44 Excerpts from Worldwide Compoign Speech Five Yeqrs of People's Wqr I I a Following ore excerpts {rom the political power: revolutionary carried out in our homeland by the I moin speech given ot meetings held violence. The theory of seizing Peruvian people and the Communist oround the power peaceful road is guided 'Irorld os port"of the by the wrong, Party of Peru, by the invin- Worhwide Compoign to Support impracticable and revisionist. cible banners of Marxism-Leninism- i= the People's Wor in Peru. The Revolution is the overthrow of one Maoism, Guiding Thought of speech wos prepored by o Peru- class by another and the old classes Chairman Gonzalo. I vion living obrood who closely will never give up their political Let's look at some historical a { follows events in Peru. -AWTW power voluntarily, not even in the background. c worst crisis. The only way to deal The Communist Party of Peru, o SUMMING UP FIVE YEARS OF with them is to sweep them away the PCP, was reconstituted as a Par- i PEOPLE'S WAR IN PERU AND through revolutionary war, by ty of a new type, based on Marxism- THE CURRENT POLITICAL means of revolutionary armed force. Leninism-Maoism, Guiding SITUATION We should keep this universally Thought of Chairman Gonzalo, in valid principle in mind. other words, as a fighting machine PART ONE: SUMMATION OF We should also keep in mind one and not just an organising machine. FIVE YEARS OF PEOPLE'S of Marx's great teachings: If this hadn't been done, it would WAR "Once the banner of revolution is have been impossible to make raised, it cannot be lowered again." revolution. Without a Party there is Dear comrades. This means that the armed strug- no revolutionary general staff We will begin our exposition with gle must be organised and persisted leading the masses to seize power. a quote from Chairman Mao in. In order to launch the people's The Party is the principal instrument Tsetung: war in Peru the Communist Party of of the revolution, the heroic comba- "The seizure of power by armed Peru made the great decision never tant who leads the other two in- force, the settlement of the issue by to lay down its arms until com- struments, the united front and the war, is the central task and the munism is reached. armed struggle. highest form of revolution. This Founded October 7th 1928 by Marxist-Leninist principle of revolu- THE DEVELOPING PROCESS Jos6 Carlos Mari6tegui, the PCP tion holds good universally, for OF THE PEOPLE'S WAR IN could not consolidate as a Party of China and for all other countries." PERU a new type, because communist par- Chairman Mao teaches us that These five years of people's war ties have to undergo a process of there is only one way to seize represent a great epic, an epic being maturation. In the decade of the 45 :l ."' -'.;-'.';""Y" -' ';, ;11:lii,il;l1rl: ,o1i::3:i!lii;ll@,l!:is; :t,:::ri&s iii.'j.elirr]*,t D 1960s Marxism and revisionism within the Party and smashed the war on May lTth 1980, a far- s clashed on a world scale. This had its other factions whose actions were reaching step that has opened up a ! reflection within the Communist not open and above-board. Thus, new historical period in Peru. F Party of Peru. Thanks to Chairman through a long struggle, this red fac- In conclusion, this is the historical tr Mao, the PCP rediscovered tion became the Party. The background from which a Party of d Mariiitegui. At that time great mass reconstitution of the Party can be a new type arose, mature, fit to seize movements were unfolding: between divided into three periods: power, reconstituted through fierce { June 1963 and February 1964 half a - From 1963-69 is the period of two-line struggle, whose basis of z million peasants mobilised spon- Deciding to Reconstitute, guided by unity as a Party is Marxism- taneously to struggle for the land. the strategic line of surrounding the Leninism-Maoism, Guiding a! Workers and employees carried out cities from the countryside. In 1969 Thought of Chairman Gonzalo. o\ massive strike movements, without it was agreed to reconstitute the Par- Now let's talk about the different Or any central coordination, and ty, taking as its basis of unity periods in the armed struggle in university students did the same. All Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Peru. of this contributed to the develop- Thought, Jose Carlos Mariiitegui First period - the Definition, in ment of a movement within the and the Fifth Party Conference. 