“Inconceivable Lads: Samuel” Screen 1 1 Samuel 1 - 2:11 Screen 2 December 4, 2016 Author: Unknown - Samuel could have wri4en some of it (see 1 Chronicles Screen 3 29:29-30), but his death is recorded in 1 Samuel 25 [31 total chapters in 1 Samuel; 24 in 2 Samuel]. Samuel was born approximately 1080 B.C. He was a priest and a judge. Date: ALer 970 B.C. - David’s last words are recorded in 2 Samuel 23:1. He passed away approximately 970 B.C. not on screen - A Qme of great transiQon for Israel - from Judges to Kings. The Jews had been in Canaan for approximately 400 years. Central Theme: The central theme of the books of Samuel is God’s exercising of his cosmic kingship by inauguraQng a Davidic dynasty (“house”) in Israel and by designaQng the holy city Jerusalem as the locaQon for the temple. Purpose: The purpose of 1 Samuel is to highlight two major events: the establishment of the monarchy (chapters 8-12); and second, the preparaQon of David to become king aLer Saul (chapters 16-31). Chapters 13-15 speak of Saul’s becoming king and then being rejected by God as King. Screen 4 1 Samuel Key Themes: (1) God’s kingship - not on screen - no human king can assume kingship except as a deputy of the divine King. According to Genesis all human beings are created as royal figures in the image of God, so we will rule in his power and for his glory. Vastly different from rulers of Rome. !1 (2) God's providenQal guidance - God chose Hannah, Saul, Samuel and David to be who they were. (3) God’s sovereign will and power - especially seen in Hannah’s song (chapter 2). PRAY 1 Samuel 1:1 There was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim of the hill country of Screen 5 ephraim whose name was elkanah the son of Jeroham, son of elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, an ephrathite. In the MasoreQc Text the beginning of the descripQon of Samuel’s father, elkanah, is idenQcal to that of Samson’s father, Manoah, in: Judges 13:2 There was a certain man of Zorah, of the tribe of the Danites, Screen 6 whose name was Manoah. And his wife was barren and had no children. (WOAH! Perhaps this series will include Samson in this group going forward?) “ephraim” - is believed to be idenQfied with the New Testament Arimathea Screen 7 (MaOhew 27:57; John 19:38). Samuel’s genealogy is also found in 1 Chronicles 6:26-35. Map Here ➜➜➜ Screen 8 “elkanah” - popular name among the Israelites, shared by at least five different Bible characters. The name means “God has created a son” (let’s let that sink in for a moment). 1 Samuel 1:2 He had two wives. The name of the one was Hannah, and the name Screen 9 of the other, Peninnah. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children. !2 elkanah must have been a man of some means because he is the only commoner in the books of Samuel and Kings having more than one wife. So, we have a wealthy man from Arimathea - sound familiar? Originally, monogamy was God’s intenQon (Garden of eden). While polygamy is never explicitly condemned in Scripture, it’s complicaQons and unsavory results are everywhere apparent (in Scripture). “Hannah” - means “grace” (Abby’s middle name is Ann, the Greek form of Hannah - Screen 10 Hebrew). “Peninnah” - means “ruby”. “Hannah had no children” - seen also in Sarah unQl Isaac, Rachel unQl Joseph and Benjamin, Manoah unQl Samson ➜ In New Testament Elizabeth unQl John the BapQst [Mary unl Jesus]. Screen 11 1 Samuel 1:3 Now this man used to go up year by year from his city to worship and to sacrifice to the Lord of hosts at Shiloh, where the two sons of eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests of the Lord. “Lord of hosts” - First Qme Bible ever calls God by this Qtle. It is a thoroughly royal Screen 12 term. even means the lord of armies (1 Samuel 17:45); celesQal bodies (Deuteronomy 4:19); heavenly creatures (John 5:14); he who is sovereign over all the powers (“hosts”) in heaven and on earth, especially over the armies of Israel”. Three Qmes a year all Screen 13 Israelite men were required to be at the central or most important sanctuary to offer sacrifices in observance of the main religious fesQvals. Exodus 34:23 Three Qmes in the year shall all your males appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel. !3 Shiloh was the locaQon of the tabernacle at this Qme - located 16 miles east of Ramah. “Hophni” and “Phinehas” - egypQan names of eli’s reprobate sons. This feast is probably the Feast of Tabernacles celebrated in the Fall. 1 Samuel 1:4-5 4 On the day when elkanah sacrificed, he would give porQons to Screen 14 Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and daughters. 