Appendix A Huma Naqvi ‘Dilli me chal rahe adhyatimic guru shree shree ravishankar ke dharmik aayojan me saniwar ko ek ajeb nazara dekhne ko mila. Manch per maujood thee grihmantri rajnath Singh aur unke samne hi shree shree Ravishankar ne jai Hind aur Pakistan zindabad ka udghosan kya. Ek bar ko koin heart me pad gya lekin jald hi shree shree ne mansha spasth karte hue kaha ki jai Hind aur Pakistan zindabad ka nara ek saath kue nhi lag sakta. Bhakto kanhyaha yaad hi tumko? Aur waqil babu aap hi jee jinhone Kanyaha to adalat me thok dya. News from Hindi daily, AmarUjala’. Rajkumar Verma ‘Huma jee yaha to tasvir ulti ho gai, yaha per Pakistan zind- abad ka nara lagane wale ko puri suraksha muhaya hi, balki deshbhakt Sarkar sena ko bhi inka naukar bana deti hi, aur to aur upar se deshbhakt Sarkar ko chee chee dhamki bhi dete hi ki who jurmana bhi nahi denge’. रश्मि सिंह ‘Shree Shree ne ye bhi bola kya ‘bharat tere tukde honge insallah insallah?? Logic bhi bada ajeeb Vishay hi’ insan ka khun lal hi gadhee ka khun bhi lal hi so insan gadha hi. Vijay Pal Singh Sangwan ‘Iss Shri Shri ko Pakistan kab bhej rahe ho sanghio?’ Dinesh Sharma ‘Sunyojit apradh aur anjane me hue apradh me antar hota hi aur uske picche chupi mansha ke bare me bhi jankari honi chayeh. Koi baat kisi bhi parasthiti me kis andaj me boli gai hi yeh bhi mayne rakhti hi. Aap to samajdhar hi ki galti ho to chama prathi jee.’ © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 113 S. Moinuddin, The Political Twittersphere in India, Springer Geography, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11602-6 Appendix B Facebook has been the undisputed behemoth of social media for years now, but a study shows that this may be changing among the youth. It is easy to come across people who can’t go through a day without accessing Facebook. But now, Twitter has entered the fray and is eating into Facebook’s user base. And importantly it is attracting the youth who form such a big mainstay of social media business. Twitter is used more as a listen exercise. Users listen in on what the target audience discussed. That way, they can stay up to date on industry trends and give users what they want. It can be a valuable tool to get almost instantaneous news updates. By the end of 2012, 21% of the global Internet population used Twitter on a regular basis. Each month, 288 million people sign in at least once. The popularity of Facebook and Twitter differs by age ranges. Just over 30% of Facebook users are younger than 34 years old. Meanwhile, 45% of users are over 45 years old. But nearly half of all Twitter users are under the age of 34 years old, and only 30% are over 45 years old. When asked, Jayanti M, a final-year medical student who uses Twitter very regularly and has a few hundred ‘followers’ on the platform said ‘Twitter works well for people who are too lazy to sit and write entire blogs. It makes it easier to connect to like-minded people from across the globe, and also, it is easier to voice your thoughts on Twitter because all the family and relatives are yet to discover Twitter unlike Facebook’.1 1http://www.dnaindia.com/scitech/report-Twitter-becoming-more-popular-than-facebook-among- the-youth-1872226, last accessed March 21, 2016. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 115 S. Moinuddin, The Political Twittersphere in India, Springer Geography, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11602-6 Appendix C When the saga of Twitter started in India is not exactly known but among politi- cians, Congress Party member of Parliament and former Union Minister Mr. Shashi Tharoor were somehow responsible when he once twitted ‘cattle class’ in solidarity with all our ‘holy cows’.2 Of course, it became contentious issue in the politics and Congress Party had defended that he is being a new in the politics; in future, he would care of all this; no one should hurt at all. The gossips about Twitter discussed in various colour across old media and social media. In between such contentious idea, Twitter expanded its reach, and over a period of time, it established and became one of important SNSs across different sections of people including politicians as well. 2For details see, http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tharoors-cattle-class-tweet-annoys- congress/article21179.ece, last accessed March 23, 2016. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 117 S. Moinuddin, The Political Twittersphere in India, Springer Geography, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11602-6 Appendix D Without knowing what he was doing, Sohaib Athar, a.k.a. @ Really Virtual, has more or less just live-tweeted the raid in which terrorist Osama bin Laden was killed on Sunday. The IT consultant resides in Abbottabad, the town where Osama bin Laden was found and killed by US military operation. Athar first posted about events surrounding the raid 10 h before the publication of this article, written, ‘Helicopter hovering above Abbottabad at 1 AM (is a rare event)’. He didn’t realize that he’d been tweeting about a top-secret attempt to kill an internationally wanted terrorist until nine hours later. Athar reported that one of the copters he’d heard had crashed and that the aircraft were not Pakistani. We now know that four helicopters had been sent to raid bin Laden’s mansion in the town, and one was hit by enemy fire from the ground. During the raid, Athar speculates that he was two or three kilometres away from the shooting that took place. Once news broke that bin Laden had been killed in Abbottabad, Athar tweeted, ‘Uh oh, now I’m the guy who live blogged the Osama raid without knowing it’. Athar further reported that traffic was shut down in some areas, and the army had cordoned off the helicopter crash site. Yet, he remains humble. ‘I am JUST a tweeter, awake at the time of the crash. Not many Twitter users in Abbottabad, these guys are more into Facebook. That’s all’.3 3For details see, http://mashable.com/2011/05/02/live-tweet-bin-laden-raid/# last accessed, March 20, 2016 (It was Sohaib Athar who first acknowledged the incident even without the knowing what exactly going on). © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 119 S. Moinuddin, The Political Twittersphere in India, Springer Geography, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11602-6 Appendix E Aircel-Maxis Deal April–May 2011: The Aircel-Maxis deal came under the scanner after Aircel owner C. Sivasankaran lodged a complaint with the Central Bureau of Investigation alleging that he was pressurized to sell his stakes to Maxis. September 2011: The arbitral tribunal rejected Mr. Sivasankaran’s allegation regarding breach of obligations on the part of buyers in undertaking an IPO of Aircel. The tribunal directed him to pay Maxis’s legal costs of $7.9 million, of which at least $1.4 million was paid. The award was not challenged. October 2011: The CBI filed a case alleging that Mr. Sivasankaran, who had applied for spectrum licence, was coerced into selling his company to Maxis. It is later alleged that the Maxis Group, which bought 74% stakes in Aircel in March 2006, invested Rs. 742 crore in Sun Direct between 2007 and 2009. May 2014: The CBI told the Supreme Court that there was difference of opinion between the CBI Director and the prosecution regarding filing of the charge sheet. On reference, the Attorney General opined that there was enough prosecutable evidence. July 2014: Maxis Communications Berhad on July 25 urged Finance Minister Arun Jaitley that it be treated in a fair manner, citing a contrary opinion by two retired Chief Justices of India. August 2014: The CBI on August 29 filed charge sheet against former Telecom Minister Dayanidhi Maran and his brother Kalanidhi Maran; T. Ananda Krishnan, owner of Malaysian company Maxis; Ralph Marshall, a senior executive of the Maxis Group, and four companies, including the Sun Direct TV Pvt. Ltd. 5 February 2015: Marans moved the Supreme Court challenging the 2G Special Court’s decision to summon them in the Aircel-Maxis case. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 121 S. Moinuddin, The Political Twittersphere in India, Springer Geography, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11602-6 122 Appendix E: Aircel-Maxis Deal 6 February 2015: The Supreme Court recalled its order refusing to entertain petitions of the former Telecom Minister Dayanidhi Maran and his brother, Kalanithi Maran, to quash summons in the Aircel-Maxis case issued by a special court trying the 2G spectrum scam. 9 February 2015: The Supreme Court refused to intervene with a summons order issued by the 2G Special Court to former Telecom Minister Dayanidhi Maran and his brother Kalanithi Maran in connection with the Aircel-Maxis deal case. 16 March 2015: Marans challenged the jurisdiction of the Special CBI Court over the Aircel-Maxis deal case. 1 April 2015: The Enforcement Directorate attached assets estimated at Rs. 742.58 crore held by Dayanidhi Maran and his brother Kalanithi Maran and wife Kavery Kalanithi. 3 August 2015: The CBI told a special court that Malaysian authorities were not ‘cooperating’ in the service of summons against four accused in the Aircel-Maxis deal case after which the judge issued fresh summons. 21 August 2015: Supreme Court stays ED move to attach Sun TV assets.