Data Report The Effectiveness of Riparian Vegetation at Intercepting Drift from Aerial Pesticide Application A Study by the Washington State Department of Agriculture January 2016 WSDA Publication No. 103-601 (N/1/17) WSDA DATA REPORT: EFFECTIVENESS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION This page is left blank intentionally 1 WSDA DATA REPORT: EFFECTIVENESS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION Data Report The Effectiveness of Riparian Vegetation at Intercepting Drift from Aerial Pesticide Application A Study by the Washington State Department of Agriculture By: Gary Bahr1 Matthew Bischof1 Todd Coffey2 Joel Demory1 Margaret Drennan1 Jaclyn Hancock1 George Tuttle1 Kelly McLain1 Abigail Nickelson1 January 2016 WSDA Publication No. 103-601 (N/1/16) Contact Information: George Tuttle Natural Resources Assessment Section Office of the Director [email protected] (360) 902-2066 P.O. Box 42560 Olympia, WA 98502-2560 1 Washington State Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Assessment Section 2 Washington State University, Department of Mathematics and Statistics 2 WSDA DATA REPORT: EFFECTIVENESS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION Acknowledgements Matthew Bischof, Jaclyn Hancock, Brian Scott, Joel Demory, Abigail Nickelson, Kelly McLain, George Tuttle, Margaret Drennan, and Rod Baker, WSDA NRAS staff who conducted field work for this project Todd Coffey, PhD, Washington State University, Department of Mathematics and Statistics Whatcom County blueberry producers who participated in this study Aaron Bagwell, Whatcom Farmers Co-Op/CHS Kyle Blackburn, Essential Flight Ops, LLC Tony Hawkes, Scott Hecht, Cathy Laetz, and Thomas Hooper, David Baldwin, NMFS Pesticide BiOp team Washington Blueberry Commission Washington Red Raspberry Commission Steve Thun and Rick Jordan, Pacific Agricultural Laboratory who conducted lab analysis for this project EPA Office of Pesticide Program Environmental Fate and Effects Division staff Michael Grove, EPA Region 10 Bernalyn McGaughey and staff, Compliance Services International Spray Drift Issue Management Team members, Crop Life America Heather Hansen, Washington Friends of Farms and Forests John Hanzas, Stone Environmental Paul Whatling, Cheminova/FMC Scott Jackson, BASF Harold W. Thistle, U.S. Forest Service Tim Bargar, U.S. Geological Survey Vince Hebert, Washington State University Whatcom Conservation District staff 3 WSDA DATA REPORT: EFFECTIVENESS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Site Selection and Events ........................................................................................................................... 7 3. Field Methods ............................................................................................................................................ 8 3.1. Site Layout .................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2. Instream Habitat Assessment ........................................................................................................ 9 3.3. Vegetation Assessment ................................................................................................................. 9 3.4. Depositional Sampler Set up ....................................................................................................... 10 3.5. Depositional Sampler Retrieval .................................................................................................. 10 3.6. Weather Station Deployment ...................................................................................................... 11 3.7. Water Sampling Methods............................................................................................................ 11 3.8. Field Documentation, Sample Packaging, and Shipping ............................................................ 12 4. Analytical Methods .................................................................................................................................. 12 4.1. Sample Extraction ....................................................................................................................... 12 4.2. Sample Analysis .......................................................................................................................... 12 5. Data Analysis Methods ............................................................................................................................ 12 6. Preliminary Results, Analysis, and Discussion ....................................................................................... 14 6.1. Study Site Physical Characteristics ............................................................................................. 14 6.2. Weather Conditions during Applications .................................................................................... 16 6.3. Water Sample Results ................................................................................................................. 17 6.4. Depositional Sampler Results ..................................................................................................... 19 6.5. Statistical Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 20 7. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 27 8. Recommendations.................................................................................................................................... 27 9. References ............................................................................................................................................... 28 Appendix A: Maps and Depositional Results ............................................................................................. 29 Appendix B: Project Quality Assurance and Quality Control .................................................................... 39 Laboratory and Field Data Quality ............................................................................................................. 39 Method Reporting Limit ............................................................................................................................. 39 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Samples ....................................................................................... 39 4 WSDA DATA REPORT: EFFECTIVENESS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION Performance Measures ................................................................................................................................ 40 Field Replicate Sample Results................................................................................................................... 41 Field Blank Sample Results ........................................................................................................................ 44 Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate Sample Results ............................................................................... 44 Method Blank Sample Results .................................................................................................................... 45 Surrogate Results ........................................................................................................................................ 45 Laboratory Control Sample Results ............................................................................................................ 45 Hold time and Storage Requirements ......................................................................................................... 47 Quality Assurance Summary References .................................................................................................... 48 Appendix C: Field Forms ............................................................................................................................ 49 List of Figures Figure 1. Layout of transects at a two-sided vegetated site .......................................................................... 9 Figure 2. Depositional sampler stand and assembly ................................................................................... 10 Figure 3. Site geometry and angles used to calculate wind components perpendicular to stream ............. 13 Figure 4. Mean estimates of malathion deposition at control and vegetated sites (EBLUEs) .................... 21 Figure 5. Percent reduction from field-edge (F) to water (W) for all sites, calculated from EBLUPs ....... 22 Figure 6.