-blocking or low- blocking performance better supports convergence. Extremely flexible to deploy. Allows the use of a variety of media from the Telephone Exchange to the User . Disadvantages :- Supports less bandwidth © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FTTC (Fiber To The Curb) User’s Home Optical Fiber Cable O ONU L T Copper Cable E ONU Central Office A method of installing optical fiber cable by the curb near the user’s home. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FTTB (Fiber To The Building ) User’s Building Copper loops O Optical Fiber Cable L ONU T E Central Office By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination point to the home living space or business office space FTTB can be converted to full FTTH. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FTTH (Fiber To The Home) User’s Home ONU O Optical Fiber Cable L T E Central Office FTTH is the final configuration of access networks using optical fiber cable. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Steps in Evolution of FTTH FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is available very close to the customer/building. FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements shall have fiber medium. FTTB fiber shall be made available to all buildings. FTTH is the next and ultimate stage in this plan. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Fiber to the Premises It is a form of fiber-optic communication delivery in which an optical fiber runs directly onto the customers' premises. 2. This is dissimilar with other fiber optic communication networks such as (FTTN), (FTTC) or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of which depends upon copper wires or coaxial cable for "last mile" delivery. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Fiber to the premises can be further categorized according to the optical fiber ends. FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber optic communication network in which optical signal reaches upto the end user’s office. 2- FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber optic communication delivery in which optical signal reaches upto the building, but where the fiber terminate before reaching the home, business premises or set of customers. The remaining path uses other than Optical Fiber. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Optical Portion :-Optical Distribution Network have several technologies to deploy. Direct Shared Fiber fiber Active Passive Optical Optical Network Network © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED DIRECT FIBER Here each fiber leaving the central office goes to exactly one customer .i.e. point to point topology Provides excellent bandwidth because each customer have their own dedicated fiber. Costlier due to the large amount of fiber requirement. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED SHARED FIBER In this architecture, each fiber leaving the central office is actually shared by many customers. There are two leading optical distribution networks with which we can achieve this split. Active optical network (AONs) Passive optical network (PONs) © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Active optical network In this architecture, power equipment is used to distribute the signal such as switch, router or multiplexer. Each signal leaving the central office is directed only to the particular customer. Active Ethernet uses optical switches to distribute the signal. Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3 switching and routing. It can handle upto 1000 customers. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Passive Optical Networks PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premises network architecture. Un-powered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple customers. A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces the amount of fiber. Down stream signal from the Central Office is broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a fiber. Upstream signals are combined using a multiple excess protocol towards Central Office. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Technology Options for FTTH © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Functioning of PON Architecture The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is installed in Central Office as head end. OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, from where the signal is distributed to multiple customers directly or via another splitters. Optical Network Terminals (ONT) terminate the signal at the customer premises. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT and ONT for 1:32 splitter. PONs do not require any power for the splitters so operational cost and complexity is reduced. Passive optical splitters are used to split the fiber/ bandwidth and share among many customers. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Telechoice 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED PON Architecture Voice Management System Data ONU Other Video Networks TDM ONU Video/Audio over IP services PABX O 1:32(64) Optical Splitter PON L T CATV overlay services TDMA Central Office IP N/Ws TDM Data 2G BTS ONU 0-20 Km physical reach (60 Km logical reach supported by protocol) © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED The basic elements in any PON system are: OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing PON with the various network interfaces ONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer Premises equipment providing user interface for many/single customer PON : distributed or single staged passive optical splitters/combiners providing connectivity between OLT & multiple ONU/ONTs. NMS : Management of the complete PON system from OLT © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED BSNL FTTH PLAN Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct Exchange Lines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore Ethernet in the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed to be deployed. FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point optical system or point to multi point fiber system (PON). 7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year. 1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON. 5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON & G-PON. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase of G-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended to other cities having Optical Access Network cables laid as per OAN target. In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhs customers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ Gigabit Ethernet service to their buildings on Fiber. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED Phase-III (2010-11): In third phase OAN project is proposed to be commenced in 198 cities. Sufficient fiber structure shall be laid in all these cities for commencing FTTH service. The total target of FTTH deployment in third phase will be approximately 7.5 lakhs. The customer base on FTTH upto March-2011 shall be 20 lakhs (200 million). © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED FLAVORS OF PON Broadband PON Ethernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON (GEPON) Gigabit PON (GPON) © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks Planning: The GEPON network do not support the redundancy so only single fiber and single input splitters are planned. There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis and each chassis is capable to cater 32X20=640 customers. There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters. 1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highly dense locations and multistoried buildings. © BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED PLANNING GUIDELINES Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning for GPON The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities by deploying high count Optical Fiber cables. The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these cities will be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main routes and 24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings.