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A N D T E JAMES H SEPARATISTS . W . of HEN James I became king England , he tried , as English kings and queens had tried to s over before him , enforce Obedience to one ” “ e i n g church . I will have he said , one doc on e trine , discipline , one religion in substance ” an d ceremony . The wishes of his people mattered little to S him , I will govern , ran his haughty peech , according to the common weal , but not accord ing to the common will . To protest was vain , It is said he , high contempt in a subject to dispute what a d o o r king can , to say that a king cannot do ” this o r that . 2 S A N D EPARATISTS PURITANS . He believed firmly that “ a king is above law ” “ by his absolute power, and that a king can ” do no wrong . Hoping to maintain absolute power he al lied himself with the bishops of the English Church ; and insisted that the same church ser vice and the samechurch ceremonies Should be performed in every English parish . In many of the parishes there were men who disapproved of parts of the service and of many of the ceremonies . They wished to wor Ship God in a way purified from certain Old time customs , and were therefore called , mock in l . T g y at first , Puritans he Puritans refused to conform to the church . j ames said that they must conform . “ “ or I will make them conform , said he , I n or . will harry them out of this la d , worse of Then some the Puritans , believing that they had a right to j udge fo r themselves in such matters , broke away from the church and formed separate congregations of their own . Of n One these congregatio s met at Scrooby . C H R L E I A S . A N D T H E CHARLES PURITANS . 5 ’ A S J ames s threats were followed by pers ec u t ion , the Scrooby Separatists fled to Holland . There , outcasts from their country and wan dererS fo r Of the sake their religion , they began to Of speak themselves as Pilgrims . In time they crossed to America and settled at Ply mouth . A N D T H E U T CHARLES P RI ANS . T H E Puritans who remained within the church clung to it , hoping for better days ; but James died , and Charles came to the throne , and still their trials did not cease . ’ Charles had learned well his father s maxims, ” “ a king can do no wrong , a king is above law and soon proceeded to practise them . An English sovereign is bound , in law , to have a body of men , a parliament, to help him rule . Charles ruled alone , without a p arliament, 6 A N D SEPARATISTS PURITANS . for many years . B y his folly he lost all hold upon the people , and when the Scots rose for to in rebellion against him , trying make them accept some of the ceremonies of his oin d church , his English subjects j e them in a civil war . T for he war ended in a defeat Charles . He and . was dethroned , at last beheaded Afte r this the Puritan Independents had matters all their own way for a time ; but the C hange came too late to benefit those whom ’ Charles s rigor had driven from their homes . ou t During his lifetime , before the war broke , a large number Of Puritans had left England to begin at Salem and Boston the Colony of s B a Ma sachusetts y. T H E POK AN OK E T A N D MA S SA C H U S E TTS D A S I N I N . T H E country settled by the Pilgrims and Puritans was overrun by savage hordes of - - to straight haired , copper colored men whom f Columbus had given the name O Indians . N ew War was their main business , but the England Indians , though far from peaceful , had been somewhat tamed by planting c orn fields and building villages .