Irish Journal of Anthropology Volume 17(1) 2014 1 Irish Journal of Anthropology Anthropological Association of Ireland Volume 17(1) 2014 Inside: Memory and Recovery Photo: Welcome to Europe Photo Accreditation: Sean O’Dubhghaill General Editor: Fiona Larkan Volume 17(1) 2014 ISSN: 1393-8592 Irish Journal of Anthropology Th eIrish Journal of Anthropology is the organ of the Anthropological Association of Ireland. As such, it aims to promote the discipline of anthropology on the island of Ireland, north and south. It seeks to provide coverage of Irish-related matters and of issues in general anthropology and to be of interest to anthropologists inside and outside academia, as well as to colleagues in a range of other disciplines, such as Archaeology, Cultural Studies, Development Studies, Ethnology and Folk Studies, Gaeilge, Irish Studies, and Sociology. Editor: Dr Fiona Larkan, Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin. [email protected] Associate Editor: Professor Fiona Magowan, School of History and Anthropology, Th e Queen’s University of Belfast. [email protected] Editorial Assistant: Kathleen Openshaw. [email protected] Editorial Advisory Board: Dr Dominic Bryan, School of History and Anthropology, Th e Queen’s University of Belfast Dr Anthony Buckley, Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, Cultra, Co. Down Dr Keith Egan, Independent Researcher, Galway Dr John Nagle, Lecturer in Anthropology, University of East London Professor Máiréad Nic Craith, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Dr Séamas Ó’Siocháin, Anthropology Department, NUI Maynooth Dr Carles Salazar, University of Lleida, Spain Professor Ida Susser, Th e Graduate Centre, Th e City University of New York Professor Elizabeth Tonkin, Oxford, England Book Review Editors: Dr Fiona Murphy, Department of Anthropology, NUI Maynooth. fi [email protected] Dr Ioannis Tsioulakis, Department of History and Anthropology, Th e Queens University of Belfast. [email protected] Irish Language Editors: Dr Steve Coleman, Department of Anthropology, NUI Maynooth. [email protected] Finances: Th erese Cullen, AAI Treasurer, 25 Ava Ave., Belfast BT7 3BP, Co. Antrim. [email protected] Membership Secretary: Siún Carden [email protected] Th eIrish Journal of Anthropology appears twice a year, in Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter. Members of the AAI receive the journal as part of their membership subscription. Information about membership can be found on the AAI web-site: www.anthropologyireland.org Membership fees for 2014 are €30 for waged, and €15 for unwaged members. Advertising Rates: Full Page: €100; Half Page: €60; Quarter Page: €40 Irish Journal of Anthropology Vol. 17(1) 2014 Spring/Summer Table of Contents Editorial Note Notes on Contributors Articles 6 Sean O’Dubhghaill Europe is Not a Place: Recovering Memory in a Non-lieu de Memoire 13 Paul Downes Moving Beyond Diametric Structured Myths for Recovery in Irish Society 21 Niamh Hourigan Reversed Memory, Collective Action and the Irish Economic Crisis 2010-2013 27 Will Denayer How and Why Economists Forget: A Note on Development, Manufacturing and Outsourcing 34 Kathleen Openshaw “Being on Fire for Jesus”: Faith Memory and How Reborn Members of the Redeemed Christian Church of God Make Home in Ireland 40 Jonathan Evershed Beyond What Actually Happened: Loyalist Spectral Politics and the Problematic Privileging of ‘History’ During Northern Ireland’s Decade of Centenaries 46 Sean O’Dubhghaill “It’s fake - I mean it sounds the same, but it’s fake”: Plasticity, Simulation and Passing Through the Irish Language in Belgium. 51 Dymphna Lonergan Irish Ways in the 1911 Census 59 Thomas Strong Ethnicity, ID-ology, and their Discontents: An Interview with Jean Comaroff Book Reviews 68 Hofmann, Gert and Snježana Zoric (Eds.), Topodynamics of Arrival: Essays on Self and Pilgrimage (Keith Egan) 69 Richard Lawrence Jordan, The Second Coming of Paisley: Militant Fundamentalism and Ulster Politics (Shaun McDaid) 70 Fiona Magowan and Louise Wrazen (eds), Performing Gender, Place, and Emotion in Music: Global Perspectives (Michalis Poupazis) Calls for Papers 72 Anthropological Association of Ireland 2015 Annual Conference - Permanence and transition/transitoriness: anthropological perspectives – University College Cork 72 The Social Pathologies of Contemporary Civilization Fifth International Conference - Erasmus University, Rotterdam. 