A TAXONOMIC LISTING OF BENTHIC MACRO- and MEGAINVERTEBRATES from Infaunal & Epifaunal Monitoring and Research Programs in the Southern California Bight EDITION 11 1 July 2016 Prepared by The Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Research & Collections 900 Exposition Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90007 The editors of this list intend that it undergo regular updates. SCAMIT hopes to maintain the list as a doc- ument useful to those involved with monitoring programs within the Southern California Bight. To this end we solicit the users' assistance. Please forward any comments, corrections, or suggested additions you may have to them: Donald B. Cadien or Lawrence L. Lovell [email protected] [email protected] Marine Biology Laboratory Marine Biology Laboratory County Sanitation Districts County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County of Los Angeles County 24501 S. Figueroa St. 24501 S. Figueroa St. Carson, CA 90745 Carson, CA 90745 This document is available to members for downloading in Portable Document Format (pdf) at the SCAMIT web site (www.scamit.org). To view or download the document you must have the Adobe Acr- obat Reader which allows you to view or print pdf files. The reader is distributed by Adobe free of charge and may be downloaded from their web site (www.adobe.com). Copyright © 2016 by the Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists This material may not be duplicated and resold. Permission to copy or use is hereby granted subject to inclusion of this copyright notice. Edition 11 i 1 July 2016 Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists A TAXONOMIC LISTING OF BENTHIC MACRO- and MEGAINVERTEBRATES from Infaunal and Epifaunal Monitoring and Research Programs in the Southern California Bight Prepared by The Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists Donald B. Cadien and Lawrence L. Lovell, editors EDITION 11 Taxonomic standardization, assuring that the same name is applied to an organism by different taxono- mists each time that organism is encountered, is an important quality control concern in any biological monitoring program. Compatibility of taxonomic data generated by agencies and organizations contribut- ing to regional monitoring programs is essential if the full value of these surveys is to be realized. There are two obstacles to achieving the goal of standardization: the complexity and fluidity of invertebrate tax- onomy; and the differences in expertise, experience, and opinion of taxonomists involved in monitoring within the region. While these obstacles hinder us from achieving uniformity, a great deal can be accom- plished in its pursuit. Central to that effort is regional cooperation and communication among the taxon- omists responsible for the surveys. The Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists (SCAMIT) was formed in 1982 to promote the study of invertebrate taxonomy and develop a standardized taxonomy of marine inverte- brates within the region. Its membership includes most of the taxonomists responsible for conducting in- faunal and epifaunal monitoring programs in Southern California coastal waters. SCAMIT's activities include monthly meetings, workshops, and communication of taxonomic information to its membership through a newsletter and website (www.scamit.org). This list of invertebrates from benthic habitats of the Southern California Bight (SCB) is a contribution of SCAMIT toward the development of regionally coordinated monitoring within the Bight. This edition updates Edition 10 of July 2015, and continues SCAMIT's efforts to compile and maintain a list of species for which taxonomy is believed standard within the region. That is, a list of species names that are uni- formly and consistently applied to organisms in research and monitoring programs within the region. Like earlier editions, this is a conservative document constrained by both the information base from which it is derived and by the criteria for inclusion of taxa on the list. Caution is required in the use of this or any other “master species” list. Taxonomic listings do not in themselves constitute standardization of taxonomic usage. They are only tools that contribute to standard- ization, both as a product and in the process of their development and maintenance. Those responsible for developing regional monitoring should not attempt to impose on contributing surveys an artificially rigid Edition 11 1! 