HISTORY OF ILLUSTRATION Susan Doyle Editor Rhode Island School of Design Jaleen Grove Associate Editor Washington University Whitney Sherman Associate Editor Maryland Institute College of Art Fairchild Books An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing NEW YORK • LONDON • OXFORD • NEW DELHI • SYDNEY 9781628927535_txt_app_00.indd 3 8/11/17 8:30 AM Fairchild Books An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Inc 1385 Broadway 50 Bedford Square New York London NY 10018 WC1B 3DP USA UK www.bloomsbury.com FAIRCHILD BOOKS, BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trade- marks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Tis edition published 2018 © Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury Publishing Inc or the author. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Doyle, Susan, 1959– editor. | Grove, Jaleen (S. Jaleen), editor. | Sherman, Whitney, editor. Title: Te history of illustration / Susan Doyle, Jaleen Grove, Whitney Sherman. Description: New York : Fairchild Books, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifers: LCCN 2017001277 | ISBN 9781628927535 (hardback) Subjects: LCSH: Graphic arts—History. | Art and society—History. | BISAC: DESIGN/Graphic Arts/Illustration. | ART/History/General. Classifcation: LCC NC998 .H46 2017 | DDC 740—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017001277 ISBN: HBK: 978-1-6289-2753-5 ePDF: 978-1-6289-2754-2 Typeset by Lachina Printed and bound in the United States of America To fnd out more about our authors and books visit www.bloomsbury.com. Here you will fnd extracts, author interviews, details of forthcoming events and the option to sign up for our newsletters. 9781628927535_txt_app_00.indd 4 8/11/17 8:30 AM Brief contents I. II. xiv Preface Illustrative Traditions Images as xv Acknowledgments from Around Knowledge, xvii Introduction the World Ideas as Power xx Timeline 01 CHAPTER ONE 138 CHAPTER NINE Image and Meaning, Observation and Prehistory–1500 CE Representation: Natural by Robert Brinkerhoff and Science Illustration, Margot McIlwain Nishimura 1450–1900 by Shelley Wall and David M. Mazierski 17 CHAPTER TWO Illustration in Early European 154 CHAPTER TEN Printed Matter, 1400–1660 Visualizing Bodies: by Susan Doyle Anatomical and Medical 37 CHAPTER THREE Illustration from the A Pluralistic View of Indian Renaissance to the Images: Second Century Nineteenth Century, BCE–1990s 1420–1860 by Binita Desai and Nina Sabnani by Shelley Wall 54 CHAPTER FOUR 170 CHAPTER ELEVEN Illustrative Traditions in the Dangerous Pictures: Social Commentary in Europe, Muslim. Context, 1200–1900 by Irvin Cemil Schick 1720–1860 by R.W. Lovejoy 71 CHAPTER FIVE Chinese Illustration, 184 CHAPTER TWELVE 100 CE–1900 From Reason to Romanticism by Sonja Kelley and Frances Wood in European Print, 1619–1820 by Hope Saska, with 85 CHAPTER SIX contributions by Susan Doyle Prints and Books in Japan’s Floating World, 1600–1900 by Daphne Lange Rosenzweig with contributions by Susan Doyle 103 CHAPTER SEVEN Illustration in Latin America, Pre-Columbian Era–1950 by Maya Stanfield-Mazzi with contributions by R.W. Lovejoy 120 CHAPTER EIGHT Illustration in the African Context, Prehistory–Early 2000s by Bolaji Campbell 9781628927535_txt_app_00.indd 5 8/11/17 11:45 AM vi Brief Contents III. IV. V. The Advent of Diverging Paths in The Evolution of Mass Media Twentieth Century Illustration in an American and Electronic Age European Illustration 198 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 284 CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 396 CHAPTER TWENTY FOUR Illustration on British and American Narratives: The Shifting Postwar North American Printed Periodical Illustration, Marketplace: Illustration Ephemera, 1800–1910 1840–1930 in the United States and by Graham Hudson by Mary F. Holahan with contributions Canada, 1940–1970 by Alice Carter, Jaleen Grove, Page Knox, by Stephanie Haboush Plunkett with 215 CHAPTER FOURTEEN and Joyce K. Schiller contributions by Jaleen Grove Illustration in Graphic Journalism and Magazine 308 CHAPTER NINETEEN 413 CHAPTER TWENTY FIVE Fiction in Europe and North Avant-Garde Illustration, Children’s Book Illustration, 1900–1950 1920–2000 America, 1830–1900 by Jaleen Grove by Brian M. Kane and Page Knox by H. Nichols B. Clark with contributions by Whitney Sherman 322 CHAPTER TWENTY 232 CHAPTER FIFTEEN Beautifying Books and Diverse American Illustration 431 CHAPTER TWENTY SIX Popularizing Posters in Trends, 1915–1940 Countercultures: by Roger Reed, with contributions Underground Comix, Rock Europe and America, by Jaleen Grove 1855–1910 Posters, and Protest