The cover image is based on Joachim Bering’s etching of the city of Königsberg, Prussia as of 1613 (now Kaliningrad, Russia). Seven bridges connect two islands in the Pregal River and the portions of the city on the bank. The mathematical problem of the Seven Bridges of Königsberg is to find a path through the city that crosses each bridge once and only once. Euler proved in 1736 that no solution to this problem exists or could exist. This image appears on the cover of each of the Campus Bridging Workshop reports. The goal of campus bridging is to enable the seamlessly integrated use among: a scientist or engineer’s personal cyberinfrastructure; cyberinfrastructure on the scientist’s campus; Campus Bridging cyberinfrastructure at other campuses; and cyberinfrastructure at the regional, national, and international levels; so that they all function as if they were proximate to the scientist. When Data and Networking Issues Workshop Report working within the context of a Virtual Organization (VO), the goal of campus bridging is to make the ‘virtual’ aspect of the organization irrelevant (or helpful) to the work of the VO. The April 7-8, 2010 challenges of effective bridging of campus cyberinfrastructure are real and challenging – but Indianapolis, Indiana not insolvable if the US open science and engineering research community works together with focus on the greater good of the US and the global community. Other materials related to campus bridging may be found at: https://pti.iu.edu/campusbridging/ Editors: Guy T. Almes, David Jent, Craig A. Stewart Copyright 2011 by The Trustees of Indiana University This document is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (http:creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). This license includes the following terms: You are free to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work and to remix – to adapt the work under the following conditions: attribution – you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Please cite as: Campus Bridging Technologies Workshop: Data and Networking Issues Workshop Report. G.T. Almes, D. Jent and C.A. Stewart, eds., 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/13200 i Acknowledgments The workshop organizers would like to thank Dale Lantrip (Indiana University Pervasive Technology Institute (PTI)) for handling logistics for the workshop; Matt Zekauskas, (Internet2) and Ray Sheppard (PTI) for taking notes; and Malinda Lingwall, Richard Knepper and Peg Lindenlaub of PTI and Maria Morris of Indiana University Creative Services for their support in the production of the final report document and web pages related to this workshop. We would like to thank the following individuals and institutions for providing images and/or case study text included in this report: Fran Berman, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Figure 1); Indiana University (Figure 2); Ocean Observatories Initiative Cyberinfrastructure, University of California, San Diego (Figures 3 and 5); The Global Lambda Integrated Facility (Figure 4); Alan Walsh (Figure 6); Guy Almes, Texas A&M University (case study); Akhtar Mahmood, Bellarmine University (case study and Figures A-C); Gary Crane, Southeastern Research Universities Association (case study and Figures D-E); and Eric Wernert, Indiana University (case study and Figures F-H). Alexander Ramírez, Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities; Karl Barnes, National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education; Al Kuslikis, American Indian Higher Education Consortium; and Geoffrey C. Fox, Indiana University also provided case study text. Unless otherwise noted, each figure and case study text are copyrighted by the person or institution providing the figure and released under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0/). Figure 4 is used by permission from The Global Lambda Integrated Facility. The Global Lambda Integrated Facility (GLIF) Map 2008 visualization was created by Robert Patterson of the Advanced Visualization Laboratory (AVL) at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), using an Earth image provided by NASA. Data was compiled by Maxine D. Brown of the Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL) at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Funding was provided by GLIF and US National Science Foundation grants # SCI-04-38712 to NCSA/UIUC and # OCI-0441094 to EVL/UIC. The GLIF map does not represent all the world’s Research and Education optical networks, and does not show international capacity that is dedicated to