Holocaust, Genocide and the Law Spring 2006 Professor Michael Bazyler Whittier Law School Professor Stephen Feinstein University of Minnesota TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................1 1. Food For Thought....................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Death By Government - R.J. Rummel........................................................................................................ 2 3. The War Against The Jews - Lucy S. Dawidowicz.................................................................................... 5 4. The Destruction of The European Jews - Raul Hilberg.............................................................................. 6 5. Definition Of 'Genocide'............................................................................................................................. 8 6. Institute For The Study Of Genocide.......................................................................................................... 8 7. Modern Use and Misuse of Holocaust Terminology and Imagery........................................................... 10 a. PETA’s “Holocaust On Your Plate” Campaign................................................................................... 10 b. Holocaust comparisons resume ........................................................................................................... 14 c. After Peace: The First Palestinian-Israeli War..................................................................................... 14 d. Anit-Zionism and Anti-Semitism ........................................................................................................ 14 8. Convention On The Prevention And Punishment Of The Crime Of Genocide........................................ 15 9. Roots of the term “Holocaust”................................................................................................................. 19 10. Should We Call It A Massacre Or Genocide? - The Ombudsman (Boston Globe)................................ 21 11. Genocide in Sudan.................................................................................................................................. 23 12. UN to unveil anti-genocide plan............................................................................................................. 23 13. Secretary-General Observes International Day Of Reflection On 1994 Rwanda Genocide................... 24 14. Rummel on Kofi Annan’s Genocide Speech.......................................................................................... 29 15. U.S. Congress on The Cambodian Genocide ........................................................................................ 30 16. For the Worst of Us, the Diagnosis May Be 'Evil'.................................................................................. 32 17. Native Americans and Genocide ............................................................................................................ 37 18. Definition of "genocide" - Ukraine demands Genocide Recognition..................................................... 37 CHAPTER 2: LEGAL SYSTEM IN NAZI GERMANY: LEGAL BARBARISM ......41 1. Genocide and the Law - Omer Bartov...................................................................................................... 41 2. Lawful Barbarism - Professor Bazyler ..................................................................................................... 43 i 3. Lawful Barbarism – United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.......................................................... 51 4. Lawful Barbarism (Appendix 2) - Bazyler............................................................................................... 61 5. Harry Reicher - Forward 9-21-05............................................................................................................. 62 6. The Big Book of Jewish Humor ............................................................................................................... 64 7. Segregation laws in the United States as a model for Nazi race laws....................................................... 64 8. Historically, Laws Bend in Times of War, Rehnquist Says ..................................................................... 65 9. Legal Test Was Seen as Hurdle to Spying: Civil Rights vs. National Security...................................... 66 10. The Torture Memos: Civil Rights vs. National Security ....................................................................... 69 CHAPTER 3: PROSECUTION OF NAZI WAR CRIMINALS AFTER WWII ........76 A. Pre-Nuremberg Precedent........................................................................................................................ 76 1. Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 ................................................................................................................... 76 2. Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague IV); October 18, 1907.................................................... 77 3. Judgment in Case of Dithmar and Boldt; Hospital Ship: Llandovery Castle Case.............................. 79 B. Nuremberg Trial – Introduction and Documents .................................................................................... 84 1. How the Nazi Trials Helped Spawn Modern Justice ........................................................................... 84 2. Charter of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg .............................................................. 87 3. Justice Jackson's Report to the President on Atrocities and War Crimes; June 7, 1945 ...................... 90 4. Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East............................................................ 95 C. Court TV Nuremberg Overview .............................................................................................................. 96 1. The Creation of the Tribunal and the Law Behind It........................................................................... 96 2. Who's Who .......................................................................................................................................... 97 3. The Indictments ................................................................................................................................. 102 4. The Defendants.................................................................................................................................. 105 5. The Trial's Legacy ............................................................................................................................. 107 D. Lord Shawcross, Chief British Prosecutor at Nuremberg...................................................................... 109 1. Lord Shawcross Obituary - The Economist....................................................................................... 109 E. The Eichmann Trial in Israel.................................................................................................................. 111 1. The Nazi and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law of 1950........................................................... 111 2. Excerpts from Eichmann Trial........................................................................................................... 113 3. Eichmann Whereabouts Known in 1947 ........................................................................................... 120 4. Aug 13, 1999 - New Eichmann Notes Try to Explain ....................................................................... 121 F. West Germany & Unified Germany....................................................................................................... 123 1. Last effort to hunt down Nazis .......................................................................................................... 124 2. Nov 14, 2001 - Germany cancels pensions to 72 former Nazis......................................................... 126 3. Apr 22, 2001 - Nazi camp guard goes on trial................................................................................... 127 4. Apr 16, 2001 - Germany investigates former Nazi............................................................................ 128 5. Apr 3, 2001 - Ex-SS commander jailed for murder........................................................................... 129 G. France .................................................................................................................................................... 130 ii 1. Papon to have war crimes conviction reviewed................................................................................. 130 2. Mar 3, 2001 - Nazi Sentenced in Absentia for Sending Children to Die........................................... 131 H. Eastern Europe & USSR........................................................................................................................ 132 1. Feb 15, 2001 – Lithuanian, 93, Convicted of War-Crimes but Spared Jail ....................................... 132 I. Venezuela................................................................................................................................................ 133 1. May 1, 2001 - Venezuela shocked by allegations it harbors Nazi collaborators ............................... 133 J. Italy........................................................................................................................................................