Weed Society of Victoria Inc. PROCEEDINGS SECOND VICTORIAN WEED CONFERENCE Smart Weed Control, Managing for Success SPONSORED BY Department of Sustainability and Environment Blank page PROCEEDINGS SECOND VICTORIAN WEED CONFERENCE Smart Weed Control, Managing for Success 17–18 August 2005 All Seasons International Hotel, Bendigo Weed Society of Victoria Inc. PO Box 987, Frankston, Victoria 3199 Tel/fax 03 9576 2949 Email [email protected] Website www.wsvic.org.au CONTENTS SESSION 1 Early detection and response Weeds in botanic gardens Roger Spencer 1 Review of Victoria’s noxious weed list John Weiss, Trevor Hunt, Robert Edgar and Tereso Morfe 4 SESSION 2 Integrated weed management Integrated Weed Management on a National scale Rachel E. McFadyen 7 Integrating IWM into crop management plans Ken Young, Karl Schilg, Brad Bennett and Kristin Sutton 9 SESSION 3 Early detection and response (concurrent) Site management strategies for six National Environmental Alert List weed species in Victoria Michael Hansford 11 What is a weed? John Dwyer 14 Invasive garden plant display at the Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show 2005 Daniel Joubert 18 Nursery people aren’t all environmental pests Robert Chin 21 Sustainable garden centre project Mary Trigger 24 Olives – new industry or environmental threat Michael Laity and Ken Young 25 Aquatic weeds of national significance – coming to a waterway near you! Phil Moran, Andrew Petroeschevsky and Steve Wingrave 30 Operation rapid response – dealing with the potential incursion of branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa Linnaeus) into Victoria, Australia David A. McLaren, Kate Blood and Geoff Harvey 32 SESSION 4 Integrated weed management (concurrent) Chilean needle grass (Nassella neesiana) – integrated grazing for success Charles Grech, Aaron Dodd, David McLaren, David Chapman and Brian M. Sindel 35 Enviromark: a system for integrated weed management along roadsides Christine Corbett 36 Delivering strategic conservation outcomes through the integrated management of bitou bush, a Weed of National Significance Paul O. Downey and Hillary Cherry 41 Gorse task force Jeanette Bellchambers 46 Weed Warriors – engaging and empowering the community Megan McCarthy and Kate McArthur 48 Evidence based verses community driven Weed Action Plans Leigh Dennis 50 Understanding and managing weed effects on establishment of native tree seedlings in riparian zones Nigel Ainsworth and Fiona Ede 52 SESSION 5 Successful monitoring Monitoring weed eradication programs and evaluating performance F. Dane Panetta 55 Using geospatial technologies to map and monitor environmental weeds Jennifer Emeny, Anne Wallis and Dianne Simmons 56 The role of monitoring in weed management: a case study from the Victorian Alps Cathy Allan, Kelly Raymond and Lynise Wearne 63 SESSION 6 Getting technical Molecular genetic breeding to produce non-GM crops Jim Kollmorgen, Rebecca Ford, Mohan Singh and Paul Taylor 67 Verification of the factors affecting clodinafop efficacy T.S. Andrews, R.W. Medd, R. van de Ven, and D.I. Pickering 68 Ways to improve pesticide application in Australia through new sprayer technology and adoption of sprayer manufacturing and testing standards J.H. Combellack 69 SESSION 7 Successful monitoring (concurrent) Weed biological control impact assessment in Victoria: notes on current activities Tom Morley 79 Taking the wind out of willows: a national focus to willow management in Australia Sarah Holland Clift 83 Using community-based networks for the distribution of biological control agents for Paterson’s curse in Victoria Kerry L. Roberts and Raelene M. Kwong 87 Regional priority-setting for weed management on public land in Victoria Stephen Platt, Robin Adair, Matt White and Steve Sinclair 89 Machinery hygiene – what is on our vehicles? Michael Moerkerk 99 SESSION 8 Getting technical (concurrent) The National Serrated Tussock Survey – impacts and implications of its resistance to the herbicide flupropanate in Australia D.A. McLaren, S. Ramasamy, A.C. Lawrie, G. Pritchard and T.A. Morfe 102 Applying field-based information tools to weed management – an examination of field information issues in DPIS Landscape Protection Program Naomi Wilson 106 Robotic weeding in grain crops Malcolm Taylor 113 Weed spread prevention wash down trial Byron Crowe 115 Himalayan honeysuckle control at Mt Buffalo Darin Lynch 117 POSTER SUMMARIES An insecticidal exclusion method for studying biological control impacts on ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.) and Paterson’s curse (Echium plantagineum L.) Thomas B. Morley and Julio C. Bonilla 119 Establishment and dispersal of dock moth Pyropteron doryliformis (Ochsenheimer) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Victoria Thomas B. Morley, Steven Faulkner and