; t a II FROM-THE- LIBRARY-OP TR1NITYCOLLEGETORDNTO .TO THE PURE ALL THINGS ARE PURB" (Paris omnia para) Arab Proverb. 'Niuna corrotta mente intese mai sanamente parole." " "Decameron conclusion. " Erubui t, posuitque meum Lucretia librum " Sed coram Bru to. Brute I recede, leget. MarticU, " Mieulx est de ris que de larmes escripre, ' ' Pour ce que rire est le propre des hommes. RABBLAIS. "The pleasure we derive from perusing the Thousand-and-One Stories makes us regret that we possess only a comparatively small part of these truly enchanting fictions." CRICHTON'S "History of Arabia, upplrmcntal TO THE BOOK OF THE anfc a W/7V7 NOTES ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND EXPLANATORY VOLUME I. BY RICHARD F. BURTON -dSte- PRINTED BY THE BURTON CLUB FOR PRIVATE SUBSCRIBERS ONLY \ Shammar Edition Limited to one thousand numbered sets, of which this is Number. PRINTED IN U. S. A. 891)28 GENERAL STUDHOLME J. HODGSON. MY DEAR GENERAL, To whom with more pleasure or propriety can I inscribe to of old this volume than my preceptor past times ; my dear friend, whose deep study and vast experience of such light literature as The Nights made me so often resort to him for good counsel and right direction ? Accept this little token of gratitude, and believe me, with the best of wishes and the kindest of memories, Ever your sincere and attached RICHARD F. BURTON. LONDON, July 15, 1886. THE TRANSLATOR'S FOREWORD. AFTER offering my cordial thanks to friends and subscribers who have honoured "THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND A NIGHT" (Kama Shastra Society) with their patronage and approbation, " I would inform them that my "'Anthropological Notes are by no means exhausted, and that I can produce a complete work only by means of a somewhat extensive Supplement. I therefore propose to print (not publish), for private circulation only, five volumes, bearing title SUPPLEMENTAL NIGHTS TO THE BOOK OF THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND A NIGHT. This volume and its successor (Nos. i. and ii.) contain Mr. John the Arabic his three Payne's Tales from ; tomes, being included in my two. The stories are taken from the Breslau Edition where they are distributed among the volumes between Nos. iv. and xii., and from the Calcutta fragment of 1814. I can say little for the style of the story-stuff contained in this Breslaa text, which has been edited with phenomenal incuriousness. Many parts are hopelessly corrupted, whilst at present we have no means of amending the commissions and of supplying the omissions by comparison with other manuscripts. The Arabic vHi The Translator's Foreword. is not only faulty, but dry and jejune, comparing badly with that of the "Thousand Nights and a Night," as it appears in the Macnaghten and the abridged Bulak Texts. Sundry of the tales are futile the has little to recommend and not a few ; majority it, require a diviner rather than a translator. Yet they are valuable to students as showing the different sources and the hetero- geneous materials from and of which the great Saga-book has been compounded. Some are, moreover, striking and novel, especially parts of the series entitled King Shah Bakht and his Wazir Al-Rahwan (pp. 191-355). Interesting also is the Tale of the " "Ten Wazirs (pp. 55-155), marking the transition of the Persian Bakhtiyar-Nameh into Arabic. In this text also and " in this is found Galland's tale only popular Abou-Hassan ; a or, the Sleeper Awakened," which I have entitled The Sleeper and the Waker." " " In the ten volumes of The Nights proper, I mostly avoided parallels of folk-lore and fabliaux which, however interesting and valuable to scholars, would have over-swollen the bulk of a work especially devoted to Anthropology. In the " however it is otherwise Supplementals," ; and, as Mr. W. A. " Clouston, the Storiologist," has obligingly agreed to collaborate with me, I shall pay marked attention to this subject, which will thus form another raison d'etre for the additional volumes. RICHARD F. BURTON. JUNIOR TRAVELLERS' CLUB, December i, 1886. CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME. MM 1. THE SLEEPER AND THE WAKER 1 (Lane, ii. pp. 352-79, The Story of Abu-l- Hasan the Wag, or the Sleeper Awakened). a. STORY OF THE LARRIKIN AND THE COOK 4 2. THE CALIPH OMAR BIN ABD AL-AZIZ AND THE POETS . , 39 3. AL-HAJJAJ AND THE THREE YOUNG MEN .... 