5 But to Hannah he gave a double porQon, because he loved her, though the Lord had closed her womb. Families would share in certain sacrificial offerings brought to the Lord (see Deuteronomy 12:17-18; 16:13-14). 1 Samuel 1:6-7 6 And her rival used to provoke her grievously to irritate her, Screen 15 because the Lord had closed her womb. 7 So it went on year by year. As oLen as she went up to the house of the Lord, she used to provoke her. Therefore Hannah wept and would not eat. evidently the provocaQon occurred especially at the fesQvals. 1 Samuel 1:8 And Elkanah, her husband, said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep? Screen 16 And why do you not eat? And why is your heart sad? Am I not more to you than ten sons?” elkanah literally asks, “Why is your heart bad?” This quesQon is directly quoted from: Deuteronomy 15:10 You shall give to him freely, and your heart shall not be Screen 17 grudging when you give to him, because for this the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake. Hannah became resenqul that God did not give her a child, but did give children to Peninnah. !4 “Ten sons” - completeness, like the Ten Commandments. You ever been there? Disappointed with life and God? (Many use this as an excuse to not go to church - Hannah went anyway.) 1 Samuel 1:9 ALer they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh, Hannah rose. Now eli the Screen 18 priest was sing on the seat beside the doorpost of the temple of the Lord. She worshipped anyway (Hannah did!) 1 Samuel 1:10 She was deeply distressed and prayed to the Lord and wept bi4erly. Hannah’s grief and suffering drew her closer to the Lord God. She worshipped and she prayed intensely. 1 Samuel 1:11 And she vowed a vow and said, “O Lord of hosts, if you will indeed Screen 19 look on the afflicQon of your servant and remember me and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a son, then I will give him to the Lord all the days of his life, and no razor shall touch his head.” Numbers 6:1-8 (Nazirite Vow) And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak Screen 20 to the people of Israel and say to them, When either a man or a woman makes a special vow, the vow of a Nazirite, to separate himself to the Lord, 3 he shall Screen 21 separate himself from wine and strong drink. He shall drink no vinegar made from wine or strong drink and shall not drink any juice of grapes or eat grapes, fresh or dried. 4 All the days of his separaQon he shall eat nothing that is produced by the Screen 22 grapevine, not even the seeds or the skins. 5 “All the days of his vow of separaQon, no razor shall touch his head. UnQl the Qme is completed for which he separates himself to the Lord, he shall be holy. He shall let the locks of hair of his head grow !5 long.6 “All the days that he separates himself to the Lord he shall not go near a Screen 23 dead body. 7 Not even for his father or for his mother, for brother or sister, if they die, shall he make himself unclean, because his separaQon to God is on his head. 8 All the days of his separaQon he is holy to the Lord. Nazirite means “consecrated” or “separated” [Samuel had Samson hair - ha! ha!) Only Samuel, Samson and John the BapQst were lifelong Hazirites menQoned in Scripture. 1 Samuel 1:12 As she conQnued praying before the Lord, eli observed her mouth. Screen 24 Almost always prayer was out loud. (Psalm 3:4; 4:1; 6:9) Drunkenness was not all that uncommon at FesQvals. 1 Samuel 1:13-15 13 Hannah was speaking in her heart; only her lips moved, and Screen 25 her voice was not heard. Therefore eli took her to be a drunken woman. 14 And eli said to her, “How long will you go on being drunk? Put your wine away from you.” 15 But Screen 26 Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the Lord. She’s been pouring out her soul before the Lord rather than pouring herself alcoholic drinks.