EXODUS XXVII, 26 n: ,-i]gn nlbU ,Fq+p ephod, in the forepart thereof. 26. And nnnil nJp,v,pil TFa nnlp,i'Fq htsp'F9 thou shalt make two rings of gold, and thou put them upon the two ends of the shalt i,lp tr;? brp*$ ITTFIF'bu 26 breastplate, upon the edge thereof, which is r,ij ntlprt !'Uil Tx,I toward the side of the ephod inward. 27. And thou shalt make two rings of gold, *X'lp4 rntrr+y lr4lry,:r nt$p pp'by Efrt ij4ul and shalt put them on the two shoulder- pieces of the ephod underneath, in the ,lARJl l,.rtr:p TPh&; :tp 27 forepart thereof, close by the coupling :,T n}'plililv !'ppl thereof, above the skilfully woven band of lnurbp the ephod. 28. And they shall bind the nbpb- l-i ! liai? bmnJ' hoLbnr -: llnxn"l, nlAn:3' " 3 Ef,xt breastplate by the rings thereof unto the .? rings of the ephod with a thread of blue, ?uln,'l'nN lDr'lll I -t'iEXLl :unb byen ]n:!nD za that it may be upon the skilfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastplate be not loosed from the ephod. 29. And *p nr:* n?;l b'!+t i'rry,7 ny?t1'b;r tfulun Aaron shall bear the names of the children ? of Israel in the breastplate ofjudgment upon ?:,'1X' NU)'i l'f !EN,J bpn rH'l(h ']JFI-{,J llpj:.| 2e his heart, when he goeth in unto the holy | -:t- JT?: l "l? IPnn place, for a memorial before the Lono con- tinually. 30. And thou shalt put in the *x t$r? i?!'bp bpVFil iyFp b{Ipt':lp ntAp'n$ breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron's repr{rFir i']'F[r ,'i],I.t?b uli?'l ] heart, when he goeth in before the Lono; ipil'bN i+: n?T? and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the pP? 15:p i',:'i D'Dl;-n$l i'1lx;-n$ *iit' l't4pt:)'bl Lonn continually. 11 31 . And thou shalt make the robe of the ephod all of .)Eb -. tpb'by-r'. - bx:ip*t)!1.. T i. t,.; rcbrrr:'nx- . , .t ?-t,.rf| -3t- Hu)lJT a3 nlrlAT blue. 32. And it shall have a hole for ).,.. 'lElthp the head in the midst thereof; it shall * rnhry ),?eT?sil I'pF'nS !'yJpl D lr,FR ,t11 3r 'p f iy3i5p v. 28. 2G28. Two rings were to be attached to the Thummim' was the term whereby the twelve inner lower corners of the breastplate. Two stones were clenoted. The fact that the breast- other rings were to be placed on the lower part plate is called 'the breastplate of judgment' of the shoulder-straps. Threads of blue passing indicates that the breastplate itself, and not through the rings tied them together. By these something distinct from it, wAS the rnedium of means the breastplate was kept firmly in its place the Divine communications. In tr-ev. vil, 8, the on the breast of the High Priest. Urim and the Thummim alone are mentioned, precious proof 29. for A metnortal. 'The stones on his heart not the stones-a strong of the are Aaron's silent prayer to God on behalf of identity of both. his entire people' (8. Jacob). Scripture records that in times of doubt and national crisis during the earlier period of 30. the Urtm and the Thurnmim. lit. 'the Israel's history, the people consulted the Urim Lights and the Perfections'; which may mean, in and the Thummirn for information and guidance accordance with Heb. idiom, 'perfect lights.' (Num. )Lxvrr, 2l; r Sam. xxvrl, 6); but what Were the Urim and the Thummim identical the procedure \\'as is nowhere explained. No with the breastplate and the twelve brilliant recourse to the Urim and the Thummim is stones, or were they distinct from it? At first mentioned after the days of David. They remain view, the wording of this verse, 'thou shalt put one of the most obscure subjects connected with in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the the High Priesthood. Thummim,' seems to favour the latter alternative; and many moderns think, 'they were two sacred Iots, used for the purpose of ascertaining the 31-35. Tsn Rosn Divine Will on questions of national importance' 31. robe. A long garment worn by men of (Driver). Rashi, Iikewise, supposes that it was high rank. Whether the 'robe' was always some material upon which the Name of God sleeveless is uncertain, but that of the High was engraven, rvhich the High Priest carried in Priest was so. It is called 'robe of the ephod', the breastpiate. Against this opinion it is urged because the ephod was worn over it. that in chap. xxxrx, where the making of the all of blue. The garment was woven of one breastplate is given in detail, nothing is said in kind of thread only; the colour blue was signifi- regard to the fashioning of the Urim and the cant; cf. the thread of blue on the 'fringes' Thummim, Thus, it seems that 'the Urim and the (Num. xv, 38). 