THE REGIONAL METRO SYSTEM (RMS) OF NAPLES: design, implementation and impacts prof. Ennio Cascetta University of Naples Federico II DICEA - Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering [email protected] www.enniocascetta.net COMMUNITY OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE (CORP) AREA DEVELOPMENT AROUND STATION GO - SPOOR Towards a planning community for transit oriented development in the Netherlands AMSTERDAM, JUNE 27TH OUTLINE 1. THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK 2. RMS : DESIGN 3. RMS : IMPLEMENTATION 4. RMS : CRITICAL POINTS 5. RMS : IMPACTS CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 1 1 THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 OUTLINE 1. THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK . A comparison of rail systems in Italy and Europe . The Sustainable Mobility Spread in Italy 2. RMS : DESIGN 3. RMS : IMPLEMENTATION 4. RMS : CRITICAL POINTS 5. RMS : IMPACTS CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 2 THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK A COMPARISON OF RAIL SYSTEMS IN ITALY AND EUROPE METRO SYSTEMS Metro metro metro metro metro Metropolitan Network km Metropolitan network Metropolitan area network network network network area per mln inh area km (km) (km) /inh (km) (km) /inh Great London 408,0 54,3 Koln 45,0 44,5 Milan 86,9 61,8 Madrid 233,0 69,3 Lille 45,0 193,0 Paris - Ile de France 200,0 90,8 Bruxelles 43,8 39,8 Stuttgart Metropolitan 192,0 36,2 Norinberg 38,2 75,8 area Naples 47,5 36 Berlin and Branderburg 145,0 24,3 Budapest 34,8 20,5 Valencia 133,0 164,8 Lyon 29,3 60,0 Rome 41,5 14,8 Barcellona 112,3 69,3 Tolose 28,2 62,7 Hamburg 101,0 58,4 Marseille 21,8 25,4 Munich 85,8 62,2 Helsinki 21,0 36,3 Turin 9,6 10,6 Frankfurth 85,0 125,1 Bilbao 18,9 110,3 Amsterdam City 81,0 55,9 Seville 18,0 25,6 Region Genua 5,5 9 Newcastle 77,5 289,6 Glasgow 10,4 17,5 Wien (region) 65,3 38,1 Rennes 9,4 44,3 Palma de Dortmund 55,0 94,6 7,2 17,9 Total 175 26,44 Maiorca Median Praha 54,9 43,7 54,3 value Source: Isfort on the data from MetroTram, UrbanRail, EMTA and Gart CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK A COMPARISON OF RAIL SYSTEMS IN ITALY AND EUROPE TRAM SYSTEMS tram tram tram tram metropolitan tram network metropolitan tram network network network network metropolitan area network area (km) /inh area (km) (km) (km) (km) /inh (km) /inh Berlin and Milan 170,0 127,0 Lyon 46,2 94,7 Brandeburg 409,4 68,5 Turin 87,3 96,2 Bordeaux 44,0 36,5 Lipsia 148,0 281,6 Rome 51,2 18,4 Nantes 42,0 144,8 Frankfurt 144,0 211,9 Naples 11,2 11,7 Paris 39,4 17,8 Dresda 127,0 242,1 Genoa 0,0 0,0 Strasbourg 38,7 140,1 Chemnitz 100,8 414,7 Palermo 0,0 0,0 Montpellier 35,0 135,5 Brema 84,0 153,4 Italy 42,2 Grenoble 34,2 216,2 Dusserdolf 84,0 153,4 Manchester 73,0 165,5 Lille 22,0 94,3 Mannheim 73,0 234,0 London 57,0 7,3 Saint-Etienne 19,4 110,7 Munich 71,0 51,4 Sheffield 29,0 54,3 Rouen 18,3 161,8 Karlsruhe 65,0 223,6 Birmingham 20,4 19,7 Valencienne 18,0 412,2 Kassel 65,0 236,2 Blackpool 18,4 128,8 Orleans 18,0 154,1 Magdeburg 52,5 227,8 