Intelligent, Connected Cars Volkswagen’s Vision of the Future Dr. Markus Lienkamp − Electronics and Vehicle Research Group Research Global trends Time is scarce Space is scarce Oil is scarce Ubiquitous broadband Advances in Novel battery communication electronics technologies Group Research Slide 2 Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles Improving road safety Improving traffic efficiency Providing up-to-date information services Group Research Slide 3 Group Group Research Road safety Road safety „Fahrvergnügen“ „Fahrvergnügen“ joyful! being remain should experience Driving Slide 4 Slide Normalised fatalities (1980=100%) 100% 120% 140% 20% 40% 60% 80% 0% 1980 1981 motorcycles pedestrians bicycles 1982 others cars 1983 fatalities“ „-50% goal EU for security: need Increasing 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Year 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 IRTAD Source: 2000 2001 2002 2003 Group Group Research Causes ofaccidents fatal Causes uncertainty of element as The driver Road safety: Causes ofaccidents fatal Causes uncertainty of element as The driver Road safety: 10 15 20 25 % 0 5 Mental causes causes Mental Mental Mental causes causes Mental Mental Sleep 38% 38% 38% 38% Inattention Medical causes Preceding car Misjudgements Misjudgements Misjudgements Misjudgements Car dynamics 46% 46% 46% 46% Weather Slide 5 Slide Lane keeping Static car Unexpected Unexpected Unexpected Unexpected behaviour behaviour Pedestrians/ behaviour behaviour Animals 11% 11% Animals 11% 11% Accidents Others Technology Technology Technology Technology 5%5% 5% 5% Technology Source: GdV, VW Unfallforschung Road safety potential Safety potential Car to X Car-to-car com. Pyro Brake Side Assist Pre-crash Front Assist safety Active Active Driver assistant ESP Brake assistant ABS Car assistant Airbag Seat belt Stiff passenger compartment safety Car structure Passive Time Today Group Research Slide 6 Road safety: Guardian angel Handling like a skilled driver Seeing like an alert human and every- thing safely Driving like a trained driver Acting like an experienced human Group Research Slide 7 Actuators: Handling like a skilled driver Electromechanical steering Electronic DSG transmission accelerator Group Research Slide 8 Sensors: Seeing like an alert human Back video camera Short-distance radar Interior sensor Multi-beam laser Ultrasonic Front video camera sensors Infrared camera Long-distance radar Group Research Slide 9 Sensors: Seeing like an alert human Group Research Slide 10 Vehicle dynamics: Driving like a trained driver Group Research Slide 11 Intelligence: Acting like an experienced human Test A Group Research Slide 12 Technology box: Components enabling safety Driving at the limit Driving in unknown territory Driving according to traffic rules “Golf 53“ “Stanley“ “Junior“ Positioning Environment sensing Detection of situations Speed-optimised trajectory Positioning Driving strategy Path planning Safety Environment sensing Positioning Path planning Intelligent “Intelligent Car“ Group Research Slide 13 And everything safely : Automatic driving functionalities in iCar Lane keeping PLATZHALTER BILD Clear drive and tracking Driving in traffic congestion BILD (stop & go) Lange changing and overtaking manoeuvre (driver approved) Group Research Slide 14 Which systems does Volkswagen offer today? LongitudinalLongitudinal LatitudinalLatitudinal ParkingParking guidanceguidance guidanceguidance assistanceassistance ACCACC BackBack videovideo cameracamera SWASWA ACCACC F2SF2S AWVAWV LDWLDW ParkPark AssistAssist LightLight DriverDriver informationinformation AFSAFS SwivellingSwivelling headlightheadlight Group Research Slide 15 An example: Group Research Slide 16 Car -to -car communication: Extension of vehicle sensors Extension of driver horizon by radio communication Short latency in information dissemination Reduced driver response time in dangerous situations communication better than the driver sensors as good as the driver Group Research Slide 17 Increasing the effective range: "Car -to -X" Sensors rbind Communication technology / GPS Group Research Slide 18 Improving traffic safety Group Research Slide 19 Improving traffic safety: Warnings and driver assistance Information from an ambulance Warning of disregarded traffic signs Bad visibility Road works Group Research Slide 20 Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles Improving road safety Improving traffic efficiency Providing up-to-date information services Group Research Slide 21 Challenges for society: Traffic volume increases substantially Traffic congestion: A2 time and desire for in-vehicle + 