BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh Submitted by 1 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh 2 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh 1. District Profile: 1.1 Historical Background The early history of Tikamgarh district is not chronicled, though the numerous ruins of Kudar, Prithvipur Barana, Lidhora, Digora, Mohangarh, Baldevgarh & Tikamgarh, suggest a glorious past. This district had been a part of vast empire of the Mauryans, the Sangas & the Guptas. During the first quarter of 9th century A.D., that Mannuka founded a new Chandela Dynesty in this area. Tikamgarh along with Khajuraho & Mahoba were the part of extended Chandela Kingdom. The Khangar Dynasty too established their sovereignty around this region especially Garha Kudar. The rising power of Bundelas in this region led to the downfall of the Khangars. The Orchha archive trace of descent of the Bundela Kingdom from Garha Kudar to Orchha. 1.2 Origin of Name The name of district originates from headquarter town of Tehri of Orchha state. In 1783 A.D. Raja Vikrmajit shifted his capital from orchha town to Tehri & renamed it as Tikamgarh, but was officially recognized in 1887. This name was adopted in the honor of lord Krishna, Tikam being one of his appellations. 1.3 Location and Boundaries Tikamgarh district is situated in the Northern part of Madhya Pradesh. It lies in North – Western part of sagar division. It is situated on the Bundelkhand Plateau between Jamuni, (a tributary of Betwa) & Dhasan River. It extends between the latitude 24 degree 26 minute and 25 degree 34 minute north and between 78 degree 26 minute and 79 degree 21 minute east Longitudes. The shape of the district is triangular. The northern margin is very irregular. The maximum length of the district is 119km. from north to south and width is about 80km. from East to West. Thus the total geographical extension of the distt. is 5048 sq. km.Tikamgarh district is bounded by chhatarpur district in the East, Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh in thewest, Distt. Jhansi of Utter Pradesh in the North and distt. Sagar in the South. The western and Eastern boundaries of the district are formed by two big rivers. 3 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh 1.4 Administrative Setup Tikamgarh district has been divided into 6 Tehsils and 6 Janpads i.e.Tikamgarh, Baldevgarh, Jatara, Palera, Niwari and Pithvipur. There are 12 Nagar Panchayats i.e. Kari, Badagaon, Baldevgarh, Khargapur, Jatara, Lidhora, Niwari, Taricharkalan, Palera, Prithvipur, Jeron Khalsa & Orchha and one Nagar Palika i.e. Tikamgarh, in the district. The names of 18 police stations located in the district are Tikamgarh, Digora, Lidhora, Palera, Kudila, Baldevgarh, Khargapur, Orchha, Mohangarh, Niwari, Jatara, Budera, Jeron, Badagaon, Teharka, Sendri, Simara & Prithvipur. Table No-1.4 Details of Development Blocks Geographical Number of Weekly S. Inhabited Village Block Area Nagar Haat No. villages Panchayats ( Sq. Km.) Panchayat Bazaar 1 Tikamgarh 867.6 155 79 2 30 2 Baldevgarh 858.96 151 80 2 30 3 Jatara 1008.6 171 93 2 29 4 Palera 748.22 135 71 1 24 5 Niwari 606.00 123 71 3 18 6 Prithvipur 958.62 130 65 2 23 TOTAL 5048 865 459 12 154 (Source – Distric t Statistical Bo ok 2006, Tika mgarh) The district has other line departments also, which work under District Collector and Zila Panchayat. The major departments working in co-operation with Zila Panchayat underBRGF scheme are as follows 1- Veterinary Department 2- Health & Family Welfare Department 3- Gram Udyog Department 4- Women & Child Welfare Department 5- Water Resources Department 6- Rural Engineering Services 7- Public Works Departments 8- Education Departments 9- Tribal Development Departments 10- M.P. State Electricity Board 4 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh The main administrative unit in PRIs is now Gram Sabha. There are 865 Gram Sabhas in the district. The Gram Sabhas have administrative and financial powers to carry out various responsibilities. Gram Sabhas are responsible for basic planning of their respective villages under the aegis of Gram Vikas Committee. They issue administrative sanctions and execute works up to Rs five Lacs. The Janpad Panchayat give administrative sanction upto Rs. ten Lacs, District Panchayat up to Rs. 50 lacs and Zila Yojana Samiti up to Rs. 150 Lacs. 1.5 Population The population of Tikamgarh district is about 12.03 lakes with population density 238 per Sq. km. more than the state average of 196 but less than the national average of 324. Within the district Prithvipur block has the least population density (166) with high migration rate because of the almost dry & Less productive land, whereas Niwari block totally surrounded & effected as well to the U.P.