Nottingham 14,0 48,5 Le Mans 15,4 105,0 Essen 52,5 91,1 UK 70,7 Mulhouse 13,0 115,3 Saarbrucken 25,5 145,0 Alicante 98,0 295,4 Marseille 11,2 13,0 Stuttgard 17,0 29,3 Bilbao 59,5 168,7 France 130,0 Germany 184,3 Madrid 47,8 7,6 Barcelona 37,6 23,2 mean 130,7 Valencia 28,0 34,6 median 122,0 Sevilla 19,4 27,5 Tenerife 14,9 16,4 Vitoria- Gasteiz 9,0 37,8 Spain 76,4 Source: Isfort on the data from MetroTram, UrbanRail, EMTA and Gart CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 3 THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK THE SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY SPREAD IN ITALY Modal share and car ownership in cities >250.000 inh (ITA vs UE27) Modal share Car ITA 62% vs UE 43% (+19% 1.900pts spread) PT ITA 22% vs UE 32% (-10% 1.000pts spread) bicycle and on foot ITA 15% vs UE 25% (-10% 1.000pts spread) Car ownership (number of car per 1.000 inh) ITA 568 vs UE 334 (+70% 7.000pts spread) Source: FONDAZIONE CARACCIOLO ACI Car ownership and use costs 400÷550 €/person Fixed costs 950÷1300 €/family 100÷200 €/person Variable costs (auto – PT) 250÷500 €/family 500÷750 €/person Total 1200÷1800 €/family CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 2 THE REGIONAL METRO SYSTEM PROJECT OF NAPLES AND CAMPANIA: DESIGN CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 4 OUTLINE 1. THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN FRAMEWORK 2. RMS: DESIGN – THE CONTEXT • POPULATION AND INHABITANTS DENSITY • THE HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CAMPANIA RAILWAYS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAIL NETWORK • TRANSPORT AND URBAN SYSTEM WEAK POINTS – TRANSPORT AND LAND USE PLANNING GOALS – STRATEGIES • THE NAPLES MODEL • THE COGNITIVE APPROACH TO DECISION MAKING 3. RMS: IMPLEMENTATION 4. RMS: CRITICAL POINTS 5. RMS: IMPACTS CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 THE CONTEXT POPULATION AND INHABITANTS DENSITY 3.5 ML INHABITANTS, ONE OF THE DENSEST CITY IN THE WORLD CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 5 THE CONTEXT POPULATION AND INHABITANTS DENSITY Luz (Large Urban Zone Metropolitan): population and residential densities 6000,0 5 .16 9 5000,0 4000,0 3000,0 2 .6 0 7 1.9 0 3 2000,0 1.6 0 2 1.4 16 1.0 8 5 1.0 7 7 1.0 2 3 9 6 9 9 6 7 1000,0 9 18 6 9 1 6 7 0 6 5 5 6 2 0 590 460 444 284 278 0,0 Milan Wien Tokyo Lisbon Rome Madrid Berlin Praga Istanbul Naples Lond on Ath ens Brussels New Yo rk Bud apest BarcelonaVarsavia Munchen Copenh agen Paris (LUZ as Ile de Fr) Population (inh/10.000) Residential Densities (inh./kmq) SOURCE: EUROSTAT LUZ: AN AREA WITH A SIGNIFICANT SHARE OF THE RESIDENT COMMUTING WITHIN THE CITY (SOURCE: EUROSTAT, 2007) CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 THE CONTEXT POPULATION AND INHABITANTS DENSITY – CAMPANIA REGION CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 6 THE CONTEXT POPULATION AND INHABITANTS DENSITY – CITY OF NAPLES 94% of the population in 37% of urbanized land CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 THE CONTEXT THE HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CAMPANIA