BASEL CONVENTION METHODOLOGICAL GUIDE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVENTORIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTES AND OTHER WASTES UNDER THE BASEL CONVENTION BASEL CONVENTION METHODOLOGICAL GUIDE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVENTORIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTES AND OTHER WASTES UNDER THE BASEL CONVENTION CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................8 2. OBJECTIVE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GUIDE .......................................................9 3. NATIONAL REPORTING UNDER THE BASEL CONVENTION .......................................9 4. ROLES AND TYPES OF INVENTORIES ......................................................................... 11 4.1 FIRST GENERATION INVENTORIES .......................................................................................11 4.2 SECOND GENERATION INVENTORIES ...................................................................................11 4.3 USING INVENTORY DATA FOR NATIONAL REPORTING ...........................................................15 5. TEN STEPS TOWARDS A NATIONAL INVENTORY ..................................................... 15 5.1 STEP 1. INTERPRETATION OF DEFINITIONS ...........................................................................17 5.1.1 DEFINITION OF WASTE ..............................................................................................17 5.1.2 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE ..........................................................................17 5.1.3 DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN WASTES AND OTHER RELEASES ..........................................18 5.2 STEP 2. CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE STREAMS ......................................................................18 5.3 STEP 3. DEFINING THE SCOPE OF THE INVENTORY ................................................................20 5.4 STEP 4. IDENTIFYING MAJOR WASTE GENERATORS ...............................................................20 5.5 STEP 5. COLLECTING SITE SPECIFIC DATA .............................................................................21 5.6 STEP 6. VERIFYING SITE SPECIFIC DATA ................................................................................21 5.7 STEP 7. CALCULATING NATIONAL SUMMARIES .....................................................................22 5.8 STEP 8. DATA ON WASTE DISPOSAL AND RECOVERY .............................................................22 5.9 STEP 9. DATA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES AND OTHER WASTES ............23 5.10 STEP 10. ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS .....................................................24 6. METHODS FOR CALCULATING HAZARDOUS WASTES GENERATION IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY ........................................................................ 24 7. INVENTORIES OF SELECTED WASTE STREAMS ........................................................ 28 7.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................28 7.2 WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT ..............................................................29 7.3 WASTE MINERAL OIL AND OILY WASTES ..............................................................................29 7.4 HOUSEHOLD WASTE AND RESIDUES FROM THEIR INCINERATION ...........................................30 7.4.1 HOUSEHOLD WASTES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BASEL CONVENTION .............................30 7.4.2 RESIDUES FROM THE INCINERATION OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE ........................................31 7.4.3 HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE .............................................................................31 7.5 HEALTH-CARE WASTE ........................................................................................................32 7.6 SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRY AND THE INFORMAL SECTOR .........................................................33 7.7 ACCIDENTAL CHEMICAL OR HAZARDOUS WASTE RELEASES ..................................................34 7.8 HIGH VOLUME, LOW HAZARD WASTES ................................................................................34 8. HAZARDOUS WASTE AUDITS AND CASE STUDIES ................................................. 35 8.1 BASIC INFORMATION ........................................................................................................35 8.2 INPUT-OUTPUT BALANCES ................................................................................................35 8.3 WASTE DATA ....................................................................................................................35 8.4 WASTE SAMPLES ..............................................................................................................36 8.5 ACCESS TO PLANT SPECIFIC INFORMATION .........................................................................36 9. INVENTORIES BASED ON COMPLIANCE MONITORING .......................................... 36 9.1 CHALLENGES IN INVENTORIES BASED ON COMPLIANCE MONITORING ...................................38 9.2 CHALLENGES IN QUALITY CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE DATABASES ..............................39 10. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 40 4 | ANNEXES ANNEX 1A: EXTRACT OF THE REVISED QUESTIONNAIRE ON “TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION” ................. 43 ANNEX 1B: EXTRACT OF THE REVISED FORMAT FOR NATIONAL REPORTING .......................................................... 50 ANNEX 2: EXAMPLES OF POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS WASTE STREAMS .................................................................. 55 ANNEX 3: TEMPLATE FOR COLLECTING WASTE DATA FROM GENERATORS IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR . 62 ANNEX 4: CASE STUDY: PCB INVENTORY FROM ELECTRIC APPLIANCES ................................................................. 66 ANNEX 5: CASE: HOUSEHOLD SURVEY AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION FOR NUKUHETULU, TONGA .... 70 FIGURES FIGURE 1: ROLE OF FIRST GENERATION INVENTORIES IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT .............................................. 12 FIGURE 2: INTERACTION OF SECOND GENERATION INVENTORIES WITH WASTE POLICY ELEMENTS .......... 13 FIGURE 3: TEN STEPS TOWARDS A NATIONAL INVENTORY OF HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES ............. 16 FIGURE 4: ROADMAP FOR FIRST GENERATION INVENTORIES ....................................................................................... 25 FIGURE 5: ROADMAP FOR SECOND GENERATION INVENTORIES ................................................................................. 37 TABLES TABLE 1: EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF INVENTORIES .............................................................................................................. 14 TABLE 2: EXAMPLES OF WASTE FACTORS FOR SOME PETROCHEMICALS AND PLASTIC MATERIALS ........ 27 TABLE 3: OTHER HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATING SECTORS .................................................................................. 29 TABLE 4: WASTE GENERATION FACTORS FOR WASTE ENGINE OILS ......................................................................... 30 TABLE 5: CURRENT WASTE GENERATION PER CAPITA AND BY REGION.................................................................. 31 TABLE 6: CURRENT WASTE GENERATION PER CAPITA AND BY INCOME LEVEL ................................................... 31 TABLE 7: HEALTH-CARE WASTES FROM A CASE STUDY IN FINLAND ....................................................................... 33 TABLE 8: WASTE GENERATION FACTORS FOR TAILINGS ................................................................................................ 34 | 5 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AMAP Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme BREF Best Available Techniques Reference Document BCRC Basel Convention Regional Center BCRC-SEA Basel Convention Regional Centre for South-East Asia COP Conference of the Parties CPCB Central Pollution Control Board of India DEFRA Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs of the United Kingdom EIA Environmental impact assessment EIPPCB European Integrated Pollution and Prevention Control Bureau EPA Environmental Protection Agency E-PRTR European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register ESM Environmentally sound management EU European Union E-Waste Waste electrical and electronic equipment GDP Gross domestic product GIS Geographic information system GHS Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals HIV Human immunodeficiency virus HHW Household hazardous waste HS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System ICC Committee for Administering the Mechanism for Promoting Implementation and Compliance with the Basel Convention ICT Information and communication technology ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities MAP Mediterranean Action Plan MSDS Material safety data sheets MSW Municipal solid waste OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OEWG Open-ended working group PCB Polychlorinated biphenyl PCT Polychlorinated terphenyl PRTR Pollution release and transfer register PVC Polyvinyl chloride SBC Secretariat of the Basel Convention USA United States of America WCO World Customs Organization WHO World Health Organization 1. INTRODUCTION 1. Parties to the Basel Convention are required under Article 13, paragraph 3, of the Convention to transmit each year to the Conference of the Parties, through the Secretariat, information concerning the measures they have taken towards its implementation and certain other information related to the subject matter of the Convention. In order to assist parties to