Number 17 y July 2009 Kernerman kdictionaries.com/kdn DICTIONARY News KD’s BLDS: a brief introduction In 2005 K Dictionaries (KD) entered a project of developing We started by establishing an extensive infrastructure both dictionaries for learners of different languages. KD had already contentwise and technologically. The lexicographic compilation created several non-English titles a few years earlier, but those was divided into 25 projects: 1 for the French core, 8 for the were basic word-to-word dictionaries. The current task marked dictionary cores of the eight languages, another 8 for the a major policy shift for our company since for the first time we translation from French to eight languages, and 8 more for the were becoming heavily involved in learner dictionaries with translation of each language to French. target languages other than English. That was the beginning of An editorial team was set up for developing each of the nine our Bilingual Learners Dictionaries Series (BLDS), which so (French + 8) dictionary cores. The lexicographers worked from far covers 20 different language cores and keeps growing. a distance, usually at home, all over the world. The chief editor The BLDS was launched with a program for eight French for each language was responsible for preparing the editorial bilingual dictionaries together with Assimil, a leading publisher styleguide and the list of headwords. Since no corpora were for foreign language learning in France which made a strategic publicly available for any of these languages, each editor used decision to expand to dictionaries in cooperation with KD. different means to retrieve information in order to compile the The main target users were identified as speakers of French headword list. Much of the language resources for compiling learning a foreign language at an intermediate level. To serve the entries were found on the Internet. both production and reception purposes, it was decided that The technical foundations had to be robust and elaborate the dictionaries would be fully bilingual and bi-directional. enough to accommodate complex lexicographical data in any The core for each language consisted of about 12,000 main language, fitting into a single overall framework that allowed headwords, with the total number of words and expressions for regular exchanges with dozens of editors and translators. running up to a maximum of 20,000. The entries typically We configured an XML Editor for the lexicographic input and consisted of the headword, pronunciation, part of speech, had to maintain a sub-project of having the software installed irregular forms, brief definitions, example of usage for each by each lexicographer, preparing proper documentation on its sense of polysemous entries, all types of compositional phrases, functioning, and providing technical support. run-ons, usage and register labels, etc. In its larger sense, the BLDS concerns constructing a 1 KD’s BLDS y a brief introduction 3 Papers on Lexicography and Dictionaries 1 y Perspectives in Lexicography: Asia and beyond. Vincent B.Y. Ooi, Anne Pakir, Ismail S. Talib and Peter K.W. Tan (eds.) 2 y DSNA Seminar on Learner’s Dictionaries. Ilan J. Kernerman and Paul Bogaards (eds.) 4 The Lexicographers y Michael Manis Lexicographical poems: an introduction y Michael Adams 6 B.T. Sue Atkins and Michael Rundell. The Oxford Guide to Practical Lexicography y Rick Schutz 8 Seminar on Learner’s Dictionaries at the DSNA XVII Meeting, Indiana University, 2009 9 A review of the First International Symposium on Lexicography and L2 Teaching and Learning y Zhang Yihua and Xia Lixin 11 Asialex 2009 y Jirapa Vitayapirak 12 The Center for Lexicographical Studies, GDUFS 14 English Dictionaries in Global and Historical Context y Janice McAlpine 16 Intertnet lexicography as a challenge: The Internet dictionary portal at the Institute for German Language y Stefan Engelberg, Annette Klosa and Carolin Müller-Spitzer © 2009 All rights reserved. 26 KirzeN, the international dictionary y Balázs Sipócz 27 TheFreeDictionary.com story y Michal Goldman 28 The BLDS Italian dictionary core y Palma Gallana K DICTIONARIES LTD 31 BLDS y sample pages Nahum 8 Tel Aviv 63503 Israel 32 Dictionnaires Assimil Kernerman, 2009 Tel: 972-3-5468102 Fax: 972-3-5468103 [email protected] Editor y Ilan J. Kernerman http://kdictionaries.com ISSN 1565-4745 2 database-network that can serve as a base each particular language pair. The BLDS cores currently for compiling different dictionaries. It Meanwhile, KD began to compile include these languages: contains more data than is needed for a dictionary cores for more languages, and Arabic • Chinese (Simplified single dictionary, and enables the extraction the first BLDS title was actually published • Traditional) • Czech • Dutch of precise components to suit individual already last year by Vega Forlag in Norway • English • French • German user profiles. For example, the titles for (Spanish/Norwegian). The eight French • Greek • Italian • Japanese speakers of French use sense indicators bilinguals are published by Assimil in France for disambiguating meanings instead of this year. Each dictionary is accompanied by • Korean • Latin • Norwegian carrying the definitions, and exclude the an electronic application that is downloaded • Polish • Portuguese (Brazil phonetic pronunciation of the French and activated by a personal key. This issue • Portugal) • Russian headwords but present phonetics of the L2 of KDN presents a few BLDS samples, • Spanish • Turkish headwords and translations. The appropriate more extensive information will be provided balance naturally has to be fine-tuned for in the next issue. A sample page from the French-Russian section of Dictionnaire Assimil Kernerman Russe-Français Français-Russe (on the left), and an extract from its raw French data (below). hormis prep liter sauf Il ne voit personne, hormis toi. hormone nf substance active du corps prendre des hormones horodateur nm machine qui imprime la date et l'heure horoscope nm {prévisions sur l'avenir} prévisions sur l'avenir des personnes lire son horoscope horreur nf 1 {sentiment} violent sentiment de peur ou de dégoût pousser un cri d'horreur 2 avoir horreur de détester Il a horreur de la violence. 3 {atrocité} ce qui est horrible l'horreur d'un crime un film d'horreur horrible adj 1 {effrayant} qui fait très peur ou dégoûte une histoire horrible 2 {laid} très laid Cette robe est horrible. 3 {mauvais} très mauvais Il fait un temps horrible. horrifier vt {terrifier, épouvanter} provoquer un violent sentiment de peur ou de dégoût Ce drame a horrifié tout le monde. hors : hors de prep 1 en dehors de, à l'extérieur de hors de la maison 2 être hors de danger ne plus être exposé au danger 3 hors d'usage qui ne fonctionne plus 4 hors de prix Kernerman Dictionary News, July 2009 très cher Ces chaussures sont hors de prix. hors-d'œuvre nm inv {plat servi en début de repas} plat que l'on sert en début de repas hors-jeu nm inv sport position interdite sur le terrain, dans certains sports hors-piste nm inv fait de skier en dehors des pistes faire du hors-piste 3 PAPERS ON LEXICOGRAPHY AND DICTIONARIES 1 2 Perspectives in Lexicography: Asia and beyond DSNA Seminar on Vincent B.Y. Ooi, Anne Pakir, Ismail S. Talib and Learner’s Dictionaries Peter K.W. Tan (eds.) Ilan J. Kernerman and Paul Bogaards (eds.) ISBN 978-965-90207-1-3 290 pages Publication by K Dictionaries, K Dictionaries, Tel Aviv. August 2009 Tel Aviv. December 2009 Introduction • Vincent B.Y. Ooi Introduction • Ilan J. Kernerman Asian perspectives The evolution of learners’ dictionaries and Lexical concerns about neologism in Chinese lexicography the Merriam Webster Advanced Learner’s • Yihua Zhang English Dictionary A survey of pragmatic information in bilingual • Paul Bogaards English-Chinese learners’ dictionaries • Saihong Li I've heard so much about you: Introducing Grammatical class, tags and lemmas: A corpus-based study the native-speaker lexicographer to the of the Malay lexicon • Gerry Knowles and learners’ dictionary Zuraidah Mohd Don • Wendalyn Nichols Analysing sorrow and grief: A contrastive-semantic From the ground up: Making a new perspective • Ruihua Zhang learner’s dictionary from scratch Lexical innovations in the multimodal Corpus of Asian • Peter Sokolowski Magazine Advertising • Andrew Moody and Azirah Hashim Three collegiate dictionaries: Preferences by college students: A comparison of Pedagogical perspectives reading comprehension test scores and EFL dictionaries on the Web: Students’ appraisal and issues survey results for university students using in the Cambridge, Longman, and Oxford dictionaries three collegiate dictionaries: MW, AHD, • Shigeru Yamada and NOAD The potential of learner corpora for pedagogical • Don R. McCreary lexicography • Yukio Tono FEARful words in learners’ dictionaries A trilingual dictionary for learners of Cantonese, English and • Henri Béjoint Putonghua Folk defining strategies vs. comprehension • Jacqueline Kam-mei Lam, Lan Li and Tom McArthur of dictionary definitions: An empirical Electronic dictionaries in the classroom study • Shinya Ozawa and JamesRonald • Mateusz Fabiszewski-Jaworski and The benefits of CD-ROM dictionaries in teaching Marta Grochocka • Monika Szirmai Corpus, lexicography and language Dictionary use strategies by EFL learners in Taiwan learners • Da-Fu Huang • Mari Carmen Campoy-Cubillo English learners’ dictionaries: An undervalued resource Why we need bilingual learners’ • Julia Miller dictionaries