INDONESIA’S DIPLOMACY TOWARDS FIJI IN PREVENTING THE FULLY MEMBERSHIP OF UNITED LIBERATION MOVEMENT FOR WEST PAPUA INTO MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP (2013-2016) By SITI RAUDINA CARMELIA PUTRI 016201300141 A thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor Degree in International Relations Major in Strategic and Defense Studies 2017 THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “Indonesia’s Diplomacy towards Fiji in Preventing the Fully Membership of United Liberation Movement for West Papua into Melanesian Spearhead Group (2013-2016)” prepared and submitted by Siti Raudina Carmelia Putri in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in International Relations in the Faculty of Humanities has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, 5 June 2017 Teuku Rezasyah, Ph.D. Thesis Advisor i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “Indonesia’s Diplomacy towards Fiji in Preventing the Fully Membership of United Liberation Movement for West Papua into Melanesian Spearhead Group (2013-2016)” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, 5 June 2017 Siti Raudina Carmelia Putri ii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “Indonesia’s Diplomacy towards Fiji in Preventing the Fully Membership of United Liberation Movement for West Papua into Melanesian Spearhead Group (2013-2016)” that was submitted by Siti Raudina Carmelia Putri majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on June 2nd, 2017 Teuku Rezasyah, Ph.D. Chair – Panel of Examiners Thesis Adviser I Bustanul Arifin, BA.IR, MA Thesis Adviser II Prof. Anak Agung Banyu Perwita, MA., Ph.D. Examiner iii ABSTRACT Siti Raudina Carmelia Putri, 016201300141, “Indonesia’s Diplomacy towards Fiji in Preventing the Fully Membership of United Liberation Movement for West Papua into Melanesian Spearhead Group (2013-2016)” Advisors: Teuku Rezasyah, Ph.D. and Bustanul Arifin, BA.IR, MA Papua is the largest and easternmost province in Indonesia and the Papua secession issue has become one of the eye-catching headlines in the last years. Represent by the ULMWP, West Papua came up with the idea to hold self-determination and applied for membership in Melanesian Spearhead Group, an intergovernmental organization among Melanesian countries in the Pacific region, which aims to cooperation to improve and promote the economy of its member countries. The ULMWP in Papua is becomes a big issue that RI recently concerns because of this organization considered to threaten the sovereignty and security of RI. Meanwhile, as a sovereign country, Republic of Indonesia has the right to protect its citizens and choose the best policy for its governance. In response the human rights issue in Papua, the RI basically already implemented policy such Special Autonomy in response the issue, where the policy contains the state recognition on the speciality of Papua also includes wide authority and special authority to govern governance and development according to the aspirations and needs of the people of Papua. In 2015, RI accepted the status in MSG as the associate membership, which before as the observer, where this status give RI an important role in the bilateral relations between RI and each members of MSG, while the ULMWP also get their status as the Observer. Seen this issue, based on the Public Diplomacy, RI use public diplomacy as in counter the ULMWP and the Papuan self-determination issue, especially to the Republic of Fiji that considered as the most influential country in the MSG also in the South Pacific region. Indonesian’s diplomacy to Fiji practiced through technical cooperation and south-south cooperation. This way is considered as the best way for RI in prevent as well as reduce the fully membership of ULMWP also the role of RI as a sovereign country, which cannot interference by any other countries. Keywords: ULMWP, Republic of Fiji, Republic of Indonesia, Diplomacy, Sovereignty, Public Diplomacy, Technical Cooperation. iv ABSTRAK Siti Raudina Carmelia Putri, 016201300141, “Indonesia’s Diplomacy towards Fiji in Preventing the Fully Membership of United Liberation Movement for West Papua into Melanesian Spearhead Group (2013-2016)” Pembimbing: Teuku Rezasyah, Ph.D. dan Bustanul Arifin, BA.IR, MA Papua adalah provinsi bagian timur dan terbesar di Indonesia. Isu pemisahan diri di Papua telah menjadi salah satu berita utama yang menarik perhatian di beberapa terakhir. Diwakili oleh ULMWP, Papua Barat mengemukakan gagasan untuk mengulang kembali penentuan nasib sendiri dan juga mengajukan keanggotaan