An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. NisylCyc: Nicotiana sylvestris Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility. Author: Aureliano Bombarely, Virginia Tech Clathrin Sec-independent heavy chain 2/ protein /Phytozome: Chloride translocase Bradi4g25570.1; AP-2 complex subunit conductance AP-2 complex protein TATA, Symbols: NDH- non-specific serine/ sigma//Phytozome: Clathrin regulatory protein subunit sigma/ Symbols: | chloroplastic/ O | NAD(P) threonine protein GRMZM2G139624_P01; light chain 1/ ICln//Symbols: /Symbols: | Major facilitator Plasma /Symbols: | H:plastoquinone kinase; Species: phenylalanine ammonia- /Symbols: | | nucleotide- SNARE-like superfamily membrane- Sulfate Sodium/ Sodium/ Bacterial sec- dehydrogenase Sodium/ Brachypodium Sulfate Sulfate Proton lyase; Species: Zea Clathrin light sensitive chloride superfamily protein | associated ORF transporter ORF ORF hydrogen hydrogen independent complex subunit O hydrogen distachyon; Gene: transporter transporter ORF pump- mays mays; Gene: chain protein | conductance protein | chr2:7383194- cation- 1.3 exchanger 2 exchanger 2 translocation | chr1:28130112- exchanger 2 Bradi4g25570.1/ 1.3 1.3 interactor 2 GRMZM2G139624_P01/ chr2:8943279- regulator (ICln) chr1:17613346- 7387783 binding protein mttA/ 28131020 /Symbols: /Symbols: | SNARE- 8945108 family protein | 17614784 FORWARD protein 1 Hcf106 | REVERSE | Clathrin, like superfamily protein | REVERSE chr5:25019568- REVERSE LENGTH=456 chr5:10784142- LENGTH=158 heavy chain | chr1:17613346-17614784 LENGTH=338 25020972 LENGTH=142 10785677 chr3:2587171- REVERSE LENGTH=142 FORWARD REVERSE 2595411 LENGTH=229 LENGTH=147 REVERSE Anther-specific LENGTH=1703 Expansin-A4//Phytozome protein LAT52// GSVIVT01015676001; ORF Symbols: | Pollen 3,4-dihydroxy-2- Ole e 1 allergen butanone-4-phosphate DEGRADATION/ and extensin synthase; GTP FERMENTATION AMINO ACIDS DEGRADATION family protein | SECONDARY METABOLITES BIOSYNTHESIS PHOTOSYNTHESIS oxygenic photosynthesis UTILIZATION/ cyclohydrolase II; Spe a large- a [protein]-L- 4α,14α-dimethyl- peroxiredoxin- chr1:10179029- ASSIMILATION dTTP taxa- uridine 2'-deoxycytidine aldehydo-D- 17-O- 17-O- CTP a 1,3-α- a 1,4-α- a sugar 1- 24,25- a protein a DNA UTP 2'-deoxycytidine a long- Vitis vinifera; Gen pyruvate L-iditol pullulan branched lichenan chitin a pectin 5 α sucrose β-D-glucose maltohexaose α-D-glucose a pectate UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl- pyruvate valine degradation I (S)-coclaurine galacturonate O-sinapoylcholine HMS D-glucan D-glucan glutamate-O UTP 5 -cholesta- (S-hydroxy-S L-ascorbate violaxanthin linear glucan ethylnitronate meso-diaminopimelate 10179811 GSVIVT01015676001 jasmonic acid fermentation glutamine tyrosine degradation aspartate - OTHER Probable apyrase 7: 4,11-diene Uridine-cytidine kinase C: acetylajmaline acetylnorajmaline dCTP pyrophosphatase 1: phosphate dihydrolanosterol dithiol with uracil Deoxycytidine kinase: plant sterol biosynthesis hypoglycin biosynthesis hesperitin glycoside leucodelphinidin biosynthesis (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca- avenacin biosynthesis, initial reactions phenylethyl