1 July 2016 taxonomy based upon a static list of standard names. Such an approach would inevitably lead to poorer quality survey data. Some differences in taxonomy and nomenclatural usage will continue to appear in data sets originating from contributing surveys. Most of these will reflect either change in the species en- countered or new revisionary work. Some will represent non-standard usage despite efforts such as this listing and other activities of SCAMIT. Regional data-management systems must allow both growth and emendation to their species lists to conform to current usage. Ranasinghe et al. (2003b) evaluated the suc- cess of quality assurance taxonomic standardization in the second regional monitoring survey Bight ‘98 (B’98) and provided some idea of both the value of the contributions to standardization made to date and the magnitude of the unresolved issues. Edition 7 was the first edition available only on-line. It was available in Portable Document Format (pdf), which is fully searchable. This renders the Index provided in previous editions obsolete, and none is pro- vided here. Edition 11 is another step in the evolution to a fully interactive on-line list in the future, where comments and questions regarding the list contents can be made by users in real-time. Future lists will be linked to other resources on the internet, providing additional information on the species covered. We have not yet accomplished this, but look forward to doing so in the near future. COVERAGE OF EDITION 11 This document provides a list of macroinvertebrates and megainvertebrates from both soft and hard bot- tom habitats of the SCB. Holoplanktonic species are not included in the list. For the purposes of the list, macroinvertebrates are defined as those organisms retained upon a 0.3 mm or larger mesh screen. Epiben- thic megainvertebrates are defined as benthic organisms captured in otter trawls and having a body di- mension greater than 1 cm. The list draws from sam- pling programs that have been in existence since as Contributing Programs early as 1970 (see table of contributors). Over that LARGE DISCHARGE MONITORING PROGRAMS period, sampling frequencies and station locations City of Los Angeles, Bureau of Sanitation, Envi- have varied but gear types and methods have been ronmental Monitoring Division County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County stable. The list reflects organisms collected from Orange County Sanitation District thousands of samples within the habitats covered. City of San Diego, Public Utilities Department Most records are from soft substrate on the inner to SMALL DISCHARGE MONITORING PROGRAMS mid shelf within the SCB, but increasingly informa- Goleta Sanitary District City of Santa Barbara tion on other habitats from the intertidal to the near- Carpenteria Sanitary District shore basins is also represented. Records in the pub- City of Oxnard lished literature are not sufficient for inclusion, only South East Regional Reclamation Authority actual examined specimens form the basis for this City of Oceanside Encina Water Pollution Control Facility listing. There are 3227 species-level taxa on the list San Elijo Joint Powers Authority representing 17 phyla, 39 classes, 132 orders, and City of Avalon 706 families. International Treatment Plant MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES Geographic coverage is from Point Conception, Cal- Terminal Island Treatment Plant Outfall Study ifornia to Bahía Todos Santos, Baja California Sur, Tijuana Ocean Engineering Study Mexico in intertidal to 1000m depths. As in previous LACSD Reference Survey San Diego Sediment Mapping Study editions, the information on which the list is based San Diego Deep Benthic Pilot Study comes from survey data collected in monitoring pro- REGIONAL SURVEYS grams of publicly owned wastewater treatment Southern California Coastal Water Research works (POTWs). Coverage within the Bight is biased Project Reference Surveys 1994 Southern California Bight Pilot Project by the distribution of sampling efforts associated (SCBPP) with these programs. The largest of these are cen- Southern California Bight 1998, 2003, 2008, and tered on the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles/Or- 2013 Regional Monitoring Projects ange County and San Diego. The fauna from shelf Edition 11 2! 1 July 2016 and upper slope depths in these areas is well represented. North of the Los Angeles region, monitoring programs are fewer in number and smaller in scale. Consequently, the fauna of the northern Bight is un- der-represented. Records from Regional Monitoring Surveys in 1994, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013 (Allen et al. 1998, 2002, 2007, 2011; Bergen et al. 1998; Ranasinghe et al. 2003a, 2007, 2012) improved cover- age in this northern region as well as between POTW monitoring areas. Coverage is poorer south of the US/Mexico border where the only records come from monitoring of the South Bay Ocean Outfall (south to Punta Banderas) and the Mexican component of the Bight ’98 Regional Survey (south to Bahía Todos Santos). Records from estuaries,