DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR ROUGHSTONE PERAMBALUR DISTRICT TAMILNADU STATE (Prepared as per Gazette Notification S.O.3611 (E) dated 25.07.2018 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change) 1 Chapter Content Page No. 1. Introduction 3 2. Overview of Mining Activity in the District 3 3. General Profile of the District 3-7 4. Geology of Ariyalur District 7-12 5. Drainage of Irrigation pattern 12-13 6. Land Utilisation Pattern in the District: Forest, Agricultural, 13-14 Horticultural, Mining etc., 7. Surface Water and Ground Water scenario of the District 14-19 8. Climate and Rainfall of the District 19-21 9. Details of Mining Leases in the District 22-32 10. Details of Royalty or Revenue received in last three years 33 11. Details of Production of Minor Mineral in last three years 33 12. Mineral Map of the District 34 13. List of Letter of Intent (LOI) Holder in the District along with 35-36 its validity 14. Total Mineral Reserve available in the district 37 15. Quality/Grade of Mineral available in the district 38 16. Use of Mineral 38 17. Demand and supply of the Mineral in the last three years 38 18. Mining Leases marked on the map of the district 38 19. Details of the area of where there is a cluster of the mining 39 leases 20. Details of Eco-sensitive area 39 21. Impact on the environment due to Mining activity 39-41 22. Remedial measures to mitigate the impact of mining on the 41-43 environment 23. Reclamation of the mined out area 43 24. Risk assessment & Disaster Management Plan 43-44 25. Details of Occupational health issue in the District 45 26. Plantation and Green belt development in respect of leases 45 already granted in the district 27. Any other information 45 2 1. Introduction In pursuance to the Gazette Notification, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, the Government of India Notification No. S.O.3611 (E) dated 25.07.2018 laid procedure for preparation of District Survey Report of minor minerals other than sand mining or river bed mining. The main purpose of preparation of District Survey Report is to identify the mineral resources and developing the mining activities along with other relevant data of the District. 2.0 Overview of Mining Activity Minerals of Economic importance found in Perambalur District are mainly Limestone, Fireclay, Gypsum, Limekankar, varieties of black granites (Dimensional stones), Rough stone(aggregates) and gravel/earth. Mining activities based on these minerals are very less. However, numerous Rough Stone quarries are under operation for production of construction materials in Esanai, Vengalam, Kalpadi, Nattarmangalam, Naranamangalam, Padalur in the district. In addition to above, ‘Dimensional Stones’ (Black Granite) is also available in Neikuppai, V.Kalathur and Keelapuliyur villages. Limestone mines are located in the eastern part of the district during the Cretaceous formation. Limestone mines are located around Varagupadi, Olaipadi, Perali, Paravoi, Vayalapadi, Kalpadi and Azur villages. Fire clay mines are located mainly around Karai, Therani village, Alathur Taluk. Gypsum mines are not active at present. Only two mines (nonworking) areas have been visited during the study at Odiyam village, Kunnam Taluk. A total of eleven black granite mines (working/non-working) were visited those are located around Neikuppai, Venbavur, V. Kalathur, Chittaly and Keelapuliyur villages. The office of the Deputy Director, Department of Geology and Mining is functioning under the control of District Collector, Perambalur. The Deputy Director, Geology and Mining are assisting the District Collector in the mineral administration works 3 3.0 General Profile of the District Composite Perambalur District came in to existence after trifurcation of Tiruchirappalli district with effect from 30.09.1995 as per G.O Ms.No 913 Revenue / (Y3) Department dated 30.09.1995. In the Government Orders, G.O (Ms)No. 656, Revenue Department, Dated. 29.12.2000 and G.O(Ms)No. 657, Revenue Department, Dated. 29.12.2000, the Government ordered Perambalur District to be bifurcated into two Districts, Perambalur District with headquarters at Perambalur and Ariyalur District with headquarters at Ariyalur. Subsequently, in the Government orders G.O (Ms)No. 167, Revenue Department, Dated. 19.4.2002 and G.O (Ms)No. 168, Revenue Department Dated 19.4.2002, Government ordered that the above two districts be merged into one as Perambalur District with headquarters at Perambalur. In the Government Order G.O.