Rwanda The Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN) Biodiversity Expenditure Review FINAL REPORT Prepared by Christina Van Winkle November 16, 2017 Biodiversity Expenditure Review Acknowledgements This Biodiversity Expenditure Review is the second in a series of reports, policy briefs and other documents being prepared under the auspices of the Rwanda Biodiversity Finance Initiative – BIOFIN - project. This review was made possible by valuable contributions from a number of government and non-government institutions involved in biodiversity protection in Rwanda. Identifying expenditures with biodiversity protection and conservation is a challenging task and required the input and guidance from a number of government agencies. REMA’s support in shaping this report and engaging other institutions was a crucial component to the success of this project. Laetitia Busoke, Alphonsine Ntabana, and Sylvia Kawera offered expert guidance and support in ensuring this report provided a comprehensive review of expenditures and trends over time. MINECOFIN proved instrumental to this project by providing detailed national budget and expenditure data for the years and budget agencies included in this review. A special thanks is warranted to the non-governmental institutions, bilateral donor partners, and private sector institutions for voluntarily providing data on projects and biodiversity-related expenditures in Rwanda, notably ARCOS, DFGFI WCS, MCVP, BIOCOOP, USAID, GIZ and the Akagera Management Company. It is hoped that these findings will enable Rwanda to understand historic trends in biodiversity expenditures, the composition of these expenditures and how biodiversity-related spending is anticipated to change in the future. These results will support Rwanda in developing a financial needs assessment to understand the cost implications of achieving the biodiversity targets identified in Rwanda’s NBSAP. (i) Biodiversity Expenditure Review Table of Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. i List of Acronyms ..................................................................................................................... iv Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ v 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objective ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Past Expenditures: A literature review ....................................................................... 2 1.4 Organization of tHe Report .............................................................................................. 3 2. Public Institutional Profile .......................................................................................... 4 3. Macroeconomic Profile ................................................................................................. 7 4. MetHodology ..................................................................................................................... 9 4.1 Defining tHe Parameters .................................................................................................. 9 4.2 Classifying Biodiversity-related Expenditures ....................................................... 12 4.3 MetHodology: Government of Rwanda as Implementing Entity ....................... 13 4.4 MetHodology: Non-Government of Rwanda Implementing Entities ............... 16 5. Biodiversity Spending: Government of Rwanda ............................................... 18 5.1 Ministry of Natural Resources (MINIRENA) ............................................................. 18 5.2 Rwanda Environmental Management AutHority (REMA) ................................... 30 5.3 Rwanda Natural Resource AutHority (RNRA) ......................................................... 44 5.3.1 Forest and Nature Conservation (RNRA, RWFA) ........................................................... 47 5.3.2 Integrated Water Resources Management (RNRA, RWFA) ....................................... 52 5.3.3 Land Administration and Land Use Management (RNRA, RLMA) .......................... 55 5.3.4 Mines, Petroleum, and Gas (RNRA, RMPGB) .................................................................... 56 5.3.5 Combined RNRA Department Budgets ............................................................................... 57 5.4 Rwanda Development Board (RDB) ........................................................................... 58 5.5 Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI) ................................ 64 5.6 Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) ............................................................................... 74 5.7 OtHer Agencies ................................................................................................................... 80 5.7.1 National Industrial Research and Development Agency (NIRDA) ......................... 80 5.7.2 University of Rwanda ................................................................................................................. 81 5.8 Total Government of Rwanda Expenditure Summary ......................................... 81 6. Future Biodiversity Expenditure Projections for tHe Government of Rwanda 84 7. Biodiversity Spending: Non-Government of Rwanda ...................................... 87 7.1 Bilateral ODA ...................................................................................................................... 87 7.1.1 United Kingdom ............................................................................................................................ 88 7.1.2 Sweden .............................................................................................................................................. 89 7.1.3 Belgium and Netherlands ......................................................................................................... 89 7.1.4 United States of America ........................................................................................................... 90 7.1.5 Germany ........................................................................................................................................... 91 7.2 Multilateral ODA ............................................................................................................... 92 (ii) Biodiversity Expenditure Review 7.2.1 GEF ...................................................................................................................................................... 92 7.3 Non-Governmental Organizations .............................................................................. 95 7.4 Private Sector ..................................................................................................................... 97 7.4.1 Akagera Management Company ............................................................................................ 98 8. Total Biodiversity Expenditure ............................................................................... 99 8.1 Summary of Total Biodiversity Expenditures ......................................................... 99 8.2 Summary of Biodiversity Expenditures by BIOFIN Category .......................... 100 9. Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 102 List of Annexes ..................................................................................................................... 104 References ............................................................................................................................ 105 (iii) Biodiversity Expenditure Review List of Acronyms ABS Access and Benefits Sharing ARCOS Albertine Rift Conservation Society BAU Business as Usual BFP Budget Framework Paper BIOFIN Biodiversity Finance Initiative BMUB German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (German acronym) CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CoEB Center of Excellence in Biodiversity and Natural Resource Management CRS Creditor Reporting System DFID Department for International Development (U.K.) DFGFI Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International EDPRS Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy FONERWA Rwanda’s Green Fund for the Environment and Climate Change GEF Global Environment Facility GoR Government of Rwanda IKI International Climate Initiative (German acronym) MGVP Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project MINAGRI Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources MINECOFIN Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning MINIRENA Ministry of Natural Resources MTEF Medium Term Expenditure Framework NAEB National Agriculture Export Board NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NIRDA National Industrial Research and Development Agency NGO Non-governmental organization ODA Official Development Assistance OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PEER Public Environmental Expenditure Review PIR Finance Policy and Institutional Review (BIOFIN) PSF Private Sector Federation RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board RDB Rwanda Development Board REMA Rwanda