NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA The Government of India ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT (75+543 Km Bathinda – Ludhiana Green Field Highway ) Development of access-controlled Ludhiana-Bathinda Greenfield Highway, starting from Delhi-Katra Expressway of NE-5 near Ludhiana (village Ballowal) and terminating at Amritsar-Bhatinda Greenfield highway at Bhatinda near Rampura Phul as a part of Ludhiana-Ajmer Economic Corridor in the State of Punjab under Bharatmala Pariyojana Consultant Amaltas Enviro Industrial Consultants LLP 2925 – Basement, Sector -46, Gurugram, August 2021 Haryana – 122003 Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1821/RA 0141 Rev .01 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1. PROPONENT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ........................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.3. PROJECT LOCATION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & CLEARANCE PROCESS .................................................................. 1-5 1.5. METHODOLGY ADOPTED FOR EIA STUDY ............................................................................................................. 1-18 1.5.1. Reconnaissance Survey ........................................................................................................................................ 1-18 1.5.2. Applicability of Environmental Regulations ........................................................................................................ 1-18 1.5.3. Study of Alternative ............................................................................................................................................. 1-22 1.5.4. Environmental profile at the local and regional level ........................................................................................... 1-22 1.5.5. Impact Assessment ............................................................................................................................................... 1-23 1.5.6. Public Consultation .............................................................................................................................................. 1-24 1.5.7. Environmental Monitoring and Management Plan ............................................................................................... 1-24 1.6. STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT: ..................................................................................................................................... 1-24 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1. PROJECT LOCATION ....................................................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2. WIDTH OF EXISTING CARRIAGEWAY ........................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2.1. Existing Carriageway ............................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2.2. Proposed Right of Way .......................................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.3. PROJECT IMPROVEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.3.1. Typical Cross Section ............................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.3.2. Bypasses ............................................................................................................................................................... 2-16 2.3.3. Major Interaction .................................................................................................................................................. 2-16 2.3.4. Flyovers ................................................................................................................................................................ 2-16 2.3.5. Bridges and Culverts ............................................................................................................................................ 2-17 2.3.6. Vehicular Under Pass (VUP) ............................................................................................................................... 2-19 2.3.7. Vehicle over pass (VOP) ...................................................................................................................................... 2-19 2.3.8. Light Vehicular Underpasses ............................................................................................................................... 2-20 2.3.9. Small Vehicles Underpass .................................................................................................................................... 2-23 2.3.10. Road Side Amenities ............................................................................................................................................ 2-26 2.3.11. Toll Plaza: ............................................................................................................................................................ 2-27 2.3.12. Way side Amenities / Service Areas .................................................................................................................... 2-27 2.3.13. Design Speed ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-28 2.4. TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................................................................................... 2-28 2.4.1. Forecasted Traffic ................................................................................................................................................ 2-28 2.5. NATURAL RESOURCE REQUIREMENT ..................................................................................................................... 2-32 2.5.1. Construction Water .............................................................................................................................................. 2-32 2.5.2. Sand...................................................................................................................................................................... 2-32 2.5.3. Borrow Area ......................................................................................................................................................... 2-33 2.5.4. Fly Ash Source ..................................................................................................................................................... 2-33 2.5.5. Aggregate Requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 2-34 2.6. LAND REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................................................................ 2-40 2.7. MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................... 2-40 2.8. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................................................ 2-40 3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE .................................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1. ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVES (With & Without Project) ..................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1. Without Project Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1.2. With Project Scenario ............................................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2. SELECTION CRETARION FOR OPTIONS FINALIZATION ......................................................................................... 3-3 3.3. STUDY OF ATLETNATIVE ............................................................................................................................................. 3-4 3.4. ALTERNATIVE IN TECHNOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 3-9 3.5. ENVIRONMENTAL PROSPECTIVE ............................................................................................................................. 3-10 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.