Holocaust Memorial Days An overview of remembrance and education in the OSCE region 27 January 2015 Updated October 2015 Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 2 Albania ................................................................................................................................. 13 Andorra ................................................................................................................................. 14 Armenia ................................................................................................................................ 16 Austria .................................................................................................................................. 17 Azerbaijan ............................................................................................................................ 19 Belarus .................................................................................................................................. 21 Belgium ................................................................................................................................ 23 Bosnia and Herzegovina ....................................................................................................... 25 Bulgaria ................................................................................................................................ 26 Canada .................................................................................................................................. 28 Croatia .................................................................................................................................. 31 Cyprus .................................................................................................................................. 33 Czech Republic .................................................................................................................... 34 Denmark ............................................................................................................................... 37 Estonia .................................................................................................................................. 39 Finland .................................................................................................................................. 41 France ................................................................................................................................... 43 Georgia ................................................................................................................................. 46 Germany ............................................................................................................................... 47 Greece ................................................................................................................................... 49 Holy See ............................................................................................................................... 51 Hungary ................................................................................................................................ 53 Iceland .................................................................................................................................. 56 Ireland ................................................................................................................................... 57 Italy ....................................................................................................................................... 60 Kazakhstan ........................................................................................................................... 63 Kyrgyzstan ........................................................................................................................... 64 Latvia .................................................................................................................................... 65 Liechtenstein ........................................................................................................................ 68 Lithuania ............................................................................................................................... 69 Luxembourg ......................................................................................................................... 71 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ........................................................................... 74 Malta ..................................................................................................................................... 76 Moldova ............................................................................................................................... 77 Monaco ................................................................................................................................. 78 Mongolia .............................................................................................................................. 79 Montenegro .......................................................................................................................... 80 Netherlands ........................................................................................................................... 81 Norway ................................................................................................................................. 83 Poland ................................................................................................................................... 85 Portugal ................................................................................................................................ 88 Romania ............................................................................................................................... 90 Russian Federation ............................................................................................................... 93 San Marino ........................................................................................................................... 94 Serbia .................................................................................................................................... 95 Slovak Republic ................................................................................................................... 97 Slovenia ................................................................................................................................ 99 Spain ................................................................................................................................... 101 Sweden ............................................................................................................................... 104 Switzerland ......................................................................................................................... 106 Tajikistan ............................................................................................................................ 109 Turkey ................................................................................................................................ 110 Turkmenistan ...................................................................................................................... 111 Ukraine ............................................................................................................................... 112 United Kingdom ................................................................................................................. 115 United States ...................................................................................................................... 118 Uzbekistan .......................................................................................................................... 120 Annex 1 .................................................................................................................................. 121 Annex 2 .................................................................................................................................. 125 Holocaust Memorial Days: An overview of remembrance and education in the OSCE region Foreword On 27 January 1945, the survivors of the Shoah were liberated from the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. Today, 27 January is a day of remembrance and commemoration for the victims and an opportunity to pay tribute to the survivors of the unprecedented tragedy that has come to be known as the Holocaust. Seventy years after the liberation, the willingness of survivors to share their stories, their determination and their strength, are constant reminders of the need to confront the past and of our responsibility to counter anti-Semitism, as well as to defend human rights and fundamental freedoms wherever, whenever they are threatened. As part of their commitments to strengthen security and defend human rights, participating States of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) have pledged to promote remembrance of the Holocaust.