(Ms)No.683 Revenue (RA1(1)) Department dated 19.11.2007, Government passed orders that Perambalur District be reorganised and bifurcated again into two districts Perambalur and Ariyalur, out of which Perambalur district with Headquarters at Perambalur consists of one Revenue Division of Perambalur and three Taluks of Perambalur, Kunnam and Veppanthattai. With an geographical area of 1,757 sqkms, Perambalur district is centrally located in the State, 267 kms away from Chennai on the southern direction. The district lies between 10° 54" and 11° 30" degree northern latitude and 78° 40" and 79° 30"degree eastern longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Cuddalore and Salem districts, south and west by Tiruchirappalli district and east by Ariyalur district. It is an inland district without coastal line. The District has Vellar River in the North and it has well marked natural divisions. The Pachamalai hill situated on the North of Perambalur is the most important hill in the district. Perambalur District consists Four Taluks viz., Perambalur, Veppanthattai, Kunnam & Alathur comprising 152 Revenue Villages. The District has Four blocks viz. Perambalur, Veppanthattai, Alathur & Veppur comprising of 121 Village Panchayats. There are one Municipalities viz. PERAMBALUR 4 Perambalur and four Town Panchayats viz. Poolambadi, Arumbavur, Kurumbalur, Labbaikudikadu. At present, 31 nos. of limestone mines, 15 nos. of fire clay, 4 nos. of Gypsum, 11 nos. of Black Granite, and 33 nos. of Rough Stone quarries are in existence in Perambalur district. Roughstone quarry in Padalur village Fireclay Mines at Karai village 5 3.1 Location With an geographical area of 1,757 Sq.kms, Perambalur district is centrally located in the State, 267 kms away from Chennai on the southern direction. The district lies between 10° 54" and 11° 30" degree northern latitude and 78° 40" and 79° 30"degree eastern longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Cuddalore and Salem districts, south and west by Tiruchirappalli district and east by Ariyalur district. It is an inland district without coastal line. The District has Vellar River in the North and it has well marked natural divisions. The Pachamalai hill situated on the North of Perambalur is the most important hill in the district. 3.2 Area and Population The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Perambalur district for 2011 is 389 people per sq. km. In 2001, Ariyalur district density was at 322 people per sq. km. Perambalur district administers 1,756 square kilometers of areas. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu. In 2011, Perambalur had population of 2,82,157 of which male and female were 2,83,066 and 5,65,223 respectively. In 2001 census, Perambalur had a population of 4,93,646 of which males were 2,46,141and remaining 2,47,505 were females. There is increase of 5.05 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Perambalur District recorded increase of 9.45 percent to its population compared to 1991. 3.3 Administrative set - up Perambalur District consists one Revenue Division as Perambalur and four Taluks viz., Perambalur, Veppanthattai, Kunnam & Alathur comprising 152 Revenue villages. The District has four blocks viz. Perambalur, Veppanthattai, Alathur & Veppur comprising of 121 village Panchayats. There are one Municipalities viz. Perambalur and four Town Panchayats viz. Poolambadi, Arumbavur, Kurumbalur, Labbaikudikadu. 3.4 Agricultural Resources and Irrigation Agriculture is the primary occupation of Perambalur district. Perambalur district is having 1,75,739 Ha of geographical area, of which 93,581 Ha is cropped 6 area. Perambalur district receives average annual rainfall of 861 mm. Maize and Cotton is the important crops of Perambalur district which accounts 80% of the total cultivated area. Perambalur district stands first in Maize and Cotton cultivation in TamilNadu. Being a rainfed district, Perambalur district produces an average of 4.0 lakh metric tons of food grains per year. Major horticulture crops cultivated in this district are fruits crops like mango, banana and acid lime, vegetables like tomato, brinjal, onion, gourds and tapioca, spices like chillies and turmeric and flowers like tuberose and chrysanthemum. S.No Name of the Crop Area Prodn. Provty. 1 Fruits 711 11562 16.26 2 Vegetables 8782 124025 14.12 3 Plantation Crops 36 66 1.83 4 Spices & Condiments 1598 4229 2.65 5 Flowers 62 637 10.28 6 Medicinal & Aromatic Crops 78 1720 22.05 TOTAL 11267 142239 12.62 3.5 Trade and Commerce Internal trade of the district is developing on large scale. Rough stone, Jelly, M- Sand are produced in Perambalur district. These products are transported to the neighbouring district to cater the needs of construction industries. Market Committees are functioning in the district for the purchase and sale of cotton, paddy, onion, groundnut, corn and other edible oil products. The co-operative societies for milk are functioning at all parts of the district. One warehouse is present in the district for wholesale trading for onions. 4. Geology of the District The north and western part of the district is mainly covered (> 80 %) with Archaean rocks and is mainly comprises of Hornblende Gneiss and Chaornockite and the eastern part is covered with cretaceous sediments .