Rhetorical Devices VS. Logical Fallacies Statements used in persuasion Rhetorical Devices Logical Fallacies Rhetorical - expressed in Fallacy: a mistaken belief terms intended to persuade or impress. Statements used in attempt to support an argument but actually WEAKEN it Statements used in addition to evidence to strengthen an 10 Common Logical Fallacies argument 1) The Straw Man Fallacy 2) The Bandwagon Fallacy 3) The Appeal to Authority Fallacy Four Types: 4) The False Dilemma Fallacy 5) The Hasty Generalization Fallacy Logos: an appeal to logic 6) The Hasty Generalization Fallacy 7) The Correlation/Causation Pathos: an appeal to emotion Fallacy Ethos: an appeal to ethics 8) The Anecdotal Evidence Fallacy 9) The Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy Kairos: an appeal to time 10) The Middle Ground Fallacy *These are Rhetorical Devices - Examples GOOD ways https://www.thoughtco.com/rhetorical-devices-4169905 to support an argument. Rhetorical Device Appeals To Definition Devices in this category seek to convince and persuade via logic and reason, and will usually make use of statistics, cited facts, Logos Logic and statements by authorities to make https://www.youtube.com/watch? their point and persuade the listener. v=VZPjJI0K7Bk&list=PLLId6i2VX0- FOaMVBSpbVEazJ-onNKP73 These rhetorical devices base their appeal in emotion. This could mean invoking sympathy or pity in the listener, or making Pathos Emotion the audience angry in the service of inspiring action or changing their mind https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=IO9d2PpP7tQ about something. Ethical appeals try to convince the audience that the speaker is a credible source, that their words have weight and Ethos Ethics must be taken seriously because they are serious and have the experience and https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=8ULR68LTmbw judgment necessary to decide what’s right. This is one of the most difficult concepts in rhetoric; devices in this category are dependent on the idea that the time has Kairos Time come for a particular idea or action. The https://www.youtube.com/ very timeliness of the idea is part of the watch?v=ejeSYO4ETPs argument. *These are Logical Fallacies - Examples NOT GOOD https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/common-logical-fallacies Logical Fallacy Definition Example ways to This fallacy occurs when your John: I think we should hire opponent over-simplifies your someone to redesign our support an argument (i.e., setting up a "straw website. The Straw man") to make it easier to attack or Lola: You're saying we should Man Fallacy refute. Instead of fully addressing throw our money away on argument. your actual argument, speakers external resources instead of present a superficially similar -- but building up our in-house design ultimately not equal -- version of team? That's going to hurt our your real stance, helping them create the illusion of easily defeating you. company in the long run. This fallacy occurs when people The majority of people believe believe something to be true simply advertisers should spend more because a large group of people money on billboards, so The Band believe it is true. Arguments in this billboards are objectively the style don't take into account whether best form of advertisement. Wagon or not the population validating the Fallacy argument is actually qualified to do so, or if contrary evidence exists. This occurs when you rely too heavily Despite the fact that this way is on the opinion of a single person -- not working, I will continue to The Appeal to especially if that person is attempting do it this way because my boss Authority to validate something outside of their told me to. expertise. Just because someone in a Fallacy position of power believes something to be true, doesn't make it true. This common fallacy misleads by We can either do the project the presenting complex issues in terms of way I want us to or we will fail. The False two inherently opposed sides. Dilemma Instead of acknowledging that most (if not all) issues can be thought of on Fallacy a spectrum of possibilities and stances, the false dilemma fallacy asserts that there are only two mutually exclusive outcomes..