Report on regional added value of renewable energy in BSR WP2.3 Fostering regional development through renewable energy in BSR Tartu Regional Energy Agency Tartu, 2018 WP2.3 Fostering regional development via RES The project "Baltic Energy Areas – A Planning Perspective" (BEA-APP) 11 partners from eight countries around the Baltic Sea cooperate to support the transition towards low-carbon energy systems. BEA-APP brings together two perspectives: spatial planning as well as regional energy policy. The project aims at increasing the capacity of regional and renewable energy planning actors by: • Providing adjusted spatial planning instruments targeting renewable energy development, • Developing innovative stakeholder involvement methods and financing systems to increase social acceptance through local ownership, • Applying the developed measures to pilot cases, studying the features of suitable renewable energy production sites and, thereby, setting the scene for concrete projects. BEA-APP is a flagship project under the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR). This report has been supported by the Interreg Baltic Sea Programme 2014-2020. However, the sole responsibility for the content of this report lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Editor: Antti Roose Contributions: Christina Landt and Tyge Kjær (Roskilde University, Denmark), Jennifer Grünes (EM- M-V, Germany), Hannu Koponen and Virpi Heikkinen (RCCF, Finland), Evija Ērkš ķe (Zemgale Planning Region Administration), Nerijus Pedisius (Lithuanian Energy Institute), Tomasz Furma ńczyk (Regional Office for Spatial Planning of the Westpomeranian Voivodeship), Monika Oredsson and Jenny Rydquist (Region Blekinge, Sweden), Marcus Larsson (Skåne Energy Agency) and Annika Steele (s.Pro - sustainable projects, Germany). Comments on this report are welcome, and should be sent to: Tartu Regional Energy Agency, Narva mnt 3, 51009 Tartu, Estonia, or by e-mail to [email protected] 2 WP2.3 Fostering regional development via RES Contents ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................... 4 BEA-APP EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: FOSTERING REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT VIA RES ............... 5 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 8 2. METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING REGIONAL POTENTIALS AND IMPORTANCE OF RES . 9 2.1. FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 2.2. PILOT REGIONS ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.3. SETTING HEADLINE REGIONAL INDICATORS ..................................................................................................... 14 2.4. CASE STUDY ON REGIONAL RET VALUE CHAINS .............................................................................................. 15 2.5. THE SURVEY ON BSR TIERS , BUSINESS MODELS AND TRADE ....................................................................... 18 3. HEADLINE REGIONAL INDICATORS ........................................................................................... 19 3.1. EUROPE 2020 AND RES INDICATORS ................................................................................................................ 19 3.2. SJÆLLAND .................................................................................................................................................................. 24 3.3. MECKLENBURG -VORPOMMERN ........................................................................................................................... 24 3.4. SOUTHERN ESTONIA ............................................................................................................................................... 26 3.5. ZEMGALE .................................................................................................................................................................... 27 3.6. KAUNAS COUNTY ...................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.7. WEST POMERANIA ................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.8. CENTRAL FINLAND .................................................................................................................................................. 32 3.9. SOUTHERN SWEDEN ................................................................................................................................................ 34 4. REGIONAL MODELS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY............................................. 36 4.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL MODELS ............................................................................................. 36 4.2. REGION OF ZEALAND : BIOGAS PRODUCTION & UTILIZATION ...................................................................... 40 4.3. MECKLENBURG -VORPOMMERN : ONSHORE WIND ENERGY ........................................................................... 42 4.4. SOUTHERN ESTONIA : THE WOOD PELLET INDUSTRY ..................................................................................... 50 4.5. ZEMGALE : CHP AND DISTRICT HEATING ........................................................................................................... 53 4.6. KAUNAS REGION : CHP AND DISTRICT HEATING .............................................................................................. 61 4.7. WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODSHIP : ONSHORE WIND ENERGY SECTOR ....................................................... 64 4.8. WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODSHIP : OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY SECTOR ...................................................... 68 4.9. CENTRAL FINLAND : COMBINED HEAT AND POWER ........................................................................................ 74 4.10. BLEKINGE : CHP AND DISTRICT HEATING ..................................................................................................... 79 4.11. SKÅNE : SOLAR POWER ....................................................................................................................................... 82 5. BSR RENEWABLE BUSINESS TIERS AND TRADE ..................................................................... 86 5.1. GERMANY ................................................................................................................................................................... 86 5.2. ESTONIA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91 5.3. LATVIA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 92 5.4. LITHUANIA ................................................................................................................................................................. 97 5.5. POLAND ...................................................................................................................................................................... 99 5.6. SWEDEN ....................................................................................................................................................................103 5.7. BSR ELECTRICITY TRADE .....................................................................................................................................107 5.8. BSR BIOMASS TRADE ............................................................................................................................................109 6. SYNTHESIS OF REGIONAL PROGRESS AND BENEFITS OF RENEWABLES .......................110 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................................................114 ANNEX 1. TABLES OF HEADLINE INDICATORS. .............................................................................115 3 WP2.3 Fostering regional development via RES Abstract Delivering regional growth and socio-economic benefits by deployment of renewable energy sources in the BSR The use of renewable energy sources (RES) is seen as a key element in energy policy, reducing the dependence on fuel imported from non-EU countries, reducing emissions from fossil fuel sources, and decoupling energy costs from oil prices. The majority of Baltic Sea region (BSR) countries and regions have reached the 2020 renewable targets. The link between the expansion of RE and the resulting economic benefits has been discussed in numerous surveys with different geographical focuses, tending to downscale from the national to the regional level, and summarising economic and business outcomes of renewables in the BSR level. This report summarises data mining, analysis and assessment of the regional impact of deployment of RES technologies by key indicators, regional profiles of renewable energy technologies and conceptual modelling