INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Fhotographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9307800 Queenship in fourteenth-century England: Theoretical and actual authority. (Volumes I and II) Lake, Barbara Joyce, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1992 UMI 300 N. ZeebRd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 QUEENSHIP IN FOURTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND: THEORETICAL AND ACTUAL AUTHORITY Volume I DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Barbara Joyce Lake» A.B., M.A * * * * #- The Ohio State U niversity 1992 D issertation Committee: Approved by: James M. K ittelso n Joseph H. Lynch Franklin J. Pegues Departm Copyright by Barbara Joyce Lake 1992 To Jennifer and Diane ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I express sincere appreciation to Dr. Franklin J. Pegues for his guidance and patience throughout this process. My appreciation goes as well to the other members of my advisory committee) Drs. James M. Kittelson and Joseph H. Lynch, for their very welcome comments. In addition, I would lik e to thank Dr. John Gabel whose a ssista n ce with transliterating was both practical and inspirational. Finally, my gratitude goes to family and friends who simply would not allow me to give up. ill VITA December 24, 1933 .............................Born - Winchester, Kentucky 1955 ............................................................... B.A., University of Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky 1955-1956 ................................................... University of Liverpool, England (Fulbright Fellowship) 1963 ..... ................................... M.A., University of Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky 1982-Present ......................................... Professor and Academic Advi­ sor; Capital University Adult Degree Program; Columbus, Ohio MAJOR FIELD OF STUDY: History iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume I DEDICATION...................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..................................................................................................... i l l VITA....................................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................vii ABBREVI AT IO N S ...........................................................................................................vi i i INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER PAGE I. THE QUEEN’S BIOGRAPHIES ................................................... 3 Margaret of France .............................................................. 3 Isabel of France .................................................................... 6 Philippa of Hainault .............................................................. 11 Anne of Bohem ia......................................................................... IV Isabel of V alois......................................................................... 21 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 28 N o t e s ..................................................................................................... 31 II. SELECTING THE CONSORTS........................................................ AO Marriage Negotiations ........................................................ 5A Margaret of F ra n ce................................................... 5A Isabel of F rance ........................................................ 56 Philippa of Hainault ............................................. 58 Anne of Bohemia.............................................................. 61 Isabel of V a lo is ........................................................ 62 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 66 N o t e s ..................................................................................................... 68 V III. THE CORONATION................................................................................ 75 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 104 N o t e s ............................................................................................................107 IV. THE QUEENS’ AUTHORITY IN THEORY — PREROGATIVES, INFLUENCE, AND RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................... 113 Summary and C o n c l u s i o n s ................................. 155 N o t e s ............................................................................................................159 V. THE QUEENS’ AUTHORITY IN PRACTICE — INCOME AND WEALTH...........................................................................171 D o w r y ............................................................................................................172 Dower G r a n t s...........................................................................................173 Supplemental Grants .............................................................. 189 Prerogative Revenues .............................................................. 200 Miscellaneous Revenues ........................................................ 207 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 217 N o t e s ...........................................................................................................219 VI. THE QUEENS’ AUTHORITY IN PRACTICE: ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF ................................................... 231 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 247 N o t e s ...........................................................................................................249 VII. PROBLEMS WITH WEALTH AND PROPERTY..............................253 Summary and Conclusions ................................................... 276 N o t e s ...........................................................................................................278 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................284 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1 ..............................................................................................204 Table S ... ........................................................................206 Table 3 ..............................................................................................243 Table 4 .............................................................................................270 ABBREVIATIONS AHR American Historical Review BIHR Bui let in of the Institute of Historical Research BJRL Bui let in of the John Rvland’s Library CCR Calendar of Close Rolls CChR Calendar of Charter Rolls CChW Calendar of Chancery Warrants CFR Calendar of Fine Rolls CPR Calendar of Patent Rolls DMB Dictionary of National Biography EETS Early English Text Society EHR English Historical Review I no. Misc . Calendar of Inouisitions Miscellaneous I no. P.M. Calendar of Inouisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents PMLA Publications of the Modern Language Assoc iat ion RS Rolls Series VCH The Victoria History of the Counties of Ena 1 and * Asterisk indicates word is defined in the Glossary. viii introduction During the fourteenth century? an era in which all apocalyptic horses were loosed, five noble ladies sailed across the channel to England to become consorts to the Plantagenet kings. Margaret of France, Isabel of France, Philippa of Hainault, Anne of Bohemia, and Isabel of Valois accepted with the role of queen a tradition of wealth and power. History has, to a large extent, ignored these women and the substantial authority they must have held among their contemporaries. Excepting anecdotes and enormities, meager data of the era cause them to appear one dimensional — the facades behind which international mergers were accom­ plished.