US010644304B2 ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No.: US 10,644,304 B2 Ein - Eli et al. (45 ) Date of Patent : May 5 , 2020 (54 ) METHOD FOR PASSIVE METAL (58 ) Field of Classification Search ACTIVATION AND USES THEREOF ??? C25D 5/54 ; C25D 3/665 ; C25D 5/34 ; ( 71) Applicant: Technion Research & Development HO1M 4/134 ; HOTM 4/366 ; HO1M 4/628 ; Foundation Limited , Haifa ( IL ) (Continued ) ( 72 ) Inventors : Yair Ein - Eli , Haifa ( IL ) ; Danny (56 ) References Cited Gelman , Haifa ( IL ) ; Boris Shvartsev , Haifa ( IL ) ; Alexander Kraytsberg , U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Yokneam ( IL ) 3,635,765 A 1/1972 Greenberg 3,650,834 A 3/1972 Buzzelli ( 73 ) Assignee : Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited , Haifa ( IL ) (Continued ) ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 CN 1408031 4/2003 U.S.C. 154 ( b ) by 56 days . EP 1983078 10/2008 (21 ) Appl. No .: 15 /300,359 ( Continued ) ( 22 ) PCT Filed : Mar. 31 , 2015 OTHER PUBLICATIONS (86 ) PCT No .: PCT/ IL2015 /050350 Hagiwara et al. in ( Acidic 1 - ethyl - 3 -methylimidazoliuum fluoride: a new room temperature ionic liquid in Journal of Fluorine Chem $ 371 (c ) ( 1 ), istry vol . 99 ( 1999 ) p . 1-3 ; ( Year: 1999 ). * (2 ) Date : Sep. 29 , 2016 (Continued ) (87 ) PCT Pub . No .: WO2015 / 151099 Primary Examiner — Jonathan G Jelsma PCT Pub . Date : Oct. 8 , 2015 Assistant Examiner Omar M Kekia (65 ) Prior Publication Data (57 ) ABSTRACT US 2017/0179464 A1 Jun . 22 , 2017 Disclosed is a method for activating a surface of metals , Related U.S. Application Data such as self- passivated metals , and of metal -oxide dissolu tion , effected using a fluoroanion -containing composition . (60 ) Provisional application No.61 / 972,481, filed on Mar. Also disclosed is an electrochemical cell utilizing an alu 31, 2014 . minum -containing anode material and a fluoroanion - con taining electrolyte , characterized by high efficiency , low (51 ) Int. Ci. corrosion , and optionally mechanical or electrochemical HOIM 4/04 (2006.01 ) rechargeability . Also disclosed is a process for fusing (weld HOIM 4/134 ( 2010.01 ) ing , soldering etc.) a self- passivated metal at relatively low ( Continued ) temperature and ambient atmosphere , and a method for ( 52 ) U.S. CI. electrodepositing a metal on a self- passivated metal using CPC HOLM 4/044 ( 2013.01 ) ; B23K 35/3605 metal- oxide source . (2013.01 ) ; B23K 35/383 ( 2013.01) ; ( Continued ) 6 Claims, 15 Drawing Sheets PotentialIVvs.gelbasedRE - SS 50 % *** 89 838-88-88 88-9 *** -1.2 US 10,644,304 B2 Page 2 (51 ) Int. Ci. 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