RAILWAYS • In the design of the Naples and Campania Metro System was adopted the strategy to focus on rail reinventing tradition. • The historical records of the railways in Campania: – 1839 Naples-Portici line, the first railway in Italy and Continental Europe – 1880 Vesuvius funicular, the first system on an active volcano NAPLES - PORTICI LINE VESUVIUS FUNICULAR CORP GO-SPOOR MEETING Amsterdam, June 27th, 2013 7 8 Sarno-Salerno (via Torricchio) (1992) 1992 Lagonegro R. CALABRIA R. Sapri POTENZA 27th, 2013 27th, 27th, 2013 27th, Casalbuono Rocchetta Antonio S. 1975 June June Romagnano FOGGIA Circumflegrea Napoli-Torregaveta (1962-86) Sicignano Lioni Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Eboli - 1950 1948 Agropoli Battipaglia SALERNO BENEVENTO Mercato S.S. Mercato Circumvesuviana Torre A.-Sorrento (1932-48) CAMPOBASSO dir. Villa Literno-Aversa (1928) Vietri Pozzuoli-Villa Literno-Formia (1927) AVELLINO Baiano Sarno : THE FIRST FIRST THE : Passante metropolitano Napoli Nocera I. Nocera Sassinoro Gragnano Pozzuoli(1925) Interporto 1925 Cancello 1921 Piedimonte M. Piedimonte Torre A. Torre Castellammare Sorrento 1920 CASERTA Alifana alta S. Maria CV-Piedimonte M. (1914) Portici Alifana bassa Napoli-S. Maria CV (1913) S. Maria CV Maria S. NAPOLI Benevento-Cancello (1910-13) Circumvesuviana Napoli-Poggiomarino (1904) Venafro Vairano Aversa Salerno-Mercato S.S. (1902) Avellino-Rocchetta S. Antonio (1892-95) Pozzuoli ITALY 1925 LINE POZZUOLI LINE 1925 GIANTURCO RAILWAY UNDERGROUND IN CONNECTION PASSING Circumvesuviana Napoli-Sarno (91-04) Tora Cumana Napoli-Pozzuoli-Torregaveta (1889- Villa Villa Literno 90) 1900 Benevento-Avellino (1886-91) ROMA Sicignano-Casalbuono (1886-88) Torregaveta Vairano-Venafro (1886) Castellammare-Gragnano (1885) Sessa Aurunca Sessa Torre A.-Cancello (1885) Circumvesuviana Napoli-Baiano (1884-85) Formia Battipaglia-Sapri (1883-94) Codola-Nocera Inf. (1882) 1875 Benevento-Sassinoro (1881-82) Eboli-Romagnano (1874-75) THE CONTEXT THE THE CONTEXT THE Mercato S.S.-Avellino (1871-79) 1871 1870 Napoli-Caserta-Benevento-Foggia (1867-70) Vietri-Salerno (1866) Salerno-Battipaglia (1863-66) from 1871to from 1871to 1920 from from 1840 to 1861 from 1949 to 1992 from from 1862 to1870 from 1921to 1948 railways by by 1839 railways Battipaglia-Eboli (1863) 1862 Railways Railways Railways Railways Railways Regional National National HSRline Railways 1861 Cancello-Mercato S.S. (1846-61) THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAIL NETWORKTHEDEVELOPMENT THE RAIL OF Napoli-Caserta-Tora (1843-61) m Torre A.-Castellammare (1842) K Portici-Torre A.-Vietri (1841-60) 4 340 Km 1179 1850 47 Km 47 Km 88 943 Km 943 101 SECOND SECOND THE HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CAMPANIA RAILWAYS RAILWAYS RECORDS THE CAMPANIA HISTORICAL THEOF SPOOR SPOOR MEETING SPOOR SPOOR MEETING 1840 - - lenght 1839 Napoli-Portici (1839) SEPSA Circum Alifana FS 1889 LINE CUMANA: CUMANA: LINE 1889 THE RAILWAY UNDERGROUND AFTER WORLD THE IN LONDON operators stations CORP GO CORP CORP GO CORP Network Network N.