125% entertainment grows Lorries A6 + 181% Scenario VW 2002-2020 Lorries Passenger transportation: + 20% Freight transportation: + 34 % Group Research Slide 22 Navigation systems today and tomorrow Current features of RNS 510: Future connected navigation systems: Reliable and efficient Receive information from many guidance to every destination cars out of the vicinity to avoid Touch screen and prevent traffic congestion Up-to-date traffic information Improve routing by highly via RDS / TMC dynamic and detailed traffic information Import of music from PC via SD card Combine navigation with POIs and events dynamically from the Sophisticated help system Internet with avatar “Carla“ Act also as up-to-date travel Wireless operation of mobile guide and shopping assistant Provide a ubiquitous help system with connection to VW and the Internet Group Research Slide 23 Increase of traffic efficiency: Example traffic light assistant Car-to-traffic-light communication to inform drivers Optimal speed to encounter phased traffic lights Phase optimization of traffic lights by car information Group Research Slide 24 Increase of traffic efficiency: Example Traffic Guard Truck laser scanner - alignment, - lateral Profile Analysis of oncoming traffic - traffic density - velocity Vehicle sensors (FCD) - position, course - distance, velocity Communication nodes (RSU) - application for analysis Traffic management centre - dissemination of information - static information (speed limits) - road works information Group Research Slide 25 Traffic Guard: Information processing Vehicle at end of section Data analysis in outflow-RSU Recording of Communication outflow-RSU RSU own sensor data TCP/IP Evaluation of - road path (GPS) - number of lanes (GPS) - traffic situation (speed) Vehicle tour through road works RSU connection Vehicle at start of section Pre-adjustment of Inflow-RSU traffic-optimised ACC Communication inflow-RSU Broadcast RSU Aggregated Display of precise information information to driver Group Research Slide 26 1 Introduction 2 The Traffic Guard – Concept Functionality Results 3 Summary Traffic Guard: Information usage in the vehicle A) Traffic-optimised driving behaviour B) Driver information • Driving recommendation for driver or • Displaying road geometry and traffic speed • Modification of ACC Group Research Slide 27 Avoidance of congestion by car -to -x communication Group Research Slide 28 1 Introduction 2 The Traffic Guard – Concept Functionality Results 3 Summary Traffic Guard: Impact on traffic efficiency Empirical data (30.10.07) Reproduction in simulation Simulation of traffic guard • Traffic congestion • Same traffic patterns • Same traffic patterns • Penetration rate: • Penetration rate: 0 % Traffic Guard 10 % Traffic Guard Time Location Location Location Significant reduction of traffic congestion! Group Research Slide 29 Motivation for integrating communication into vehicles Improving road safety Improving traffic efficiency Providing up-to-date information services Group Research Slide 30 Integration of online Internet services Traffic information Fuel prices Time tables Restaurants and hotels Tourist information Current events Group Research Slide 31 “auto@web“ Drivers of an „auto@web“ car can use their navigation system to … • explore the map for interesting locations regarding travel, city life and leisure • search the Internet for destinations • retrieve highly current information about event venues and free park spaces • listen to and rate online music and podcasts from the portal Group Research Slide 32 Standardization is the enabler of cooperation The minimum penetration rate for most safety applications is not achievable even for a large volume manufacturer The quality of car-to-car applications increases with higher penetration rate Cooperating vehicles must communicate in the same “language” Freight is global, people are global, Volkswagen is global Proliferation of different standards increases time-to-market and costs Let’s produce global ITS standards for a global world! Group Research Slide 33 Harmonization of world -wide ITS standards C2C-CC IEEE 802.11p + 1609.X working documents ISO CALM standards standards ITS Station Reference Architecture Applications Facilities Networking & Transport Security Security Management Management Access Technologies Group Research Slide 34 ITS Station Reference Architecture: “Alphabet” for a common ITS language ITS Station Reference Architecture Applications Facilities Networking & Transport Security Management Access Technologies Group Research Slide 35 Somebody sent me a text … What did he write? Drive, fool! It’s green! Thank you! Group Research.