“Inconceivable Lads: Samuel” Screen 1 1 Samuel 1 - 2:11 Screen 2 December 4, 2016

Author: Unknown - Samuel could have wrien some of it (see 1 Chronicles Screen 3 29:29-30), but his death is recorded in 1 Samuel 25 [31 total chapters in 1 Samuel; 24 in 2 Samuel]. Samuel was born approximately 1080 B.C. He was a priest and a judge.

Date: Aer 970 B.C. - David’s last words are recorded in 2 Samuel 23:1. He passed away approximately 970 B.C. not on screen - A me of great transion for Israel - from Judges to Kings. The Jews had been in Canaan for approximately 400 years.

Central Theme: The central theme of the books of Samuel is God’s exercising of his cosmic kingship by inaugurang a Davidic dynasty (“house”) in Israel and by designang the holy city Jerusalem as the locaon for the temple.

Purpose: The purpose of 1 Samuel is to highlight two major events: the establishment of the monarchy (chapters 8-12); and second, the preparaon of David to become king aer Saul (chapters 16-31). Chapters 13-15 speak of Saul’s becoming king and then being rejected by God as King.

Screen 4 1 Samuel Key Themes:

(1) God’s kingship - not on screen - no human king can assume kingship except as a deputy of the divine King. According to Genesis all human beings are created as royal figures in the image of God, so we will rule in his power and for his glory. Vastly different from rulers of Rome.

1 (2) God's providenal guidance - God chose Hannah, Saul, Samuel and David to be who they were.

(3) God’s sovereign will and power - especially seen in Hannah’s song (chapter 2).

PRAY

1 Samuel 1:1 There was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim of the hill country of Screen 5 Ephraim whose name was Elkanah the son of Jeroham, son of Elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, an Ephrathite.

In the Masorec Text the beginning of the descripon of Samuel’s father, Elkanah, is idencal to that of Samson’s father, Manoah, in:

Judges 13:2 There was a certain man of Zorah, of the tribe of the Danites, Screen 6 whose name was Manoah. And his wife was barren and had no children.

(WOAH! Perhaps this series will include Samson in this group going forward?)

“Ephraim” - is believed to be idenfied with the New Testament Arimathea Screen 7 (Mahew 27:57; John 19:38). Samuel’s genealogy is also found in 1 Chronicles 6:26-35.

Map Here ➜➜➜ Screen 8

“Elkanah” - popular name among the Israelites, shared by at least five different Bible characters. The name means “God has created a son” (let’s let that sink in for a moment).

1 Samuel 1:2 He had two wives. The name of the one was Hannah, and the name Screen 9 of the other, Peninnah. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

2 Elkanah must have been a man of some means because he is the only commoner in the books of Samuel and Kings having more than one wife. So, we have a wealthy man from Arimathea - sound familiar? Originally, monogamy was God’s intenon (Garden of Eden). While polygamy is never explicitly condemned in Scripture, it’s complicaons and unsavory results are everywhere apparent (in Scripture).

“Hannah” - means “grace” (Abby’s middle name is Ann, the Greek form of Hannah - Screen 10 Hebrew).

“Peninnah” - means “ruby”.

“Hannah had no children” - seen also in Sarah unl Isaac, Rachel unl Joseph and Benjamin, Manoah unl Samson ➜ In New Testament Elizabeth unl John the Bapst [Mary unl Jesus].

Screen 11 1 Samuel 1:3 Now this man used to go up year by year from his city to worship and to sacrifice to the Lord of hosts at Shiloh, where the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests of the Lord.

“Lord of hosts” - First me Bible ever calls God by this tle. It is a thoroughly royal Screen 12 term. Even means the lord of armies (1 Samuel 17:45); celesal bodies (Deuteronomy 4:19); heavenly creatures (John 5:14); he who is sovereign over all the powers (“hosts”) in heaven and on earth, especially over the armies of Israel”. Three mes a year all Screen 13 Israelite men were required to be at the central or most important sanctuary to offer sacrifices in observance of the main religious fesvals.

Exodus 34:23 Three mes in the year shall all your males appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.

3 Shiloh was the locaon of the tabernacle at this me - located 16 miles east of Ramah.

“Hophni” and “Phinehas” - Egypan names of Eli’s reprobate sons. This feast is probably the Feast of Tabernacles celebrated in the Fall.