Art, by Susan Ashbrook and Alison Syme 338 CHAPTER TWENTY ONE 1960–1990 Wartime Imagery and by R.W. Lovejoy 248 CHAPTER SIXTEEN Propaganda, 1890–1950 450 CHAPTER TWENTY SEVEN British Fantasy and by Thomas La Padula Children’s Book Illustration, Print Illustration in the Postmodern World, 1650–1920 358 CHAPTER TWENTY TWO by Alice A. Carter Alternate Realities in Pulps 1970–Early 2000s and Popular Fiction, by Whitney Sherman 266 CHAPTER SEVENTEEN 1490–Early 2000s Six Centuries of Fashion 464 CHAPTER TWENTY EIGHT by Nicholas Egon Jainschigg, with Medical Illustration after Illustration, 1540–Early 2000s contributions by R.W. Lovejoy by Pamela Parmal Gray’s Anatomy : 376 CHAPTER TWENTY THREE 1859–Early 2000s Overview of Comics and by David M. Mazierski Graphic Narratives, 484 CHAPTER TWENTY NINE 1830–2012 by Brian M. Kane, with contributions by Digital Forms Loren Goodman and Michelle Nolan, et al. by Nanette Hoogslag and Whitney Sherman with contributions by Brian M. Kane 501 About the Contributors 508 Bibliography 527 Glossary 542 Index 9781628927535_txt_app_00.indd 6 8/11/17 8:31 AM Contents xiv Preface CHAPTER TWO 48 Theme Box 8: Nationalism by xv Acknowledgments Illustration in Early European Jaleen Grove xvii Introduction Printed Matter, 1400–1660 49 Further Impact of Printing in India xx Timeline by Susan Doyle 50 Battala Print 50 Raja Ravi Varma 18 Printmaking: A Democratizing Cultural Phenomenon 51 Beyond Independence: Images for a New Identity 18 Xylography: Woodcuts and Relief Printing Processes 51 Modern Design Schools and Forms 18 Theme Box 4: Xylography by Susan 52 Graphic Satire, Comic Strips, and Doyle Comic Books 19 Early Printed Books: The Transition 53 Conclusion from Scribal Copying I. Illustrative 19 Incunabula CHAPTER FOUR Traditions from 20 Gutenberg and the Invention of Illustrative Traditions in the Movable Type Muslim Context, 1200–1900 CE Around the World · 21 The Nuremberg Chronicle by Irvin Cemil Schick 22 Theme Box 5: Gutenberg and Movable CHAPTER ONE Type by Susan Doyle 55 Islam and the Prohibition of Images Image and Meaning, 23 Incunabula Illustration in Southern 55 Ruling States Referred to in Chapter 4 Prehistory–1500 CE Europe 56 Technical Aspects and Patronage by Robert Brinkerhoff and 25 Artistic Publishing 56 Theme Box 9: The Taxonomy and. Margot McIlwain Nishimura 26 Broadsides and Popular Printing Legitimation of the Hadith by Irvin Cemil Schick 2 What Is Illustration? 27 Intaglio Processes 58 Naturalism versus Abstraction 2 Pictorial Narrative in Upper 27 Engraving in Northern Europe 58 Representing the Unrepresentable Paleolithic Art 28 Theme Box 6: Intaglio Printing by 60 Ornamentation versus Illustration 3 Ritual in the Book of the Dead Susan Doyle 61 Subject Matter in Illustrated Books 4 Theme Box 1: Giving Illustrators a 30 Early Southern European Engravers Voice by D. B. Dowd 31 The Reproductive Engraver and the 61 Landscapes as Compositional Elements 6 Metaphor in the Tomb of the Diver Expansion of the Print Trade 62 Legitimating the Ruling Monarch 6 Archetypes in the Villa of the 32 Rubens Mysteries 33 Etching and Further Developments in 65 Animals as Subjects 7 Propaganda in the Bayeux Tapestry Printmaking 65 Knowledge Illustrated 8 Theme Box 2: Plato: Allegory of the 34 Theme Box 7: Saussure and Peirce: 68 A Broadening of the Illustration Cave by Sheena Calvert Semiotics by Sheena Calvert Market . 9 Dogma in the Last Judgment 35 Images, Protections, and Defining 69 Theme Box 10: Orientalism by Irvin Tympanum the Meaning of “Original” Cemil Schick 9 Illuminated Manuscripts 36 Conclusion 69 The Advent of Lithographic Printing 10 The Craft of a Manuscript 70 Conclusion 11 Common Formal Attributes CHAPTER THREE of Manuscripts A Pluralistic View of Indian CHAPTER FIVE 12 Historiated Initials Images: Second Century Chinese Illustration, 12 The Shift to Urban and Secular BCE–1990s 100 CE–1900 Manuscript Production by Binita Desai and Nina Sabnani by Sonja Kelley and Frances Wood 13 Theme Box 3: Word and Image by Jaleen Grove 39 Voice and Image 72 Narrative versus Mimetic Images 15 Conclusion 40 Story Scrolls 72 Relief Illustrations and Wall Paintings 42 Puppets and Portable Shrines 72 Dynasties Referred to in Chapter 5 43 Image and Text 72 Devotional Buddhist Cave Paintings 44 The Content of Manuscripts 74 Painted Scrolls 45 Mughal Influence and Courtly 76 Text and Illustration Production 76 The Earliest Illustrated Books and 46 Colonialism and Objectification Printed Images 47 The East India Company 77 Illustration and the Growing Book Trade 78 Religious Texts 9781628927535_txt_app_00.indd 7 8/11/17 11:46 AM viii Contents 78 Secular