Marine Science Unit 2.6 Simple Marine Animals Simple Marine Animals Unit 2.6 Simple Marine Animals Vocabulary. • Using Chapter 6 (pgs. 142-162) of the textbook provide a definition for each term. • Be sure to complete the vocabulary as we progress through the unit, it will be checked prior to the assessment. Note: The “Unit 2.6 Simple Marine Animals Vocabulary” worksheet can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6827 Simple Marine Animals What creatures can you identify in the image? What do these creatures have in common? • They are all animals. Simple Marine Animals Simple Marine Animals. • Over 100,000 known animal species inhabit the world’s oceans. - Many are unicellular microscopic organisms, others are “simple” multicellular animals. Graphic Organizer How do Animals Satisfy Their Nutritional Needs? Instructions: • Read through the introduction to the graphic organizer. • Read pgs. 143-147 of the textbook. • As you read, fill in the graphic organizer with important information about each of the basic nutrients. Note: The “Nutritional Needs” graphic organizer can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Entry Task(s) What are the seven nutrients required by animals to survive? • Sugars, Starches, Lipids, Proteins, Minerals, Vitamins, & Water. What does the following equation represent? • Dehydration Synthesis Simple Marine Animals Answer the following questions in your ISN. 1) Identify the seven nutrients found in all living cells. Which one constitutes the highest percentage of body weight? 2) Discuss the importance of minerals for animal nutrition? 3) Describe the role of water in living things. Entry Task(s) Where is the energy found in both carbohydrates & lipids? • Carbon-hydrogen bonds. Which nutrient used by living things mainly for growth & repair of cells? • Proteins Which is the most abundant nutrient found in organisms? • Water Simple Marine Animals Take a couple of minutes to scan the following reading. • Read pgs. 147-149 in the textbook. • See if you can find the answers to the following questions: 1) Explain how a huge whale can feed on microscopic plankton. 2) How are the zooplankton classified? 3) Why is the jellyfish considered planktonic? Simple Marine Animals What Kinds of Zooplankton Are Found in the Sea? Plankton. • Means “wanderer” • Organisms that float or drift on the ocean surface. - Plant-like, containing chlorophyll, are phytoplankton. - Animal & animal-like are zooplankton. • Can be caught by dragging a plankton net through the water. Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • So varied they are divided into two groups: - Temporary Plankton - Permanent Plankton Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Temporary Plankton - Embryos or larvae of fish, crabs, sponges, lobsters, clams, & other invertebrates. - Early part of life cycle floating & drifting near the surface of the ocean. - As adults, they are no longer plankton. Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Permanent Plankton - Remain plankton throughout their entire life cycles. Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Permanent Plankton Permanent Zooplankton Description 1) 2) 3) Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Foraminiferan - Unicellular protist. - Encased in calcium carbonate shell. - Cytoplasm flows through holes or pores formaing a sticky surface to catch food. - After death, shells accumulate & form thick chalky sediment deposits. Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Radiolarian - Unicellular - Transparent cell wall composed of silica. - Contain long branching spines, like the spokes of a wheel, for added buoyancy & protection. Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Zooplankton Diversity. • Copepod - Most numerous. - Tiny shrimplike animal, size of a grain of sand. phytoplankton copepod small fish & whales Pg. 148 Simple Marine Animals Sea Soup. • Plankton is an important food source. • Ocean as soup = Plankton as the suspended food particles. • Whales feed on the plankton. - Mouthfull of seawater. - Filter out plankton through huge, fringed plates. - Filter feeders - Shrimp-like zooplankton, krill. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-filter-feeder-2291891 Simple Marine Animals Sea Soup. • Bottom dwelling mollusks depend on plankton as food source. - Also filter plankton from the water. - Clams use microscopic hairs, cilia, to move water in order to filter out plankton. Simple Marine Animals Sea Soup. • Foundation of food webs. - Organisms rely directly or indirectly on plankton. - Plankton form the base of food chains/webs. Simple Marine Animals Answer the following questions in your ISN. 1) Explain how a huge whale can feed on microscopic plankton. 2) How are the zooplankton classified? 3) Why is the jellyfish considered planktonic? Simple Marine Animals “Observing Zooplankton” Lab Investigation 6 • Grab a copy of the pre-lab questions & lab investigation worksheet. • Read the procedures thoroughly, highlighting or underlining key information. • Answer the pre-lab questions. • Lab Investigation 6 will be conducted tomorrow. Entry Task(s) Read through the lab worksheet to be sure you know what you will be doing during each step of the procedures. • Leave your science notebook on the corner of your desk. Simple Marine Animals Laboratory Investigation 5 Lab Safety. Chemicals • Be sure to wash your hands after use. • If you get any in your eyes flush them thoroughly. Glass • Be careful when handling glassware. • If something breaks notify the teacher immediately. Spills • Quickly wipe up any spills to prevent slipping. Equipment • Be careful when handling equipment. Simple Marine Animals “Observing Zooplankton” Lab Investigation 6 • Labs will be conducted at the team lab stations. • Conduct the lab in order, according to the procedures provided in the lab worksheet. • Once lab is complete clean your stations: - Rinse & wipe petri dishes & slides - Wipe microscopes - Wipe your team stations. - Leave your stations cleaner than you found them. • Return to your seat & answer the conclusion & analysis questions following the lab. Entry Task(s) What organisms were you able to identify in yesterday’s lab? • Crab Larvae, copepods, etc. What structures did you use to identify the organisms? • Body, legs, arms, eyes, etc. Simple Marine Animals Take a couple of minutes to scan the following reading. • Read pgs. 150-155 in the textbook. • See if you can find the answers to the following questions: 1) How are the protozoans classified? 2) How does a protozoan carry out the process of cellular respiration? 3) Describe two ways that protozoa can reproduce. Graphic Organizer How do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Instructions: • Read through the introduction to the graphic organizer. • Read pgs. 150-151 of the textbook. • As you read, fill in the graphic organizer identifying the three major subgroups of protozoan & providing examples Note: The “Protozoan Life Functions” graphic organizer can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Simple Marine Animals How Do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Some zooplankton are members of a larger group of unicellular animal-like organisms called protozoa. • Plankton are usually found near the surface. • Protozoans are found on the surface of marine substrates & in bottom sediments. Protozoa can be subdivided into three major groups: • Ciliophora • Zoomastigina • Sarcodina Simple Marine Animals How Do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Ciliophora • Largest group of protozoa. • Freshwater & marine species containing cilia. • Free swimming using their cilia for locomotion. Organisms: • Spirostomum • Stylonychia • Vorticella Pg. 150 Simple Marine Animals How Do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Zoomastigina • Animal-like protists. • Move by means of a whiplike flagella. Organsims: • Euglena • Dinoflagellates https://www.flickr.com/photos/rogeliomorenog/8934977659 Simple Marine Animals How Do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Sarcodina • Live on the surface of substrates. • Move using cytoplasmic extensions called pseupods (“false feet”). Organisms: • Forams (Foraminiferans) • Radiolarians • Amebas https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Ameba Entry Task(s) What organism is represented in the image? • Vorticella What major group of protozoans is the organism classified as? • Ciliaphora Pg. 150 Graphic Organizer How do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Instructions: • Read through the introduction to the graphic organizer. • Read pgs. 151-155 of the textbook. • As you read, fill in the graphic organizer identifying the structure & its associated life function. Note: The “Protozoan Life Functions” graphic organizer can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Simple Marine Animals How Do Protozoans Carry Out Their Life Functions? Amazing group of organisms. • Carry out all necessary life functions within a single cell. Simple Marine Animals Ingestion & Digestion. Vorticella, a ciliated, sessile protozoan. • Large food particles are swept into the mouth by the movement of the cilia. • Enters food vacuoles, organelle within the cytoplasm. • Broken down into smaller particles. Pg. 150 Simple Marine Animals Respiration. Cellular respiration (aerobic respiration) • Takes place in the mitochondria. • 1 glucose = 36 ATP • Vorticella uses stored ATP for stalk contractions & cilia movement. - Cell