1 Samuel 1:4-5 4 On the day when Elkanah sacrificed, he would give porons to Screen 14 Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and daughters. 5 But to Hannah he gave a double poron, because he loved her, though the Lord had closed her womb.

Families would share in certain sacrificial offerings brought to the Lord (see Deuteronomy 12:17-18; 16:13-14).

1 Samuel 1:6-7 6 And her rival used to provoke her grievously to irritate her, Screen 15 because the Lord had closed her womb. 7 So it went on year by year. As oen as she went up to the house of the Lord, she used to provoke her. Therefore Hannah wept and would not eat.

Evidently the provocaon occurred especially at the fesvals.

1 Samuel 1:8 And Elkanah, her husband, said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep? Screen 16 And why do you not eat? And why is your heart sad? Am I not more to you than ten sons?”

Elkanah literally asks, “Why is your heart bad?” This queson is directly quoted from:

Deuteronomy 15:10 You shall give to him freely, and your heart shall not be Screen 17 grudging when you give to him, because for this the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake.

Hannah became resenul that God did not give her a child, but did give children to Peninnah.

4 “Ten sons” - completeness, like the Ten Commandments.

You ever been there? Disappointed with life and God? (Many use this as an excuse to not go to church - Hannah went anyway.)

1 Samuel 1:9 Aer they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh, Hannah rose. Now Eli the Screen 18 priest was sing on the seat beside the doorpost of the temple of the Lord.

She worshipped anyway (Hannah did!)

1 Samuel 1:10 She was deeply distressed and prayed to the Lord and wept bierly.

Hannah’s grief and suffering drew her closer to the Lord God. She worshipped and she prayed intensely.

1 Samuel 1:11 And she vowed a vow and said, “O Lord of hosts, if you will indeed Screen 19 look on the afflicon of your servant and remember me and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a son, then I will give him to the Lord all the days of his life, and no razor shall touch his head.”

Numbers 6:1-8 (Nazirite Vow) And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak Screen 20 to the people of Israel and say to them, When either a man or a woman makes a special vow, the vow of a Nazirite, to separate himself to the Lord, 3 he shall Screen 21 separate himself from wine and strong drink. He shall drink no vinegar made from wine or strong drink and shall not drink any juice of grapes or eat grapes, fresh or dried. 4 All the days of his separaon he shall eat nothing that is produced by the Screen 22 grapevine, not even the seeds or the skins. 5 “All the days of his vow of separaon, no razor shall touch his head. Unl the me is completed for which he separates himself to the Lord, he shall be holy. He shall let the locks of hair of his head grow

5 long.6 “All the days that he separates himself to the Lord he shall not go near a Screen 23 dead body. 7 Not even for his father or for his mother, for brother or sister, if they die, shall he make himself unclean, because his separaon to God is on his head. 8 All the days of his separaon he is holy to the Lord.

Nazirite means “consecrated” or “separated” [Samuel had Samson hair - ha! ha!) Only Samuel, Samson and John the Bapst were lifelong Hazirites menoned in Scripture.

1 Samuel 1:12 As she connued praying before the Lord, Eli observed her mouth. Screen 24

Almost always prayer was out loud. (Psalm 3:4; 4:1; 6:9) Drunkenness was not all that uncommon at Fesvals.

1 Samuel 1:13-15 13 Hannah was speaking in her heart; only her lips moved, and Screen 25 her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli took her to be a drunken woman. 14 And Eli said to her, “How long will you go on being drunk? Put your wine away from you.” 15 But Screen 26 Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the Lord.

She’s been pouring out her soul before the Lord rather than pouring herself alcoholic drinks.

1 Samuel 1:16-18 16 Do not regard your servant as a worthless woman, for all Screen 27 along I have been speaking out of my great anxiety and vexaon.” 17 Then Eli answered, “Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant your peon that you have made to him.” 18 And she said, “Let your servant find favor in your eyes.” Then the woman went Screen 28 her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.

6 She le the tent of worship and ended her fast. The man of God (prophet/priest/judge) had spoken and she was sasfied.

1 Samuel 1:19 They rose early in the morning and worshiped before the Lord; then they went back to their house at Ramah. And Elkanah knew Hannah his wife, and the Lord remembered her.

Hallelujah verse - she gets up the next day and connues to worship. Hannah is an incredible example of faith no maer what!!!

1 Samuel 1:20 And in due me Hannah conceived and bore a son, and she called Screen 29 his name Samuel, for she said, “I have asked for him from the Lord.”