( the highest dense population state of India) has the highest population density (305). The sex ratio of the district at 886 is also very less than the state of 920 and the national figure of 933 respectively. Within the district whereas Tikamgarh is the best with sex ratio of 896, Niwari block is the worst with the figure of 883. The decadal population growth of the district is 27.86% which is higher than the state and national average of 24.34% and 21.34% respectively. The block wise demographic detail of the district is given in the table below. Table No. 1.5 Area wise Population Population S.No. Name of Area In Janpad Sq. Km. Male Female Total 1 Tikamgarh 858.96 102566 90604 193170 2 Baldevgarh 1008.60 127725 112835 240560 3 Jatara 748.22 93888 82523 176411 4 Palera 958.62 84249 74727 158976 5 Niwari 606.00 98079 86603 184682 6 Prithvipur 867.60 131406 117793 249199 Total 5048 637913 565083 1202998 (Source – District Statistical Book 2006, Tikamgarh) 5 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh 1.5.1 Density According to the census 2001, the density of population in the district is 238 persons. The rural areas it recorded to 213 persons per sq. km. where as in the urban areas the density is 547 persons per sq. km. Table No.1.5.1 Density of Population S. No. Name of Janpad Total Rural Urban 1 Tikamgarh 225 211 539 2 Baldevgarh 238 235 273 3 Jatara 236 224 592 4 Palera 166 158 211 5 Niwari 305 256 1442 6 Prithvipu r 287 203 1456 Average 243 215 752 (Source – District Statistical Book 2006, Tikamgarh 1.5.2 Sex Ratio The ratio of female per thousand males in the district was 877 in the year 1971. it was nearly same 876 in the rural areas best remarkably higher in the urban areas 898. the table given below shows change in the proportion of sex during the period 1951-2001, both in the rural and urban areas. Table No.1.5.2 Decadal Sex Ratio Year 2001 1991 1981 1971 1961 1951 Total 886 872 883 877 906 921 Rural 883 868 883 876 906 921 Urban 899 885 886 898 949 913 (Source – Dis trict Statist ical Book 2 006, Tikamgarh) 6 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh 1.5.3 Literacy Rate The rate of literacy is lower than the state & national averages. The literacy rate of the district is 55.73% which is below the state literacy rate 63.74% as well as the National literacy rate 65.38%. The female literacy rate is also much lower than state & National averages. The female literacy rate of the district is 40.99% which is lower then the state average 50.29% National average 54.16%, the main reason for this is unavailability of proper infrastructure like school buildings, laboratories etc. The following table shows block wise literacy position of the district: Table No.1.5.3 Block wise Literacy Rate S. Rural Literacy Urban Literacy Total Literacy Janpad No. Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 Tikamgarh 66.55 37.57 52.94 84.77 67.71 76.71 72.98 48.27 61.35 2 Baldevgarh 58.96 31.32 46.80 73.52 49.60 62.27 60.47 33.24 47.77 3 Jatara 63.16 34.22 49.70 76.91 52.47 65.25 64.64 36.27 51.41 4 Palera 68.89 39.61 55.24 75.77 50.11 63.73 69.46 40.49 55.94 5 Niwari 76.74 44.49 61.63 76.19 53.12 65.38 76.63 46.27 62.40 6 Prithvipur 68.45 38.95 54.65 70.47 44.60 58.32 68.84 40.05 55.36 Total 66.36 37.29 52.79 79.28 57.55 69.03 68.68 40.99 55.73 (Source – District Statistical Book 2006, Tik amgarh ) 1.5.4 Working P opulati on The poor educational status of the district is reflected in the figure of working population of the district. The working population is 47% of the total population. The majority of the working population is unskilled and employed primary sector. The major part of working population (approx. 80%) is engaged in agriculture and allied activities. Thus the agricultural activities are the major livelihood for the rural families. The following table shows the janpad wise working population details: 7 BRGF Action Plan, Tikamgarh Table No.1.5.4 Block wise Working Population Main Workers Total S. Name of Agri- House- Marginal Working Other Total No. Janpad Cultivators cultural hold Workers population Workers Man Laborers industries workers (7+8) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Tikamgarh 40043 6191 2147 22644 71025 32598 103623 2 Baldevgarh 46728 6258 2056 9249 64291 31421 95712 3 Jatara 58083 8724 2468 11786 81061 35949 117010 4 Palera 52470 6802 1385 6000 66657 19266 85923 5 Niwari 38247 6435 1930 14452 61064 24270 85334 6 Prithvipur 37125 3886 2185 8281 51477 27098 78575 Total 272696 382296 12171 72412 395575 170602 566177 (Source – District Statistical Book 2006, Tikamgarh) 1.5.5 Rural-Urban Classification Nearly 17.69% of the population lived in its 13 towns and rest 82.31 in the rural areas The rural areas extending over 4,659.19 sq.