RecordsVolume 30 2016 Records of the Canterbury Museum Records of the Canterbury Museum Volume 30 2016 4 Editor Cor Vink Editorial Board Marguerite Hill Paul Scofield Phil Skewes Daniel Stirland Anthony Wright Production Vicki Blyth Alex Wootton Canterbury Museum gratefully acknowledges a grant from the Mason Foundation for the publication of the Records of the Canterbury Museum. ISSN 0370 3878 (Print) ISSN 2881 9707 (Online) Records of the Canterbury Museum Volume 30, 2016 Published September 2016 © Canterbury Museum Rolleston Avenue Christchurch 8013 New Zealand 5 Contents New Cretaceous brachiopods from the South Island, New Zealand 5 Norton Hiller What can we do? A case study in the conservation of canned wet food in museum collections 13 Emily Fryer, Sarah Murray, Lisa Yeats Types of Charles Chilton’s Crustacea with comments on his collections in the Canterbury Museum 25 Matthew Shaw & Gary Poore Two further species of Deleatidium (Deleatidium) (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from New Zealand 52 Terry Hitchings & Tim Hitchings The life and legacy of Sir Julius von Haast: exploring archival documentary heritage collections 65 Sascha Nolden The Northern Pinnacle, Poor Knights Islands: natural history notes on a brief landing in 1983 81 Anthony Wright Instructions for Authors 85 6 Records of the Canterbury Museum, 2016 Vol. 30: 5–12 © Canterbury Museum 2016 7 New Cretaceous brachiopods from the South Island, New Zealand Norton Hiller Department of Geological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand Email: [email protected] Two new brachiopod taxa of Late Cretaceous age are described from contrasting depositional settings in North Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand. Gowanella capralis gen. et sp. nov. lived in a shallow water oyster reef. The second taxon, which cannot be properly diagnosed, is a deep water form from an outer shelf to upper slope environment. Both species are terebratulids; Gowanella is placed in the new family Ostreathyridae but the other form cannot be readily placed in an appropriate family. Keywords: Brachiopods, terebratulids, Late Cretaceous, New Zealand Introduction Cretaceous brachiopods are rare and poorly Zealand (CM) and the University of Otago known components of marine faunas in New Geology Museum (OU). Zealand; fewer than 30 species can be recognised and of these only a handful have been fully South Island Cretaceous stratigraphic described and formally named (MacFarlan et horizons with brachiopods al. 2009). Lee and Motchurova-Dekova (2008) described a new rhynchonellide from the The earliest mention of Cretaceous brachiopods Kahuitara Tuff on Pitt Island, Chatham Islands, in South Island rocks appears to have been that and Hiller (2011) described a new notosariid made by Haast (1879, p.295) who included the rhynchonellide and a bizarre new terebratulidine three brachiopod genera Terebratella d’Orbigny, of uncertain affinities from the Ostrea Bed, 1847, Waldheimia King, 1850, and Rhynchonella Broken River Formation of North Canterbury. Fischer, 1809 in his list of fossils from the oyster In addition, he mentioned two indeterminate beds associated with his ‘brown coal formation’. terebratulides from the same stratigraphic unit. However, it is uncertain whether these genera In this paper, additional species from Upper were actually derived from Cretaceous rather Cretaceous rocks of North Canterbury are than Cenozoic strata. Unfortunately, the described. Further sampling of the Ostrea Bed whereabouts of the specimens is unknown. at the top of the Broken River Formation has Warren & Speden (1978, p. 50) listed four produced another species of terebratulidine brachiopod genera from two Upper Cretaceous brachiopod. These shallow water forms are stratigraphic units at Haumuri Bluff in South contrasted with similarly aged deep water forms Marlborough. These include a discinid from the Mead Hill Formation on the Kaikoura (originally identified as Patella? amuritica Peninsula. by Wilckens (1922)), Rhynchonella (s.l.) sp. The specimens are housed in the collections and Terebratula (s.l.) sp. from the Okarahia of Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Sandstone, and a linguloid from the slightly 8 Norton Hiller younger Conway Formation. These specimens unit, at the top of the Broken River Formation, require further investigation. in Weka Creek and surrounding area (Fig. 1B). Numerous specimens of a linguloid This confirmed Thomson’s observation and brachiopod were obtained during preparation of produced the new taxa mentioned above. The a plesiosaur skeleton discovered in a calcareous specimens that are the subject of this study were concretion from the Conway Formation at the recovered from a bulk sample taken at a locality Waipara