production usage. The GLIF map only illustrates excess capacity that its participants are willing to share with international research teams for applications-driven and computer-system experiments, in full or in part, all or some of the time. GLIF does not provide any network services itself, and researchers should approach individual GLIF network resource providers to obtain lightpath services. For more information on GLIF, see http://www.glif.is/. The preparation of this report and related documents was supported by several sources, including: • The National Science Foundation through grant #0948142 (David Jent, Principal Investigator; Kenneth Klingenstein, James Bottum, Jan Odegard, Guy Almes (Co-PIs) • Indiana University Pervasive Technology Institute (http://pti. iu.edu/) for funding staff providing logistical support of the task force activities, writing and editorial staff, and layout and production of the final report document. • Texas A&M University (http://www.tamu.edu/) supported this workshop and report by generously providing the time and effort of Guy Almes. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the Indiana University Pervasive Technology Institute, or Indiana University. Other materials related to campus bridging may be found at: https://pti.iu.edu/campusbridging/ ii Workshop participants The 45 workshop participants and their affiliations are listed below: Mike Abbiatti, AREON Greg Monaco, Great Plains Network Guy Almes, Texas A&M University Richard Moore, SDSC Alan Blatecky, NSF Michael R. Mundrane, University of California- Grover Browning, Indiana University Berkeley Marianne Chitwood, I-Light Radha Nandkumar, NCSA Steve Corbato, University of Utah Jan Odegard, Rice University Gary Crane, SURA Jim Pepin, Clemson University Matt Davy, Indiana University Ruth Pordes, Fermilab Ray Ford, University of Montana Kurt Seiffert, Indiana University Jim French, University of Virginia Michael Shoffner, University of North Carolina at Rob Gardner, University of Chicago Chapel Hill Brandon George, University of Oklahoma Stephen Simms, Indiana University Andrew Grimshaw, University of Virginia Larry Smarr, Cal-IT2 Victor Hazelwood, University of Tennessee Knoxville Craig Stewart, Indiana University Russ Hobby, Internet2 Craig Struble, Marquette Kay Hunt, Purdue University Martin Swany, University of Delaware Dave Jent, Indiana University David Todd, University of Vermont Ken Klingenstein, Internet2 John Towns, NCSA Dale Lantrip, Indiana University Rob Vietzke, Internet2 Scott Lathrop, Argonne National Laboratory James Vincent, University of Vermont Jim Leous, Pennsylvania State University Von Welch, Independent Akhtar Mahmood, Bellarmine Matt Zekauskas, Internet2 John McGee, RENCI Tom Zeller, Indiana University Susan Mehringer, Cornell Organizing committee The workshop organizing committee consisted of David Jent, Kenneth Klingenstein, James Bottum, Jan Odegard, Guy Almes, and Craig Stewart. iii iv 1 Executive Summary 7 1. Introduction 11 2. General discussion of campus bridging and cyberinfrastructure 23 3. University context 29 4. Identity management and authentication 35 5. Data production 41 6. Networks and data movement 49 7. Wide area file systems 55 8. Data and commercial cloud services 59 9. Data archives 63 10. Visualization 69 11. Workforce and education 77 12. Environment and economics 81 13. References 89 Appendix 1. Workshop position papers 149 Appendix 2. Workshop presentations Case studies 20 NSFnet as a valuable cyberinfrastructure precedent 40 OSG ATLAS-TIER3 supercomputer at Bellarmine University 46 SURA regional campus bridging initiatives 66 Visualization at Indiana University as a campus bridging case study 74 Minority Serving Institutions Cyberinfrastructure Empowerment Coalition v vi Executive Summary 2 The goal of campus bridging is to enable the seamlessly integrated use among: a scientist or engineer’s personal cyberinfrastructure (CI); cyberinfrastructure on the scientist’s campus; cyberinfrastructure at other campuses; and cyberinfrastructure at the regional, national, and international levels; so that they all function as if they were proximate to the scientist. In April of 2010, Indiana University coordinated a workshop, funded in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF), on the data and networking aspects of cyberinfrastructure and campus bridging. Today’s system of national and international cyberinfrastructure is increasingly complicated and growing. We have a good deal of cyberinfrastructure available relative to data and networks nationally. What is greatly needed, and currently