1979. The launching of the armed Communist Party itself. - From 1969 to 1975 is the Ap- struggle took place in the midst of a The revisionists within the Party plication of the Reconstitution, two-line struggle against those who were expelled in 1964. After that, a guided by the strategic line of wanted to continue reconstituting handful of communists became a rebuilding the Party on the basis of the Party and convert the Party in- faction within the Party. Chairman Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung to an organising machine instead of Mao says: outside the Party there Thought to carry out people's war. a fighting machine. The Party, are other parties and within the Par- - From 1975 to 1979 is the under Chairman Gonzalo's firm ty there are factions. He also says Culmination of the Reconstitution, leadership, didn't split during this that all groups of people can be whose strategic line was to culminate struggle, because once their reac- divided into left, centre and right. the Reconstitution and lay the basis tionary positions were smashed Lenin taught that a faction is a for the armed struggle. those who opposed initiating the grouping of communists who fight With the Reconstitution com- armed struggle left the Party in- to apply communist principles in the pleted, the Communist Party of dividually, as revisionists. Thus a purest manner. lt was Chairman Peru under the leadership of Chair- new stage, a different direction, had Gonzalo who forged the red faction man Gonzalo launched the people's (Continued to page 70). 70 (Continued from page 45). theory of people's war, with the been defined. building of the revolutionary armed Second period - the Preparation, forces and with strategy and tactics. from 1979 to the beginning of 1980. 3. The Programme of the Com- The Party agreed on a series of basic munist Party. In essence, it is a ques- political strategies to carry out the tion of the stages of the Peruvian revolution. These political strategies revolution: complete the democratic were: revolution, begin the socialist L Revolutionary violence. The revolution and then carry out several Party deeply studied the writings of cultural revolutions in order to the proletariat's great teachers from achieve communism. Marx to Chairman Mao Tsetung, on 4. The building of the three in- subjects from the necessity of using struments. revolutionary violence to seize - Regarding the Party. The power, to the theory of people's strategic plan to militarise the Par- war, which is the proletariat's fully ty was decided upon. This is a developed military theory. universally valid contribution by 2. General Line of the revolution Chairman Gonzalo. Lenin said that and the military line as its centre. we lived in the era of imperialism With Maoism's contributions, and that imperialism would collapse Chairman Conzalo developed in the midst of wars. Chairman Mao Maridtegui's thinking and establish- said in the 1960s that we were ed the General Line of the Peruvian undergoing a period of 50 to 100 revolution. ln 1979 this line was years in which the world would be adopted by the PCP. has five It Shantytown near Lirrter. greatly transformed and that the aspects: parties should adapt themselves for a. The character of Peruvian tion; and a revolutionary united these transformations. Chairman society. Our society is semi-feudal front, for the purpose of the armed Gonzalo says that therefore, the and semi-colonial. Semifeudal, struggle, based on the worker- Communist Party must militarise I because of its vast masses of peasant alliance and including those itself, the Party should be the I peasants who are doubly subjugated classes that make up the people: the vanguard of these wars against im- a by the feudal lord and the land. proletariat, peasantry, petit perialism, developing actions from S Semicolonial, because even though bourgeoisie and national small to large, centring on the gun. our country is relatively independent bourgeoisie. Since Marxism - Regarding the united front. The = politically it is economically depen- understands that who is com- identity between united front and i dent on imperialism, especially U.S. prehended within "the people" can state was determined. They are the imperialism. Bureaucrat capitalism change, we'll see later who actually P same in terms of their class composi- is developing within this semi-feudal makes up the united front today. tion. For example, Peru today is {a and semi-colonial society. It is a d. The character of the under a landlord-bureaucrat dic- q monopoly capitalism tied by a thou- democratic revolution. As we've tatorship, that is, a dictatorship of o sand threads to feudalism and im- pointed out, the democratic revolu- the big landowners together with the perialism. tion must accomplish two great big bourgeoisie. The state is a reflec- = b. The character of the Peruvian tasks, directed against feudalism tion of the front the reactionaries revolution. ln its present stage the and imperialism. It is a bourgeois- enter into.