acetate phenylethanol biosynthesis rose anthocyanin biosynthesis II luteolin glycosides biosynthesis anthocyanin biosynthesis myo-inositol proanthocyanidin biosynthesis from flavanols 2,3-trans-flavanols biosynthesis lupeol biosynthesis H O isoleucine degradation I leucine degradation I leucine degradation III methionine L-cysteine cyanide glucan Deoxycytidine kinase: Probable glucan 1,3- -methyl-ester 8,24-dien-3β-ol -oxocysteine) L-alanyl--D-glutamate FORWARD biosynthesis phenylpropanoid biosynthesis superpathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis (from delphinidin 3-O-glucoside) coumarin biosynthesis papaverine biosynthesis benzoate biosynthesis III (CoA- syringetin biosynthesis benzoate biosynthesis II (CoA- rosmarinic acid D-myo-inositol (3,4,5,6)- OTHER BIOSYNTHESIS superpathway of purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I NUCLEOSIDES AND NUCLEOTIDES BIOSYNTHESIS AMINES AND POLYAMINES BIOSYNTHESIS 2 fermentation CARBOXYLATES DEGRADATION Taxadiene 5-alpha (S)-coclaurine N- Chitinase 2: Acetylajmalan esterase: Sinapine esterase: pectinesterase: Acetylajmalan esterase: 2-hydroxymuconate Alpha-glucosidase: Methylesterase 3: UDP-sugar Sterol 14-demethylase: Sterol 14-demethylase: sulfiredoxin: Uracil-DNA glycosylase: violaxanthin de-epoxidase: sucrose alpha-glucosidase: 4-alpha-glucanotransferase: 4-alpha-glucanotransferase: nitronate monooxygenase: Putative pectate lyase 2: biosynthesis 1,3,7,11-tetraene biosynthesis biosynthesis (via cyanidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside) (pelargonidin biosynthesis CELL STRUCTURES BIOSYNTHESIS superpathway of adenosine pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis from CTP superpathway of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside salvage purine deoxyribonucleosides salvage adenine and to ethanol II degradation I degradation I (to IV (to 4-methylphenol) degradation I degradation Sorbitol dehydrogenase: pullulanase: pullulanase: Nsyl_KD969492g0023.1 Lichenase: Nsyl_KD966942g0003.1 Nsyl_KD940790g0022.1 D-galacturonate reductase: Nsyl_ASAF01110446g0004.1 Nsyl_KD940790g0022.1 (via 2-coumarate) dependent, non-β-oxidative) independent, non-β-oxidative) biosynthesis II tetrakisphosphate biosynthesis Leucoanthocyanidin reductase: superpathway of pyrimidine to lactate degradation II [+ 12 isozymes] [+ 8 isozymes] Nsyl_KD968512g0005.1 Nsyl_KD952082g2002.1 [+ 2 isozymes] semialdehyde hydrolase: alpha-glucosidase: Nsyl_KD970520g0004.1 Nsyl_KD977591g0002.1 Nsyl_KD956879g0005.1 Nsyl_KD956879g0005.1 Nsyl_KD938315g0004.1 UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl- LENGTH=171Expansin-B5/ (3S)-2,3- (3S)-2,3- nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I Nsyl_KD955885g0010.1 Nsyl_KD948061g0009.1 Nsyl_KD948061g0009.1 Nsyl_KD946683g0003.1 hydroxylase: methyltransferase: Nsyl_KD953128g1011.1 Nsyl_KD976806g0001.1 Nsyl_KD934191g0002.1 Nsyl_KD976806g0001.1 Nsyl_KD975376g0006.1 pyrophosphorylase: 4,4-dimethyl-Nsyl_KD939476g1020.1 4α-methyl-5αNsyl_KD939476g1020.1- Nsyl_KD964868g0005.1 a DNA Nsyl_KD970413g0004.1 Nsyl_KD967782g0007.1 Nsyl_KD947246g0007.1[unspecified Serpin-ZX// 3-O-glucoside) an deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis adenosine pyruvate val homocysteine) [+ 4 isozymes] [+ 11 isozymes] [+ 137 isozymes] [+ 11 isozymes] Nsyl_KD941538g0001.1 [+ 5 isozymes] α dCMP UDP β-D- [+ 2 isozymes] [+ 2 isozymes] [+ 16 isozymes] α-linolenate (2E,6E)-farnesyl delphinidin-3-O eriodictyol an unknown epoxy-2,3- (+)- luteolin D-glucopyranose a leucoanthocyanidin Nsyl_KD973197g0007.1 epoxy-2,3- seleno-amino acid biosynthesis superpathway of polyamine biosynthesis II Photosystem II D2 protein: ile L-ascorbate hydrogen Nsyl_KD929608g0003.1 dCMP Nsyl_KD968369g0006.1 Nsyl_KD981433g0001.1 a [protein]- - Nsyl_KD941841g0017.1 peroxiredoxin-(S a protein L-dehydro- α-D-glucose a pectate oligosaccharide with D-glutamate--2,6-diaminopimelate Symbols: | Serine /Symbols: thr 4-coumarate eriodictyol trans- (S)-coclaurine 2-phenylethanol D-myo-inositol phe cyanidin leucodelphinidin gallocatechin 3-methylthiopropanoate PRPP suberin monomers biosynthesis PRPP CTP 2'-deoxycytidine salvage II UDP-N-acetyl- putrescine biosynthesis IV pyruvate leu gln leu tyr asp keto-L- a long- dTMP UMP N,N'- aldehydo-L- choline sinapate CMP a 1,3-α- a 1,4-α- methanol 5-α-cholesta- formate cholesta-8,14,24- formate containing an uracil zeaxanthin acetaldehyde nitrite degradation diphosphate -β-D-glucoside GGPP oxygen source dihydrokaempferol leucopelargonidin 6-phosphate anthocyanidin choline degradation I Nsyl_KD959689g0006.1 cys oxalate cyanide maltotriose a short glucan taxa-4(20) (S)-N- 2-oxopent- α-D-glucose α L-glutamate -hydroxycysteine) disulfide ascorbate fructofuranose maltopentaose maltose a short glucan a short glucan α ligase: Nsyl_KD936562g0012.1 ATEXPB2, cinnamate phe dihydrosqualene phe tyr dihydrosqualene sporopollenin Transcription Branched-chain-amino- met degradation IV sorbose linear glucan diacetylchitobiose galactonate ajmaline acetate a pectate methanol norajmaline acetate formate -D-glucose a UDP-sugar 8,14-dien-3-β-ol trien-3β-ol apyrimidinic site products] a pectate 4-(4-deoxy- -D-galact-4- UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ- protease inhibitor ORF Symbols: LOX1, ATLOX1 4-coumarate-- Flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase 2: (1,3,4)-trisphosphate Symbols: | UDP- Leucoanthocyanidin biosynthesis biosynthesis I Probable apyrase 7: 2'-deoxyguanosine 2'-deoxyadenosine D-glucosamine [+ 25 isozymes] L-lactate dehydrogenase: Branched-chain-amino- degradation IV Bifunctional L-3- α 4-enoate D-glucan D-glucan farnesyl-diphosphate L-threonine ammonia-lyase: Symbols: | HXXXD-type Symbols: | UDP- (+)- Flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase 2: inositol-3- Anthocyanidin reductase: Lupeol synthase: precursor biosynthesis gln hydrogen carbonate IMP asp Deoxycytidine kinase: factor bHLH48: Branched-chain-amino- Asparagine synthetase Branched-chain-amino- ,11-dien-5 -ol methylcoclaurine enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate end (SERPIN) EXPB2, ATHEXP | lipoxygenase 1 | CoA ligase-like 9: Anthocyanidin 3- Nsyl_ASAF01391954g0001.1 (E,E)-geranyllinalool synthase: Beta-amyrin synthase: Cycloartenol synthase 2: Glycosyltransferase Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase: