Martha Stephens Papers – The Cincinnati Radiation Experiments, 1960-1972 University Archives UA-05-05 Archives & Rare Books Library 808 Carl Blegen Library 2602 McMicken Circle – P.O. Box 210113 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH 45221-0113 513-556-1959 513-556-2113 (FAX) www.libraries.uc.edu/libraries/arb/archives STATEMENT BY MARTHA STEPHENS In organizing these papers on the radiation experiments at UC, I have assumed that those interested in the subject will be acquainted with my book The Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests (Duke University Press, 2002). Not everything in these papers will be self- explanatory outside the context of the book, but some documents can certainly be read or understood on their own—the hearing transcripts, for instance, the newspaper clippings, most of the legal briefs, the publications of the researchers, and their reports over the years to the Defense Department. A list of books related to this subject appears in the appendices of The Treatment. Major entries include Human Guinea Pigs by M.H. Pappworth, MD; Bad Blood (on the Tuskegee syphilis experiments) by James Jones; The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code, edited by George Annas and Michael Grodin; the issue on Nuremberg of The Journal of the American Medical Association, November 27, 1996 (volume 276, number 20); and The Plutonium Files (on the full range of US deliberate exposures during the Cold War) by Eileen Welsome. No complete set of the papers released by the UC College of Medicine in 1994 is available in this collection, thought many papers from those materials are attached to the folder here of one kind or another. A full set of these somewhat jumbled but important releases, taken from the back files of the College, may continue to be available in the medical archives on East Campus. Certain files concerning the individual researchers, as well as papers concerning myself and the Junior Faculty Association, are separately available within the Archives and Rare Books Library. It might be pointed out that where I generally refer to the events from 1960-1972 as “the UC radiation experiments” (or “tests”), the researchers and their colleagues often use the term “study”—“the whole- body study,” i.e. Readers of these papers will find a certain number of large-print pages. I have had low vision most of my life and often make use of the enlargements; in most cases the originals I enlarged were still in my files and have been provided in place of enlargements. Most papers here will have a date attached, but not all. Where possible, I’ve attempted to order the pages within folders by their dates or approximate dates. I also attempted to discard duplicate pages, but some duplicates will no doubt appear. When The Treatment appeared in 2002, a whole set of new papers, reviews, correspondences, and so on, were of course generated. I have provided here only a small sample of these materials, but I may in time make an additional gift of documents surrounding this publication. —Martha Stephens, June 2005 SERIES HEADINGS (Click on the Series to go to that section of the collection inventory) SERIES 1 - Miscellaneous Materials SERIES 2 - Department of Defense Reports, and Contract with Defense Atomic Support Agency (DASA) SERIES 3 - Reports on University of Cincinnati Radiation Tests SERIES 4 - Master File of Newspaper Clippings, 1994-1999 SERIES 5 - Legal Briefs from Cincinnati Radiation Litigation SERIES 6 - Cincinnati Radiation Litigation, Miscellaneous Papers SERIES 7 - Bryant Hearing in Cincinnati SERIES 8 - Individual Victims and Surviving Families of Cincinnati Radiation Experiments SERIES 9 - Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (ACHRE) SERIES 10 - Materials Not Otherwise Attached, ca. 1990s SERIES 11 - Papers Related Only Indirectly to the University of Cincinnati Radiation Tests SERIES 12 - Sample Documents on The Treatment; Basic Tables of Victim Data INVENTORY Box 1: SERIES 1—Miscellaneous materials 1. A letter from Joseph G. Hamilton to Shields Warren, speculating as to the level at which radiation exposure would become incapacitating and/or lethal, indicating the US Atomic Energy Commission has interest in finding adult male human test subjects but fears public reaction: 11/28/1950 2. Material from University of Cincinnati archives about various personnel responsible for radiation tests, such as Dr. James G. Kereiakes, Dr. Edward A. Gall and Dr. Thomas Z. Gaffney: various dates 3. Memorandums on tests by University of Cincinnati faculty: Dr. Thomas E. Gaffney, Dr. George Shields, Dr. Edward P. Radford, Dr. R.L. Witt, and Dr. Harvey C. Knowles, Jr., and Dr. Edward A. Gall: 1967 4. Clippings from The Cincinnati Post and