4 Irish Journal of Anthropology Volume 17(1) 2014 Editorial Note This issue of the Irish Journal of Anthropology draws articles from a rich selection presented at the Anthropological Association of Ireland 2014 Annual conference, the theme of which was Memory and Recovery. Heartfelt thanks to colleagues in Sligo Institute of Technology, and especially Sam Moore (Department of Environmental Science: Archaeology), for so generously hosting our conference in February of this year, and for the wonderful hospitality shown to our members. We also include in this issue the prize-winning entry from the 2013 AAI Essay Competition, which was written by Sean O’Dubhghaill (pictured below). “It’s fake – I mean it sounds the same, but it’s fake”: Plasticity, Simulation and Passing Through the Irish Language in Belgium uses vignettes from non-Native Irish speakers in Belgium, to conduct a contextual examination of complex notions of falsehood and authenticity. Sean’s second publication in this issue of the journal is drawn from his contribution to the AAI conference in February. We were delighted to have Professor Jean Comaroff visit Ireland late last year, and Dr Thomas Strong (NUIM) took the opportunity to interview her for the IJA. Together Thomas Strong and Professor Comaroff take her latest book Ethnicity Inc. (co-authored by John Comaroff) as a starting point from which to explore issues of the commodification and corporatization of ethnicity and identity, the ‘plausible fiction’ of an Andersonian imagined community, and limits to the potential for self-construction. This issue of the IJA brings my period as editor to an end. I am delighted that James Cuffe (jamescuffe@ ucc.ie) will be taking over the role of general editor from autumn this year. James comes to us with a wealth of experience and I know he will bring the journal on to bigger and better things in the coming years. I look forward to seeing the progress and am confident that the journal is in safe hands. I would like to thank the entire editorial team, and in particular our current Editorial Assistant Kathleen Openshaw, for their contributions, freely given, during my incumbency. 2013 Essay prizewinner Sean O’Dubhghaill (right) with AAI Chairperson Terence Wright Irish Journal of Anthropology Volume 17(1) 2014 5 Notes on Contributors Sean O’ Dubhghaill is a Doctoral researcher at the Interculturalism, migration and minorities research unit in KU Leuven, Belgium. His research examines how the Irish community in Belgium undergo processes of Europeanisation as well as well as ‘home’-making in a transnational context. His research interests are the Anthropology of Mobilities, the Irish language and in the areas of the Irish community worldwide. Dr. Paul Downes is Director of the Educational Disadvantage Centre and Senior Lecturer in Psychology at St. Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, Dublin City University. He is a member of the European Commission Network of Experts on the Social Aspects of Education and Training (2011-2014), was a member of the Irish Joint Oireachtas Committee on Education Expert Group on Early School Leaving (2010) and was a Visiting Research Fellow, University of Cambridge Lauterpacht Centre (2011). Paul has been engaged in expert advisory roles to the OSCE (Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe) in Kosovo, Amnesty International in Estonia and for the University of Malta. His books include The Primordial Dance: Diametric and Concentric Spaces in the Unconscious World (2012) and Access to Education in Europe (2014). Dr. Niamh Hourigan is Senior Lecturer and Head of Graduate Studies in Sociology at the School of Sociology and Philosophy, University College Cork Dr. Will Denayer is a senior researcher at the Centre for Adult and Continuing Education at University College Cork. He works on the theory of the rate of profit, world system anaysis, de-industrialisation and outsourcing and on educational needs of mature learners in deprived urban areas. Kathleen Openshaw: A South African native, Kathleen completed her undergraduate degree in Psychology at Rand Afrikaans University, and an Honours degree in Anthropology through the same institution (now the University of Johannesburg). She has a Masters degree in Anthropology and Development through NUI Maynooth. Her MA thesis focused on how Pentecostal Nigerian migrants make home in Ireland. Following many years of work in medical administration she also has a strong interest in medical anthropology. Kathleen is Editorial Assistant to the Irish Journal of Anthropology and Social Media co-ordinator for the recently established Irish Medical Anthropology Network. Jonathan Evershed is an AHRC BGP scholar and doctoral student at the Institute of Irish Studies, Queen’s University Belfast, where his research focuses on the politics of commemoration in contemporary Ulster Loyalism. He holds both a bachelor’s degree and an MSc in Violence, Conflict and Development from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Dymphna Lonergan was born in Dublin. She lectures in English and Linguistics at Flinders University, South Australia. Her book Sounds