47 4. HARUN AL-RASHID AND THE WOMAN OF THE BARMECIDES 51 5. THE TEN WAZIRS ; OR THE HISTORY OF KING AZADBAKHT AND HIS SON 55 a. OF THE USELESSNESS OF ENDEAVOUR AGAINST THE PERSIS- TENT ILL FORTUNE 63 aa. STORY OF THE MERCHANT WHO LOST His LUCK . 6 b. OF LOOKING TO THE ENDS OF AFFAIRS 73 bb. TALE OF THE MERCHANT AND His SONS . it. c. OF THE ADVANTAGES OF PATIENCE 81 cc. STORY OF ABU SABIR ib. d. OF THE ILL EFFECTS OF IMPATIENCE 89 dd. STORY OF PRINCE BIHZAD ib. e. OF THE ISSUES OF GOOD AND EVIL ACTIONS 93 e. STORY OF KING DADBIN AND His WAZIRS ... 94 I x Contents. /. OF TRUST IN ALLAH * 102 ff. STORY OF KING BAKHTZAMAN ib. g. OF CLEMENCY 107 gg. STORY OF KING BIHKARD ib. h. OF ENVY AND MALICE in hk. STORY OF AYLAN SHAH AND ABU TAMMAM . .112 i. OF DESTINY OR THAT WHICH is WRITTEN ON THE FOREHEAD 120 zY. STORY OF KING IBRAHIM AND HIS SON ... .121 /, OF THE APPOINTED TERM, WHICH, IF IT BE ADVANCED, MAY NOT BE DEFERRED, AND IF ir BE DEFERRED, MAY NOT BE ADVANCED 129 jj. STORY OF KING SULAYMAN SHAH AND HIS NIECE . 131 k. OF THE SPEEDY RELIEF OF ALLAH 151 kk. STORY OF THE PRISONER AND HOW ALLAH GAVE HIM RELIEF ib. 6. JA'AFAR BIN YAHYA AND ABD AL-MALIK BIN SALIH THE ABBASIDE 159 7. AL-RASHID AND THE BARMECIDES ..... 165 8. IBN AL-SAMMAK AND AL-RASHID 171 9. AL-MAAMUN AND ZUBAYDAH 175 10. AL-NU'UMAN AND THE ARAB OF THE BANU TAY . .179 n. FIRUZ AND HIS WIFE 185 12. KING SHAH BAKHT AND HIS WAZIR AL-RAHWAN . 191 . TALE OF THE MAN OF KHORASAN, HIS SON AND HIS TUTOR . 194 >. TALE OK THE SINGER AND THE DRUGGIST 203 t. TALE OF THE KING WHO KENNED THE QUINTESSENCE OF THINGS 212 d. TALE OF THE RICHARD WHO MARRIED HIS BEAUTIFUL DAUGH- TER TO THE POOR OLD MAN ai8 <. TALE OF THE SAGE AND HIS THREE SONS 22* Contents. xi /. TALE OF THE PRINCE WHO FELL IN LOVE WITH THE PICTURE 226 g. TALE OF THE FULLER AND HIS WIFE AND THE TROOPER . 231 h. TALE OF THE MERCHANT, THE CRONE, AND THE KINO . 235 i. TALE OF THE SIMPLETON HUSBAND ...... 239 j. TALE OF THE UNJUST KING AND THE TITHER .... 242 />'. STORY OF DAVID AND SOLOMON 244 k. TALE OF THE ROBBER AND THE WOMAN 246 /. TALE OF THE THREE MEN AND OUR LORD ISA . 250 //. THE DISCIPLE'S STORY . 251 m. TALE OF THE DETHRONED RULER WHOSE REIGN AND WEALTH WERE RESTORED TO HIM ......... 253 *. TALE OF THE MAN WHOSE CAUTION SLEW HIM . 258 e. TALE OF THE MAN WHO WAS LAVISH OF HJS HOUSE AND HIS PROVISION TO ONE WHOM HE KNEW NOT. .... 259 /. TALE OF THE MELANCHOLIST AND THE SHARPER . 264 q. TALE OF KHALBAS AND HIS WIFE AND THE LEARNED MAN . 267 r. TALE OF THE DEVOTEE ACCUSED OF LEWDNESS . 270 /. TALE OF THE HIRELING AND THE GIRL 279 t. TALE OF THE WEAVER WHO BECAME A LEACH BY ORDER OF HIS WIFE 282 ti. TALE OF THE Two SHARPERS WHO EACH COZENED HIS COMPEER 288 * TALE OF THE SHARPERS WITH THE SHROFF AND THE Ass . 298 . TALE OF THE CHEAT AND THE MERCHANTS .... 302 wa. STORY OF THE FALCON AND THE LOCUST. 305 *. TALE OF THE KING AND HIS CHAMBERLAIN'S WIFE ... 308 xa. STORY OF THE CRONE AND THE DRAPER'S WIFE . 309 y. TALE OF THE UGLY MAN AND HIS BEAUTIFUL WIFR . 315 *. TALE OF THE KING WHO LOST KINGDOM AND WIFE AND WEALTH AND ALLAH RESTORED THEM TO HIM . 319 aa. TALE OF SALIM THE YOUTH OF KHORASAN AND SALMA, HIS SISTER 332 M. TALE OF THE KING OF HIND AND HIS WAZIR .... 351 SUPPLEMENTAL NIGHTS TO THE BOOK OF THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND A NIGHT. THE SLEEPER AND THE WAKER. 1 IT hath reached me, O auspicious King, that there was once & Baghdad, in the Caliphate of Harun al-Rashid, a man and a merchant, who had a son Abu al-Hasan-al-Khah"a by name. 8 The merchant died leaving great store of wealth to his heir who 1 " Arab. Al-Naim wa al-Yakzn." This excellent story is not in the Mac. or Bresl. Edits.; but is given in the Breslau Text, iv. 134-189 (Nights cclxxii.-ccxci). It is familiar " " to readers of the old "Arabian Nights Entertainments as Abou- Hassan or the Sleeper " Awakened ; and as yet it is the only one of the eleven added by Galland whose original has been discovered in Arabic : the learned Frenchman, however, supplied it with embel- lishments more suo, and seems to have taken it from an original fuller than our text as is shown by sundry poetical and other passages which he apparently did not invent. Lane ii. (vol. chap. 12.), noting that its chief and best portion is an historical anecdote related as a fact, is inclined to think that it is not a genuine tale of The Nights. He finds it in Al-Ishakf who finished his history about the close of Sultan Mustafa the Osmanli's reign, circa A.H.