The Cincinnati Enquirer with regard to the tests: early 1970s 5. Clippings from the News Record and other sources with regard to disclosures: 1972 6. Information about journalist Polk Laffoon, including an interview with Dr. Clifford G. Grulee; information about Dr. Jerry Wiot and Dr. Ted Silberstein 7. “Whole Body and Partial Body Radiotherapy of Advanced Cancer,” by Dr. Eugene L Saenger et al.: March 1973; “Total and Half Body Irradiation: Effect on Cognitive and Emotional Processes,” by Dr. Louis A. Gottschalk et al.: November 1969; “Radiation-Induced Urinary Excretion of Deoxycytidine by Rats and Humans,” by I-Wen Chen, PhD, et al.: August 1968; “Colorimetric Analysis of Deoxycytidine in Urine after Separation by Ion-Exchange Column Chromatography,” by I-Wen Chen, PhD, et al.; 5/16/1967; “Colorimetric Analysis of Deoxycytidine in Urine after Separation by Ion- Exchange Column Chromatography,” by I-Wen Chen, PhD, et al.: May 1968; “Cytologic-Biochemical Radiation Dosimeters in Man,” by Dr. Edward Silberstein et al.: 1970 or 1971?; and “Comparison of Serum Phenylalanine Levels with Growth in Guthrie’s Inhibition Assay in Newborn Infants,” by Carolyn Scheel and Helen K. Berry: October 1962 8. Material regarding Dr. Edward Silberstein, as well as Dr. Eugene L. Saenger’s unpublished defense of the tests “Ethics on Trial”: early 1970s 9. “Active Bone Marrow Dose Related to Hematological Changes in Whole Body and Partial Body 60 CO Gamma Radiation Exposures,” by James G. Kereiakes, PhD; William Van de Riet, PhD; Clifford Born, MS; Carol Ewing; Edward Silberstein, MD; and Eugene L. Saenger, MD: 1/25/1972 10. Various materials, including “The Cabinet of Dr. DOD,” by Paul Jacobs: 3/9/1970; a letter from Senator Mark Gravel to Dr. Robert W. McConnell: 2/4/1972; Congressional Record, vol. 117, no. 154: 10/15/1971; a letter from Dr. Eugene L. Saenger to Dr. Edward Gall: 4/24/1972; and an excerpt from Silent Slaughter, by Joel Griffiths and Richard Ballantine (Henry Regenery Company, 1972) Back to Series Description SERIES 2—Department of Defense Reports, as well as a folder with a set of patient profiles from these reports and one with University of Cincinnati contracts with the Defense Atomic Support Agency (DASA) 11. Contracts between the University of Cincinnati and the Defense Atomic Support Agency: contract no. DA-49-146-XZ-029 modification no. 1, effective 2/28/1961; contract no. DA-49-146-XZ-029 modification no. 2, effective 6/15/1961; contract no. DA-49-146-XZ-029 modification no. 3, effective 4/15/1962; and contract no. DA-49-146-XZ-029 modification no. 4, effective 4/1/1963 12. Total Body Irradiation patient profiles: 1960-1971 13. List of technical reports submitted by the University of Cincinnati to the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA, formerly DASA) from February 1960-April 1971 14. “Radiation Effects in Man: Manifestations and Therapeutic Efforts,” an annual report covering the period February 1960-October 1961, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored Dr. Eugene L. Saenger and others 15. “Metabolic Changes in Humans Following Total Body Irradiation,” a report covering the period 11/1/1961-4/30/1963, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Dr. Eugene L. Saenger and others 16. “Metabolic Changes in Humans Following Total Body Irradiation,” a report covering the period 5/1/1963-2/29/1964, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Eugene L. Saenger, MD; Ben I. Friedman, MD; James G. Kereiakes, PhD; and Harold Perry, MD 17. “Metabolic Changes in Humans Following Total-Body Irradiation,” a report covering the period February 1960-4/30/1960, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Eugene L. Saenger, MD; Ben I. Friedman, MD; James G. Kereiakes, PhD; and Harold Perry, MD 18. “Metabolic Changes in Humans Following Total Body Radiation,” a report covering the period 5/1/1966-4/30/1967, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Eugene L. Saenger, MD; Ben I. Friedman, MD; Harry Horowitz, MD; James G. Kereiakes, PhD; and Harold Perry, MD 19. “Radiation Effects in Man: Manifestations and Therapeutic Efforts,” a report covering the period 5/1/1967-4/30/1968, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Eugene L. Saenger, MD; Ben I. Friedman, MD; Harry Horowitz, MD; and James G. Kereiakes, PhD 20. “Radiation Effects in Man: Manifestations and Therapeutic Efforts,” a report covering the period 5/1/1968-4/30/1969, prepared for the Defense Atomic Support Agency by the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, authored by Eugene L. Saenger, MD; Edward B. Silberstein, MD; Harry Horowitz, MD; James G. Kereiakes, PhD; I-Wen Chen, PhD; Carolyn Winget, MA; Goldine C. Gleser, PhD; and Robert L. Kunkel, MD 21.