’ >‘: NASA j z RP 1087 i NASA c.1 Reference Publication 1087 July 1982 Handbook of Sensor Technical Characteristics Shelby Tanner First Edition - I TECH LIBRARY KAFB, NM NASA Reference Publication - 1087 1982 Handbook of Sensor Technical Characteristics Shelby Tanner Systematics General Corporation S ter Ling, Virgin ia National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Branch __ :.-__.__..._ --- . _. _ FOREWORD This document is a compendium of information on Space and Terrestrial Applications remote sensor systems.The sensorsystems presented in this book range from those experimental systems flown on early flights to those highly sophisticated sensors currently under development or planned for future missions. The sensor systems are presented in alphabetical order in the main section of this book. Each sheet identifies the remote sensor and includes information on its objectives, description, technical characteristics, data products obtained when appropriate, data archives location, period of operation, measurement parameters and potential derived parameters. Not all sensors have the same degree of information dependent upon the current state of development and the inability to obtain complete information for all sensors. Each sensor in this book has been indexed in each of the following indices: 1) Index of Remote Sensors by Status and Spacecraft, i.e., Flight, Future Flight, and Development. 2) Index of Remote Sensors by Alphabetical Order and Major Derived Parameters, e.g., atmospheric trace constituents, solar constant, and earth resources phenomena. 3) List of Remote Sensors by Instrument Type, e.g., radiometers, spectrometers, and radars. A list of spacecraft acronyms and a list of remote sensor acronyms are presented in the backof the book for reference purposes. The information presented in this book was compiled by the Systematics General Corporation, Sterling, Virginia,forthe Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications, NASA Headquarters, underthe direction of Mr. John Kiebler and Mr. Jules Lehmann. TABLE OF CONTENTS REMOTE SENSOR TITLE PAGE Active Cavity Radiometer (ACR) .............................................. .l Advanced Limb Scanner (ALS) .............................................. .3 Advanced Meteorological Temperature Sounder (AMTS) ............................. .7 Advanced Microwave Moisture Sensor (AMMS). ................................... 10, Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) ..................................... 11 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) ............................. .13 Advanced Vidicon Camera System (AVCS) ................................. 16,18,20 .. Altimeter(Alt).........................................................2 3 Atmosphere General Circulation Experiment (AGCE) .............................. .26 Atmospheric Trace Molecules Observed by Spectroscopy (ATMOS) ..................... .27 Atmospheric X-Ray imaging Spectrometer (AXIS) ................................ .29 Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (BUV). .................................... .31 Boundary Layer Lidar System (BLLS). ......................................... .34 Cloud Lidar System (CLS) ................................................ .35 Cloud Top Scanner (CTS) ................................................. .36 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) .......................................... .37 Coastal Zone Color Scanner/2 (CZCS/2) ....................................... ,40 Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer (CLAES) : ............................. .43 Cryogenic Limb Scanning Interferometer Radiometer (CLIR) ......................... .46 Cryogenic Upper Atmosphere Limb Emission Radiometer (CULER). .................... .48 Day/Night Camera System (DNCS). .......................................... .52 Differential Correlation Radiometer (DCR) ..................................... .54 Earth Radiation Budget (ERB). ............................................. .55 Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) .................................... .58 Earth Terrain Camera (ETC) ............................................... .62 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) ............................ 64.67 Feature Identification and Location Experiment (FILE). ............................ .69 Filter-Wedge Spectrometer (FWS). ........................................... .71 Flat Plate Radiometer (FPR). .............................................. .74 Fluxgate Magnetometer (FMAG) ............................................ .76 Four-Channel Infrared Radiometer. .......................................... .78 Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) ..................................... ,80 Heat Capacity Mapping Radiometer (HCMR) .................................... 83 High Energy Particle Spectrometer (HEPS). ..................................... 86 High Resolution Doppler lmager (HRDI). ...................................... 88 High Resolution Global Measurements of Atmospheric Ozone (GLIMPSE: Global Limb Photometric Scanning Experiment). ................... 91 High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRI R). ................................ 95.98 High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HI RS) ............................... 100 High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder-2 (HI RS-2). ............................ 103 Image Dissector Camera System (IDCS) ....................................... .106 Imaging Spectrometric Observatory (ISO) ...................................... 109 Improved Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder (ISAMS). .......................... 111 V - TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) REMOTE SENSOR TITLE PAGE Infrared Interferometer/Spectrometer (IRIS) ................................. I I 4,117 infrared Spectrometer (IR) ............................................... .I20 Infrared Temperature Profile Radiometer (ITPR) ................................ .I23 Ion Convection Electrodynamics (ICE) ....................................... .I27 Large Antenna Multifrequency Microwave Radiometer (LAMMR) ...................... 130 L-Band Radiometer (LBR) ............................................... .I32 LidarSystemforOHand03 .............................................. .I35 Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) ................................ I 37 Limb Radiance Inversion Radiometer (LRIR). ................................... 140 Low Resolution Non-Scanning Radiometer (LRNR) ............................... 142 Low Resolution Omnidirectional Radiometer (LROR) .............................. I 44 Magnetometer (MAG) ................................................... 146 Measurement of Air Pollution from Shuttle (MAPS). ............................... I 49 Medium Energy Particle Spectrometer (MEPS) ................................... 151 Medium Resolution Infrared Radiometer (M RI R) ................................. 153 Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) ............................................ 156 Microwave Pressure Sounder (MPS). .......................................... 159 Microwave Radiometer/Scatterometer and Altimeter (MRSA) ......................... 161 Monitor of Ultraviolet Solar Energy (MUSE) .................................... 164 Multispectral Cloud Radiometer (MCR). ....................................... 166 Multispectral Linear Array (MLA) ........................................... 167 Multispectral Photographic Facility (MPF). ..................................... 169 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) .............................................. .I72 Nighttime/Daytime Optical Survey of Lightning (NOSL) ............................ 175 Nimbus-E Microwave Spectrometer (NEMS/SCAMS) ............................... 177 Ocean Color Experiment (OCE) ............................................. 180 1.27 Micron Airglow Sensor ............................................... 182 Pressure Modulator Radiometer (PMR) . 183 Radar Altimeter (ALT). .............................................. 186,188 Return Beam Vidicon Camera System (RBVC) ................................... 190 Satellite Infrared Spectrometer (SIRS) ........................................ 193 Scalar Magnetometer ................................................... .196 Scanning Microwave Spectrometer (SCAMS) .................................... 198 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) ............................ .201 Scanning Radiometer (SR) ............................................ .205,208 Seasat-A Satellite Scatterometer (SASS) ...................................... .211 Selective Chopper Radiometer (SCR) ........................................ .213 Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR) .............................................. .216 Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A). .......................................... .220 Shuttle Multispectral Infrared Radiometer (SMIRR) ............................... 223 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) REMOTE SENSOR TITLE PAGE Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (SBUV) ............................... .225 Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS). ...................................... .227 Solar Constant Variations (SCV) ........................................... .230 Solar Ultraviolet Monitor (SUM) ........................................... .231 Solar Ultraviolet Spectral lrradiance Monitor (SUSIM) ............................. .232 Spin-Scan Cloud Cover Camera (SSCC) .................................... .:235,236 Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) ..............................