Ian G. Faithfull 119 Gallery 750DF Herbicide tankmixes are safe to trees and vines with effective residual weed control Gregory S. Wells, Gregg Baynon, Nicholas Koch and Peter Nott 120 Spraytopping as a management tool to reduce seed production in Chilean needle grass infestations Shiv Gaur, David McLaren and Kym Butler 121 Ecology of the invasive weed Salvia verbenaca (wild sage) in the rangelands of western New South Wales Robyn Fisher, Martin Westbrooke and Singrayer Florentine 125 Flupropanate resistance in serrated tussock (Nassella trichotoma) in Victoria S. Noble, G. Pritchard, S.G. Casonato, A.C. Lawrie and D.A. McLaren 125 SESSION 1 Early detection and response be harnessed for commerce and garden decoration. Weeds in botanic gardens Now How dramatically, profoundly and per- Roger Spencer, Royal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium, manently our perception of these former Birdwood Terrace, South Yarra, Victoria 3141 times has changed. In those days gardens, both public and private, were seen as rela- tively small and insignificant sanctuar- ies in an almost infinite world ruled by the prodigious and unpredictable forces ‘Wonder and India, magic and China’ being returned from distant lands. In the of nature. Now, in a desperately short Dylan Thomas late sixteenth and early seventeenth cen- space of time, the sad reality is that over turies the plants came from Eastern Eu- much of the globe this situation has com- Abstract Botanical gardens must play rope and nearby Asia. Gardens competed pletely reversed with nature strongly in their part in the global attempt to reduce with one-another to have the most excit- retreat under the human invasion. Large the impacts of invasive plants. The chal- ing collections and in the late seventeenth areas of encroaching cultivated land sur- lenge is to minimise the importation, century the Jardin des Plantes in Paris was round small patches of former wilderness. cultivation and promotion of known or leading other European gardens with its Distant reaches of the globe are a short potential weeds. An Australian Botanic diversity of collections, notably the new flight away in a jet airliner. Gardens Weed Network (ABGWN) has introductions from Canada. In the eight- The recent Millennium Ecosystem As- been formed to combine information and eenth century novelties came from the sessment 22 paints the broad picture: expertise in the formulation of a united Cape of South Africa and the East Indies ‘The structure of the world’s ecosys- approach to weed policy and weed man- and plants from warm climates initiated tems has changed more rapidly in the agement. The ABGWN is also working a boom in glasshouse collections. Here we second half of the twentieth century with the Cooperative Research Centre for have, presumably, the first stirring of glo- than at any time in recorded history, Australian Weed Management to produce balisation – the opening up of the world and virtually all the Earth’s ecosystems a weed risk assessment procedure that can to Europe. Scientific endeavour was stim- have now been significantly trans- be used by Australian botanic gardens. ulated by the myriad newly discovered formed through human actions. The paper outlines the context of botanic organisms brought triumphantly home Over the past few hundred years, gardens in relation to weeds, the tension for description and classification. Botanic humans have increased the species ex- between botanic garden and environmen- gardens began to display systems gardens tinction rate by as much as 1000 times tal values, and current progress of the AB- or ‘order beds’ demonstrating the new background rates typical over the plan- GWN. plant classification schemes of the day. et’s history (medium certainty).’ But the demands of economic botany and Botanic gardens not only display the plant Then ornamental horticulture were not to be world in all its glory but also, consciously The role of Botanic gardens has changed distracted as, during the late eighteenth or not, help mould the public perception of over the years according to the demands and early nineteenth century, the influx what plants mean. The current dire state of and interests of the day. of plant treasures continued. Collection the biosphere is not a sexy message to sell Botanic gardens are generally assumed sources included Western North America, – but it is a story that must be told never- to have originated in the sixteenth century South America, the Himalayas, China, theless, for the sake of future generations. with the Italian gardens of Pisa (est. 1543 East Asia and, of course, the tropics and We can both enjoy and protect plants and but site moved) and Padua (est. 1545) still Oceania, especially Australia, Tasmania that must be part of the botanic gardens in existence. These gardens