Chro7wlo^y of Major Events m Cuban History 1868 War of Independence begins. 1898 Battleship Manic explodes in Havana harbor, and the U.S. declares war on Spain. After several months a peace treaty is signed, and Cuba be comes protectorate of the United States. 1901 Piatt Amendment attached to Cuban Constitu tion gives the United States the right to intervene. 1906-1909 Second U.S. intervention occurs. 1917-1922 Third U.S. intervention occurs. 1925-1933 Gerardo Machado rules Cuba. August 13, 1927 Fidel Castro is born. 1933 Nationalist revolution ousts Alachado, and Ramon Grau becomes provisional president. 1934 Fulgencio Batista removes revolutionary govern ment. 1934-1940 Batista controls Cuba through puppet govern ments. 1940-1944 Batista is president of Cuba. 1944-1948 Ramon Grau serves as president. 1948-1952 Carlos Prio serves as president. Alarch 10, 1952 Fulgencio Batista takes over power through mili t a r y c o u p . July 26, 1953 Castro attacks Aioncada Barracks and is captured. Alay 15, 1955 Castro and his followers are released from prison. July 7, 1955 Castro goes into exile, visits U.S. and Central America, prepares expedition in Alexico. November 30, 1956 Santiago revolt is led by Frank Pais. December 2, 1956 Gramna landing takes place. Alarch 13, 1957 Assault on Presidential Palace is made by Direc- torio Revolucionario. Alay 27, 1957 C6>n//t/a'landing takes place. July 30, 1957 Frank Pais is killed. April 9, 1958 General strike fiasco occurs. C H R O X O L O C ; V O F M A J O R F \ ' F N T S I X C U R A X H I S TO RY June 1958 Batista niilitar\- olTcnsivc acrainst rcl)cls begins. August 1958 Regime's offensive ends, and revolutionar\- coun terattack starts. January i, 1959 Batista leaves power, provisional junta is set up, and Castro calls general revoluti()nar\- strike against junta. m Cubmi FoUtical Fartles mui Or(riwizatioiis before i A secret terrorist organization of the 1930s taking its name from the first three letters of the alphabet. Ala Izquierda Estudiantil. A left-wing and Marxist-oriented student group in the 1930s. Its leaders included Raul Roa, among others. Accidn Radical Ortodoxa. The political group of the late 1940s advocating armed insurrection. Fidel Castro was one of its leaders. Comitc de Superacidn Universitaria. A university student group in the 1940s. Directorio Estudiantil Universitario. A revolutionary or ganization of university students in the 1930s. Founded by Carlos Prio Socarnis and Ramiro \Stldes Daussa. Directorio Revolucionario. A revolutionary organization formed to overthrow the Batista regime in late 1955 by Jose Antonio Fchevarria. Federacion Fstudiantil Universitaria. A federation of uni versity students greatly concerned with Cuban politics. It was led in the 1950s by Jose Antonio Fchevarria. Junta de Liberacibn. A Cuban exile group of Batista oppo nents formed in the United States in 1957. Legion del Caribe. The Caribbean Legion was formed in the 1940s primarily b\' Dominican exiles and adventurers. It at tempted to overthrow various dictatorships in the Caribbean. Alovimiento 26 de Julio. The 26th of July Movement was the anti-Batista organization led bv^ Fidel Castro and Frank Pais. Jul\^ 26 was the date of Castro's attack on the Aloncada army barracks in 1953. Alovimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario. A political group formed in 1953 composed mostly of upper-middle-class universit\ students. Its leaders were Rafae. Garcia Barcena and Armando Hart. Alovimiento Socialista Revolucionario. A left-wing and anti- communist terrorist organization of the 1940s. Among its leaders was Alario Salabarria. Organizacibn Autcntica. An action-oriented splinter group CUHAX POLITICAL PARTI KS AM) O I<(; A N 1/A 11 () N S that broke awav from the Autcntico Part\-. Its leader was Carlos Prk) Socarras. Partido Accidn Unitaria. Fulgencio Batista's political ma chine. Partido del Pueblo Ciibano or Ortodo.xo Part\'. The (mban People's Party, formed in 1947 under the leadership of Eduardo Chibas on a broad reformist and anti-Autentico program. Partido Revolucionario Cubano or .Autentico Partw The Cuban Revolutionar\' Party was the part\- of Ramon (Iran San Martin and (iarlos Prio Socarras, founded by Grau after his expulsion from the presidency in 1934. Partido Socialista Popular or Communist Parry. The Peo ple's Socialist Party was the Cuban Communist Party and was led by Bias Roca, among others. Sociedad de Amigos de la Republica. An association of in fluential Cubans who attempted to find a peaceful sfilurion to Cuba s problems. The group's leaders included Cosine de la Torriente and Jose .Miro Cardona. Union Insurreccional Revolucionaria. A left-wing terrorist group and the MSR's main enemy. Jesus Diegues x\;is one of tne main figures, as was Fidel Castro. REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLE 1947-1958 Volume I of the Selected Works of Fidel Castro.