“Samuel” -means literally “name of God” or “offspring of God” (Let that sink in for a while.)

1 Samuel 1:21-23 21 The man Elkanah and all his house went up to offer to the Screen 30 Lord the yearly sacrifice and to pay his vow. 22 But Hannah did not go up, for she said to her husband, “As soon as the child is weaned, I will bring him, so that he may appear in the presence of the Lord and dwell there forever.” 23 Elkanah her husband said to Screen 31 her, “Do what seems best to you; wait unl you have weaned him; only, may the Lord establish his word.” So the woman remained and nursed her son unl she weaned him.

Ancient women typically weaned their children up to age three.

1 Samuel 1:24-28 24 And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, Screen 32 along with a three-year-old bull, an ephah of flour, and a skin of wine, and she brought him to the house of the Lord at Shiloh. And the child was young. 25 Then they slaughtered the bull, and they brought the child to Eli. 26 And she said, “Oh, my lord ! Screen 33

7 As you live, my lord, I am the woman who was standing here in your presence, praying to the Lord. 27 For this child I prayed, and the Lord has granted me my peon that I made to him. 28 Therefore I have lent him to the Lord. As long as he lives, he is lent Screento 34 the Lord.”

She did exactly what she said she would do.

1 Samuel 2:1-11 1 And Hannah prayed and said, “My heart exults in the Lord; my Screen 35 horn is exalted in the Lord. My mouth derides my enemies, because I rejoice in your salvaon. 2 “There is none holy like the Lord: for there is none besides you; there is no rock like our God. 3 Talk no more so very proudly, let not arrogance come from Screen 36 your mouth; for the Lord is a God of knowledge, and by him acons are weighed. 4 The bows of the mighty are broken, but the feeble bind on strength. 5 Those who were Screen 37 full have hired themselves out for bread, but those who were hungry have ceased to hunger. The barren has borne seven, but she who has many children is forlorn. 6 The Lord kills and brings to life; he brings down to Sheol and raises up. 7 The Lord Screen 38 makes poor and makes rich; he brings low and he exalts. 8 He raises up the poor from the dust; he lis the needy from the ash heap to make them sit with princes and inherit a seat of honor. For the pillars of the earth are the Lord’s, and on them he has set the world. 9 “He will guard the feet of his faithful ones, but the wicked shall be cut off Screen 39 in darkness, for not by might shall a man prevail. 10 The adversaries of the Lord shall be broken to pieces; against them he will thunder in heaven. The Lord will judge the ends of the earth; he will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed.” 11 Then Elkanah went home to Ramah. And the boy was ministering to the Lord in Screen 40 the presence of Eli the priest.

8 1 Samuel 2:18-21 18 Samuel was ministering before the Lord, a boy clothed Screen 41 with a linen ephod. 19 And his mother used to make for him a lile robe and take it to him each year when she went up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice. 20 Then Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife, and say, “May the Lord give you Screen 42 children by this woman for the peon she asked of the Lord.” So then they would

return to their home. 21 Indeed the Lord visited Hannah, and she conceived and Screen 43 bore three sons and two daughters. And the boy Samuel grew in the presence of the Lord.

Then, God raised up Samuel to be a faithful priest.

1 Samuel 2:35 And I will raise up for myself a faithful priest, who shall do Screen 44 according to what is in my heart and in my mind. And I will build him a sure house, and he shall go in and out before my anointed forever.

Aer this prophecy in 2:35, then God calls Samuel (Chapter 3) in the tent of meeng/ worship in Shiloh as a boy. He serves faithfully under Eli unl God removes Eli and his wicked sons (Chapter4). He then leads Israel.

Chapter 7:18 “Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life.” Then, when he was old (8:1) the people of Israel demand a king. ➜ God gives them on in Saul - Samuel anoints him. Then, Samuel reres (chapter 12). Then, God rejects Saul as King and Samuel comes out of rerement to anoint David in:

1 Samuel 16:13 Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of Screen 45 his brothers. And the Spirit of the Lord rushed upon David from that day forward. And Samuel rose up and went to Ramah.

9 1 Samuel 25:1 Now Samuel died. And all Israel assembled and mourned for him, Screen 46 and they buried him in his house at Ramah.

Samuel lived the kind of life one only dreams of - it never would have happened without the faithfulness and the prayers of his mother.

WHAT AN INCONCEIVABLE LAD!!! Recap 47 Guests 48 Bye 49 PRAYER AND INVITATION

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