di Melanesian Spearhead Group, sebuah organisasi antar pemerintah di antara negara- negara Melanesia di wilayah Pasifik yang bertujuan bekerjasama untuk memperbaiki dan mempromosikan ekonomi negara anggotanya. ULMWP di Papua menjadi isu besar yang baru-baru ini dikhawatirkan oleh RI, karena dinilai mengancam kedaulatan dan keamanan Republik Indonesia. Sementara itu, sebagai negara yang berdaulat, Republik Indonesia memiliki hak untuk melindungi warganya dan memilih kebijakan yang terbaik untuk tata kelola pemerintahannya. Pada tahun 2015, RI menerima status di MSG sebagai anggota asosiasi, yang sebelumnya sebagai pengamat, dimana status ini memberi RI peran penting dalam hubungan bilateral RI dan masing-masing negara anggota MSG, sedangkan ULMWP juga mendapatkan status mereka sebagai pengamat. Melihat isu ini, berdasarkan pengertian dari Diplomasi Publik, RI menggunakan diplomasi publik kepada MSG untuk melawan ULMWP dan isu penentuan nasib sendiri di Papua, khususnya kepada Republik Fiji yang dianggap sebagai Negara yang sangat berpengaruh di MSG dan juga di wilayah Pasifik Selatan. Diplomasi Indonesia terhadap Fiji dipraktekkan melalui kerja sama teknis dan kerjasama selatan-selatan. Cara ini dianggap sebagai cara terbaik bagi RI dalam menghalangi sekaligus mencegah keanggotaan penuh ULMWP dan peran RI sebagai negara berdaulat, yang tidak dapat dicampur tangan oleh negara lain. Kata Kunci: ULMWP, Republik Fiji, Republik Indonesia, Diplomasi, Kedaulatan, Diplomasi Publik, Kerjasama Teknik. v ACKNOWLEDGMENT Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Days turn into months then years. 3.5 years in President University becomes an unforgettable lesson for me as a student that finally has gone through one more important phase in life. During the process of doing this thesis, I learned many things, to be patient, to keep trying and never give up, and to understand that if we want to achieve something, it is cannot only be obtained by seeing and saying, but we must endlessly try to achieve that result. For me, completing this thesis is one of my greatest achievements in life and makes my parents proud. I am so grateful for what is given as well as the people around me who continue to motivate and encourage unceasingly. First of all, I would like to thank Allah SWT for His never-ending blessings given to me. To Prophet Muhammad SAW. I would like to thanks and bunch of love to both my parents, for their endless prayers and motivations they given to me, I present this thesis for them as a prove that their hard work educating me not in vain. And many thanks express to my sister and brother for their encouragement and support in working on this thesis until it is finally finish as well as their willingness to comfort me. Second, I would like to express my gratitude for my supervisor, Mr. Teuku Rezasyah for his effort in encourage his student, sharing his knowledge, also help me to finish my thesis with guidance, directed and advice, and spend the time for consultations. For Mr. Bustanul Arifin, for his time, support, and advice given to me, accept me for consultations even without making promises, and patience with the not-on-time of me, I thank you so much for that. Much gratitude I dedicated for my supervisors and their patience in help me finish this thesis in the midst of their busyness and weariness. vi Third, I would like to say thousand thanks to Teuku Haikal Putra, my one and only 24/7 I can rely on, his endless support and motivation during the proses of this thesis. Nasya Ramadhini Ameilina, a best friend, a sister, a friend that I can rely on that accompanying me from the first day in the university and always be there for me, joy and sorrow. To Liddinii Haniifa, a best friend who always listen my story, even in the middle of the night, the one who kind to anybody and always inspire me. Bunch of thanks to Hinayah Nur, my lovely classmate, the awesome friends that always ready whenever I need her. To Onasis Tarigan, my other human diary and a struggle-friend in finishing this thesis together. Atika Hardicha, Winnie Kosasih, Qatrunnada Fitria, Fatimah Zuhra, Anastasia Trinata Pranindita, Aprilia Kusumaningtyas, Amalisa Safira Damai, Asprilia Haifa, Fadilla, Lindie Rutry, Rahma Yustika, Ayu Santika, Maria Dwiajeng A, Jihan Dja’far S, Annisa Faza, Nurul Ilmi J, Mentary, Michelle Aretha, Rizky Anugerah P, Farhan Abdullah, Diazzamun Afif, Aprizal Alexander, Fairuz Izdi, billion of thanks I express for them who giving such beautiful memories in my university life, support and motivated me in finish this thesis,