River, North Canterbury (Hiller & where weathering had made the Ostrea Bed Mannering 2005; Hiller et al. 2005). Whether quite friable so that fossils were easily separated these belong to the same taxon as the linguloid from the medium-grained sandy matrix. from Haumuri Bluff requires further research. In 2005, a number of participants in a mid- The Conway Formation at the Waipara River has conference field trip, held during the 50th annual been shown to be somewhat younger than it is at conference of the Geological Society of New Haumuri Bluff (Roncaglia et al. 1999). Zealand, made the first discovery of invertebrate Thomson (1920) mentioned the presence macrofossils in the Mead Hill Formation, a of a rhynchonellide in the Ostrea Bed at Weka glauconitic, fine-grained siliceous limestone Creek, North Canterbury. More recently, the exposed along the foreshore at Kaikoura, North discovery of Cretaceous brachiopods from the Canterbury (Fig. 1C). Among the specimens Ostrea Bed among Cenozoic forms in the Robin collected at that time and subsequently were S Allan collection at Canterbury Museum led sponges, echinoid spines, a possible belemnite Hiller (2011) to investigate that stratigraphic and, significantly, articulated brachiopods. A B C Figure 1. Locality maps. A, Positions of the collection sites within the South Island of New Zealand. B, Collection site on the farm Gowan Hill in the Weka Pass area. C, Kaikoura collection site on the rocky shore near Avoca Point. Collecting sites are indicated by stars. New Cretaceous brachiopods from the South Island, New Zealand 9 Systematic Palaeontology Diagnosis: Small to medium sized, ventribiconvex shells with subcircular to roundly hexagonal outline; anterior Order Terebratulida Waagen, 1883 commissure plicate; shell surface smooth apart Suborder Terebratulidina Waagen, 1883 from strong growth lines; hinge line almost Superfamily uncertain straight; beak markedly attrite with large Family Ostreathyridae fam. nov. permesothyrid foramen. Shell punctate. Dorsal Diagnosis: Thick-shelled, short-looped median septum lacking. brachiopods with ventribiconvex shells of variable outline; anterior commissure plicate; Gowanella capralis gen. et sp. nov. hinge line almost straight; greatest width at or (Figs 2a–r) close to hinge line; beak markedly attrite; large foramen permesothyrid. Etymology: From the Latin caprale, a marsh or swamp fit only for goats, referring to the small Age: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian). marshy gully that is the type locality for the species. Included genera: Ostreathyris Hiller, 2011; Gowanella gen. nov. Material: Six complete shells, two dorsal valves and two broken ventral valves from Site 4, Remarks: The included genera developed Gowan Hill West, of Hiller (2011) (Fig 1B); their shells without the involvement of any New Zealand Fossil Record File Number M34/ median support structure for the loop. For this f0928. Holotype: CM 2014.1.1; Paratypes: reason they are placed within the Suborder CM 2014.1.2 and CM 2014.1.3 in Canterbury Terebratulidina. If this systematic placement Museum, Christchurch. is correct, then they differ from most other members of the suborder. Generally, Diagnosis: As for genus. terebratulidines are smooth, elongately ovoid with maximum width well anterior of the Description: Ventribiconvex shells with hinge line, quite unlike the members of the subcircular to roundly hexagonal outline; new family. Although the new family cannot be maximum width about mid-valve. Dorsal readily placed within any known superfamily, valve very gently to gently convex in lateral its erection is warranted by the highly profile; anterior profile varying from almost distinctive, somewhat aberrant nature of the flat to gently convex; rounded median fold genera included in it, even though knowledge subdued in early growth stages but becoming of the entire loop is lacking at this stage. higher as shell gets larger and separating flat to concave lateral areas. Ventral valve gently to strongly convex in lateral profile; anterior Genus Gowanella gen. nov. profile strongly convex apart from narrow flat Etymology: Named after the farm Gowan Hill to concave median portion that coincides with on which the specimens were found. sulcus, which becomes deeper in later growth stages. Beak short, markedly attrite with large Type species: Gowanella capralis sp. nov. permesothyrid foramen. Relatively short, wide Horizon: Ostrea Bed Member at the top of the deltidial plates disjunct in early growth stages Broken Hill Formation, North Canterbury, but becoming conjunct or fused in mature South Island, New Zealand. shells. Shell surface smooth apart from strongly developed stepped growth lines, becoming Age: The Broken River Formation has been crowded near anterior