342 ffi- 1f EXODUS XXVIII, 33 n: ,'i]gn n]nU have a binding of woven work round nppp 'l,F?,},:: ,'r+V r;rnB t{}r-l-!F ,'l:il 3: about the hole of it, as it were the hole :'I? of a coat of mail, that it be not rent. .p? 33. And upon the skirts of it thou shalt rllra'by F'ppl lp:p: x? r?',::il H?Tr r':tx:, make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, round about the skirts r,p? r.brErbp.ir{r nl}tni n*! thereof ; and bells of gold between them l)hppr ifpl:Xl }bl round about : 34. a golden bell and a pal r: pomegranate, a golden bell and a pome- ?10't]I a '3 ili\tr Thryp :Ti iaIP r:.?? n;rru:il granate, upon the skirts of the robe round about. 35. And it shall be upon ypp)1 n:\+,? ,l:,:'l ir.p? b.p4n'blrp*y ii- Aaron to minister; and the sound thereof i?,J$')p shall be heard when he goeth in unto the holy place before the Lono, and when he D ln!F: x?l r|xs?'l ,lJ,]l }pb ult ,l'bN 'lxfl ibrp cometh out, that he die not. 11 36. And thou plate shalt make a of pure gold, and en- u1p D[rh.n!np i.'?y 36 grave upon it, like the engravings of a Dirnprll,Jp:Fi F'$ !'pp1 signet: HoLy ro rHE LoRD. 37. And thou shalt put it on a thread of blue, and it shall np;,T,p,l'bp ,-gT1 n?;R b'[r?'by inx R?p1 t,.1l,T? 3- be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be. 38. And it shall be xq?1 n$i:'by h:,?'1 l,l:,1: npiyp,:l-lt? bm-b$ 3s upon Aaron's forehead, and Aaron shall i',r:r bear the iniquity committed in the holy -)?? things, which the children of Israel shall bx:p: l)? iu'rl?t:pS E'uJp,:r Tjyns F,IS hallow, even in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they trF? 'r'A!'insn'bP ,'ilry FF'pTp nlFD may be accepted before the Lono. 39. And It?b ii)'# thou shalt weave the tunic in chequer work tt)3x1 rprp nD)sD n'Up] uu mhrn hslu]. t,'11n. 3e -),.i A.. l'J'i:' , t'l: ',') 3 - t. - 3 !I t 32, for the head. The robe had an opening of that service. It proclaimed the spiritual ideal only on top. It had, therefore, to be drawn of which the Sanctuary was the concrete emblem. over the head; and to prevent the material from tiuiirrg, thJ *as sirergtrrerea Uiftili-;| 37.. thread od llue. A, threq{ of blue, attached aaAiti6irat weaiing."dgi to the extremities of the gold- plate,,.kept it in position upon the forehead of the High Priest; 33-35. The hem of the robe-r*t"iful,- was adorned -po',,o with but between the skin and the plate was the linen balls of richly colourea of of the mitre (see u. 39). granate pair_ shape. Between--each of _pome- 3g. Aaron shall bear, The meaning is probably granates golden was a bell. The Talmud states this: what is presented to God must be without that there were 72 ornaments around the hem. priest blemish' and the mode of presentation must be The High was on no account to officiate in agreement with the prescribed rites' Should without donning his garments. The bells attached to the robe indi*cated't' tr,"-iong*s"tio" fiihi g:liiJ'#Xl".Br?l'*"T,ff;lTltf Court when he was performing his duties. the Hiah-pridt ihe;rp."siUifitr--f+"ffinlrt: people gaye_them- -custodian;;sd;, K4isch explains: 'The whole is the of th; !ili;;.y;- ild, iy qqlugs !p to prayer_ and repentance, wlril_s_t $e virtue of his sacred om"e, iii^pfintO tii tfri, High_ Priest stepped into _the Holv o-f Holies goroptaii r,i. ]oritriua;ht;;-6;ie diuire to officiate in their name. It was therefore most acceptance"" of the offerings brought to the altar appropriate that they should all know the o'f;rij;, ni,imeint when he uoiv Jinori"i.' "nt6."J-it " upon his forehead.